60S ribosomal protein L13 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respo ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''RPL13''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba ...
.
Function
Ribosome
Ribosomes ( ) are macromolecular machines, found within all cells, that perform biological protein synthesis (mRNA translation). Ribosomes link amino acids together in the order specified by the codons of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules to ...
s, the
organelle
In cell biology, an organelle is a specialized subunit, usually within a cell, that has a specific function. The name ''organelle'' comes from the idea that these structures are parts of cells, as organs are to the body, hence ''organelle,'' the ...
s that catalyze
protein synthesis
Protein biosynthesis (or protein synthesis) is a core biological process, occurring inside Cell (biology), cells, homeostasis, balancing the loss of cellular proteins (via Proteolysis, degradation or Protein targeting, export) through the product ...
, consist of a small
40S
The eukaryotic small ribosomal subunit (40S) is the smaller subunit of the eukaryotic 80S ribosomes, with the other major component being the large ribosomal subunit (60S). The "40S" and "60S" names originate from the convention that ribosomal pa ...
subunit and a large
60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4
RNA
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes. RNA and deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) are nucleic acids. Along with lipids, proteins, and carbohydra ...
species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a
ribosomal protein that is a component of the 60S subunit. The protein belongs to the L13E family of ribosomal proteins. It is located in the
cytoplasm
In cell biology, the cytoplasm is all of the material within a eukaryotic cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, except for the cell nucleus. The material inside the nucleus and contained within the nuclear membrane is termed the nucleoplasm. The ...
. This gene is expressed at significantly higher levels in benign breast lesions than in
breast carcinomas. Transcript variants derived from
alternative splicing
Alternative splicing, or alternative RNA splicing, or differential splicing, is an alternative splicing process during gene expression that allows a single gene to code for multiple proteins. In this process, particular exons of a gene may be ...
and/or alternative
polyadenylation
Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to an RNA transcript, typically a messenger RNA (mRNA). The poly(A) tail consists of multiple adenosine monophosphates; in other words, it is a stretch of RNA that has only adenine bases. In euk ...
exist; these variants encode the same protein. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed
pseudogene
Pseudogenes are nonfunctional segments of DNA that resemble functional genes. Most arise as superfluous copies of functional genes, either directly by DNA duplication or indirectly by Reverse transcriptase, reverse transcription of an mRNA trans ...
s of this gene dispersed through the genome.
Interactions
RPL13 has been shown to
interact
Advocates for Informed Choice, dba interACT or interACT Advocates for Intersex Youth, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization using innovative strategies to advocate for the legal and human rights of children with intersex traits. The organizati ...
with
CDC5L
Cell division cycle 5-like protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CDC5L'' gene.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene shares a significant similarity with ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' cdc5 gene product, which is a cell cyc ...
.
Bbc1
Bbc1 (Mti1p) is a protein expressed in yeasts that is thought to associate with
actin
Actin is a family of globular multi-functional proteins that form microfilaments in the cytoskeleton, and the thin filaments in muscle fibrils. It is found in essentially all eukaryotic cells, where it may be present at a concentration of over ...
networks. Bbc1 is short for Bni1 synthetic lethal and Bee1 (
las17) complex member. The alternate name, Mti1p, is short for
Myosin
Myosins () are a superfamily of motor proteins best known for their roles in muscle contraction and in a wide range of other motility processes in eukaryotes. They are ATP-dependent and responsible for actin-based motility.
The first myosin ...
tail region-interacting protein.
Bbc1 is involved in
cytoskeletal
The cytoskeleton is a complex, dynamic network of interlinking protein filaments present in the cytoplasm of all cells, including those of bacteria and archaea. In eukaryotes, it extends from the cell nucleus to the cell membrane and is compo ...
regulation during
endocytosis
Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell. The material to be internalized is surrounded by an area of cell membrane, which then buds off inside the cell to form a vesicle containing the ingested material. E ...
.
Budding yeast
''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' () (brewer's yeast or baker's yeast) is a species of yeast (single-celled fungus microorganisms). The species has been instrumental in winemaking, baking, and brewing since ancient times. It is believed to have been o ...
Bbc1 inhibits the activator of the
Arp2/3 complex Las17 (
WASp
A wasp is any insect of the narrow-waisted suborder Apocrita of the order Hymenoptera which is neither a bee nor an ant; this excludes the broad-waisted sawflies (Symphyta), which look somewhat like wasps, but are in a separate suborder. Th ...
homolog). The protein also interacts with the tail of
Myosin 1 proteins.
In
fission yeast
''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'', also called "fission yeast", is a species of yeast used in traditional brewing and as a model organism in molecular and cell biology. It is a unicellular eukaryote, whose cells are rod-shaped. Cells typically measu ...
, Bbc1 is considered a WIP family cytoskeletal protein. Bbc1 localizes to actin cortical patches, cell division sites, the cell tip, and the cytosol. Cells with bbc1 gene deletion are viable.
Bbc1 is affinity captured by the
Nebulin
Nebulin is an actin-binding protein which is localized to the thin filament of the sarcomeres in skeletal muscle. Nebulin in humans is coded for by the gene ''NEB''. It is a very large protein (600–900 kDa) and binds as many as 200 actin monomer ...
-family actin filament anchoring protein Cyk3 and the
SMARCAD1
SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A containing DEAD/H box 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SMARCAD1'' gene.
Proper expression of SMARCAD1 may be important to fingerprint development ...
family
ATP
ATP may refer to:
Companies and organizations
* Association of Tennis Professionals, men's professional tennis governing body
* American Technical Publishers, employee-owned publishing company
* ', a Danish pension
* Armenia Tree Project, non ...
-dependent DNA helicase Fft3.
Bbc1 competes with
WIP
WIP or WiP may refer to:
Political parties
* Wildrose Independence Party of Alberta, a political party in Alberta, Canada
* Western Independence Party of Manitoba, a former Canadian provincial political party
* Western Independence Party of Sas ...
homolog Vrp1 to bind the
Myosin 1 tail to regulate actin assembly at
endocytic
Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell. The material to be internalized is surrounded by an area of cell membrane, which then buds off inside the cell to form a vesicle containing the ingested material. E ...
sites.
References
Further reading
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External links
PDBe-KBprovides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human 60S ribosomal protein L13
{{gene-16-stub
Ribosomal proteins