David Solomon Eibeschutz (

Hebrew Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved ...

: דוד שלמה אייבשיץ) (alternate English: David Shlomo Eibeschitz) was born in Ozeriany,

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and, after 1791, as the Commonwealth of Poland, was a bi-confederal state, sometimes called a federation, of Crown of the Kingdom of ...

(now in

Ternopil Oblast Ternopil Oblast ( uk, Тернопі́льська о́бласть, translit=Ternopilska oblast; also referred to as Ternopilshchyna, uk, Терно́пільщина, label=none, or Ternopillia, uk, Тернопілля, label=none) is an obl ...

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...

) in 1755.

Biography

His father's name was Yerachmiel. He was a

Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...

-born rabbi and author, a pupil of Rabbi Moses Tzvi Heller, the author of ''Geon Tzvi.'' He was the first Rabbi of the

shtetl A shtetl or shtetel (; yi, שטעטל, translit=shtetl (singular); שטעטלעך, romanized: ''shtetlekh'' (plural)) is a Yiddish term for the small towns with predominantly Ashkenazi Jewish populations which existed in Eastern Europe before ...

of Chorostkov, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (now

Khorostkiv Khorostkiv ( uk, Хоростків, pl, Chorostków, yi, כראָסקעוו, Chorostkov) is a city in Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Khorostkiv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: ...

, Ukraine). From 1790 to 1800, he occupied the position of Rabbi in Bodzanov (now

Budaniv Budaniv ( uk, Буданів, pl, Budzanów) is a village in Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, in western Ukraine, near Terebovlya. It belongs to Bilobozhnytsia rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The population of Budaniv is 1,634 ( ...

, Ukraine). Thereafter, he served as the Rabbi for Soroki, Bessarabia (now Soroca,

Moldova Moldova ( , ; ), officially the Republic of Moldova ( ro, Republica Moldova), is a Landlocked country, landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south. The List of states ...

), and in Jassy (now Iaşi,

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...

). From Iasi, he made ''

aliyah Aliyah (, ; he, עֲלִיָּה ''ʿălīyyā'', ) is the immigration of Jews from Jewish diaspora, the diaspora to, historically, the geographical Land of Israel, which is in the modern era chiefly represented by the Israel, State of Israel ...

'' and went to the

Land of Israel The Land of Israel () is the traditional Jewish name for an area of the Southern Levant. Related biblical, religious and historical English terms include the Land of Canaan, the Promised Land, the Holy Land, and Palestine (see also Isra ...

in 1810 and remained in

Safed Safed (known in Hebrew language, Hebrew as Tzfat; Sephardi Hebrew, Sephardic Hebrew & Modern Hebrew: צְפַת ''Tsfat'', Ashkenazi Hebrew pronunciation, Ashkenazi Hebrew: ''Tzfas'', Biblical Hebrew: ''Ṣǝp̄aṯ''; ar, صفد, ''Ṣafad''), i ...

until his death on 19 November 1813. He was the author of many

kabalistic Kabbalah ( he, קַבָּלָה ''Qabbālā'', literally "reception, tradition") is an esoteric method, discipline and school of thought in Jewish mysticism. A traditional Kabbalist is called a Mekubbal ( ''Məqūbbāl'' "receiver"). The defi ...

and

Talmudical The Talmud (; he, , Talmūḏ) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (''halakha'') and Jewish theology. Until the advent of modernity, in nearly all Jewish communities, the Talmud was the cente ...

works, which still exist in manuscript. He also wrote ''Levushei Serad,'' in two parts. The first part contains a commentary on the ''

Shulchan Aruch The ''Shulchan Aruch'' ( he, שֻׁלְחָן עָרוּך , literally: "Set Table"), sometimes dubbed in English as the Code of Jewish Law, is the most widely consulted of the various legal codes in Judaism. It was authored in Safed (today in Is ...

'', ''Orach Chayim'', with comments on

David ben Samuel David ha-Levi Segal (c. 1586 – 20 February 1667), also known as the Turei Zahav (abbreviated Taz ()) after the title of his significant ''halakha, halakhic'' commentary on the ''Shulchan Aruch'', was one of the greatest Jews of Poland, Polish ...

's ''Turei Zahav'' and Abraham Abele Gumbiner's ''Magen Avraham''; at the end of this part is added the plan of the

Temple A temple (from the Latin ) is a building reserved for spiritual rituals and activities such as prayer and sacrifice. Religions which erect temples include Christianity (whose temples are typically called churches), Hinduism (whose temples ...

as described by

Ezekiel Ezekiel (; he, יְחֶזְקֵאל ''Yəḥezqēʾl'' ; in the Septuagint written in grc-koi, Ἰεζεκιήλ ) is the central protagonist of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible. In Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, Ezekiel is acknow ...

(Mohilev, 1818, and frequently reprinted). The second part is on ''Shulchan Aruch'', ''Yoreh De'ah'' (Mohilev, 1812). His ''Ne'ot Deshe'' is a compilation of 138 ''

responsa ''Responsa'' (plural of Latin , 'answer') comprise a body of written decisions and rulings given by legal scholars in response to questions addressed to them. In the modern era, the term is used to describe decisions and rulings made by scholars i ...

,'' in two parts, the first of which was published in Lemberg, 1861, while the second is in manuscript. ''Arvei Nachal'' is also in two parts, the first being a treatise on the

Pentateuch The Torah (; hbo, ''Tōrā'', "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. In that sense, Torah means the sa ...

, the second consisting of sermons (Kopust, Sdilkov, 1835; Krotoschin, 1840; Jitomir, 1850; Lemberg, 1856).

Jewish Encyclopedia bibliography

*Eliezer Kohn, Kin'at Soferim, p. 90; * Fuenn, Ḳiryah Ne'emanah, p. 223; *

Benjacob Isaac ben Jacob Benjacob (January 10, 1801, Ramygala – July 2, 1863, Vilnius) was a Lithuanian Jewish Maskil, best known as a bibliographer, author, and publisher. His 17-volume Hebrew Bible included Rashi, Mendelssohn, as well as his own ''M ...

, Oẓar ha-Sefarim, pp. 255, 391, 449.

Footnotes

References

* *family records

External links

English translation of the Arvei Nachal
1755 births 1813 deaths 19th-century rabbis from the Russian Empire 18th-century Polish–Lithuanian rabbis Rabbis in Ottoman Galilee Bessarabian Jews Rabbis in Safed Hasidic rebbes {{Hasidic-Judaism-stub