RNS Formalism
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Ramond–Neveu–Schwarz (RNS) formalism (named after
Pierre Ramond Pierre Ramond (; born 31 January 1943) is distinguished professor of physics at University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida. He initiated the development of superstring theory. Academic career Ramond completed his BSEE from Newark College of E ...
, John H. Schwarz, and André Neveu) was an early attempt to introduce fermions through the means of
supersymmetry In a supersymmetric theory the equations for force and the equations for matter are identical. In theoretical and mathematical physics, any theory with this property has the principle of supersymmetry (SUSY). Dozens of supersymmetric theories e ...
into string theory. In this theory, worldsheet embedded in spacetime is regarded as a bosonic field and the fermionic fields are regarded as the vectors of spacetime. The theory can map out tachyon through
GSO projection The GSO projection (named after Ferdinando Gliozzi, Joël Scherk, and David I. Olive) F. Gliozzi, J. Scherk and D. I. Olive, "Supersymmetry, Supergravity Theories and the Dual Spinor Model", ''Nucl. Phys. B'' 122 (1977), 253. is an ingredient us ...
. Also, RNS formalism is equivalent to
GS formalism Green–Schwarz (GS) formalism (named after Michael Green and John H. Schwarz) is an attempt to introduce fermions in string theory. The theory is equivalent to RNS formalism which has been GSO projected. This theory is very hard to quantize, ...
which has spacetime supersymmetry but without worldsheet supersymmetry.


See also

*
GS formalism Green–Schwarz (GS) formalism (named after Michael Green and John H. Schwarz) is an attempt to introduce fermions in string theory. The theory is equivalent to RNS formalism which has been GSO projected. This theory is very hard to quantize, ...
*
GSO projection The GSO projection (named after Ferdinando Gliozzi, Joël Scherk, and David I. Olive) F. Gliozzi, J. Scherk and D. I. Olive, "Supersymmetry, Supergravity Theories and the Dual Spinor Model", ''Nucl. Phys. B'' 122 (1977), 253. is an ingredient us ...
*
Kalb–Ramond field In theoretical physics in general and string theory in particular, the Kalb–Ramond field (named after Michael Kalb and Pierre Ramond), also known as the Kalb–Ramond ''B''-field or Kalb–Ramond NS–NS ''B''-field, is a quantum field that tra ...


References


References

* Thomas Mohaupt (2002)
"Introduction to String Theory"
String theory {{string-theory-stub