The QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss or in French use Canon Hotchkiss à tir rapide de 47 mm were a family of long-lived light naval guns introduced in 1886 to defend against new, small and fast vessels such as torpedo boats and later submarines. There were many variants produced, often under license which ranged in length from 32 to 50

calibers In guns, particularly firearms, caliber (or calibre; sometimes abbreviated as "cal") is the specified nominal internal diameter of the gun barrel bore – regardless of how or where the bore is measured and whether the finished bore match ...

but 40 caliber was the most common version. They were widely used by the navies of a number of nations and often used by both sides in a conflict. They were also used ashore as coastal defense guns and later as an

anti-aircraft gun Anti-aircraft warfare, counter-air or air defence forces is the battlespace response to aerial warfare, defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action".AAP-6 It includes surface based ...

, whether on improvised or specialized HA/LA mounts.

Operational history

French service

The French Navy used two versions of the Hotchkiss 3-pounder: the short-barreled M1885 and the long-barreled M1902, which had a larger

muzzle velocity Muzzle velocity is the speed of a projectile ( bullet, pellet, slug, ball/ shots or shell) with respect to the muzzle at the moment it leaves the end of a gun's barrel (i.e. the muzzle). Firearm muzzle velocities range from approximately ...

than its predecessor. The French L/40 M1885 and the British QF 3-pounder were largely the same gun. Like the British who paired their 3-pounders with the larger

QF 6-pounder Hotchkiss The Ordnance QF Hotchkiss 6 pounder gun Mk I and Mk II or QF 6 pounder 8 cwt were a family of long-lived light naval guns introduced in 1885 to defend against new, small and fast vessels such as torpedo boats and later submarines. There were ma ...

the French often paired theirs with the

Canon de 65 mm Modèle 1891 Canon or Canons may refer to: Arts and entertainment * Canon (fiction), the conceptual material accepted as official in a fictional universe by its fan base * Literary canon, an accepted body of works considered as high culture ** Western can ...

sometimes called a 9-pounder in English publications. The 3-pounder was primarily used as anti-

torpedo boat A torpedo boat is a relatively small and fast naval ship designed to carry torpedoes into battle. The first designs were steam-powered craft dedicated to ramming enemy ships with explosive spar torpedoes. Later evolutions launched variants of ...

defense aboard

armored cruiser The armored cruiser was a type of warship of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was designed like other types of cruisers to operate as a long-range, independent warship, capable of defeating any ship apart from a battleship and fast eno ...

destroyer In naval terminology, a destroyer is a fast, manoeuvrable, long-endurance warship intended to escort larger vessels in a fleet, convoy or battle group and defend them against powerful short range attackers. They were originally developed ...

ironclads An ironclad is a steam-propelled warship protected by iron or steel armor plates, constructed from 1859 to the early 1890s. The ironclad was developed as a result of the vulnerability of wooden warships to explosive or incendiary shells. Th ...

pre-dreadnought Pre-dreadnought battleships were sea-going battleships built between the mid- to late- 1880s and 1905, before the launch of in 1906. The pre-dreadnought ships replaced the ironclad battleships of the 1870s and 1880s. Built from steel, protec ...

battleships,

protected cruiser Protected cruisers, a type of naval cruiser of the late-19th century, gained their description because an armoured deck offered protection for vital machine-spaces from fragments caused by shells exploding above them. Protected cruisers re ...

s and

submarines A submarine (or sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater. It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability. The term is also sometimes used historically or colloquially to refer to remotely op ...

. During World War I, the role of the guns changed from anti-torpedo boat defense to anti-aircraft defense and new high angle mounts were developed but were found to be ineffective. The ''Liberté''-class and ''Danton''-class battleships mounted the gun, in addition to the cruisers ''Jules Michelet'', ''Ernest Renan'', and those of the ''Edgar Quinet''-class. It was used as the standard French shipboard anti-aircraft gun during World War I, being replaced by the

Canon de 75 mm modèle 1908 The ''Canon de 75 mm modèle 1908'' was a French naval gun designed before World War I. It served aboard the battleship A battleship is a large armored warship with a main battery consisting of large caliber guns. It dominated naval wa ...

. After World War I the majority of 3-pounders in the anti-aircraft role were replaced with either the anti-aircraft version of the

Canon de 75 modèle 1897 The French 75 mm field gun was a quick-firing field artillery piece adopted in March 1898. Its official French designation was: Matériel de 75mm Mle 1897. It was commonly known as the French 75, simply the 75 and Soixante-Quinze (Frenc ...

or the

Canon de 75 mm modèle 1924 The ''Canon de 75 mm modèle 1924'' was a French naval anti-aircraft gun designed after World War I. It served aboard battleships, cruisers and destroyers during World War II. In Polish service it was known as the 75 mm Armata przeciwlotnicz ...

. French ships armed with the L/40 M1885 and L/50 M1902 include: * Amiral Charner-class cruisers *

Amphitrite-class submarine The ''Amphitrite class'' was a group of eight List of submarines of France, submarines built for the French Navy just before World War I and completed during the war. Ships See also *List of submarines of France Bibliography

* * * * * ...

s *

Arquebuse-class destroyer The ''Arquebuse'' class was a group of 20 destroyers built for the French Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. Two ships were sunk during the First World War and the others were scrapped after the war. Losses The ''Catapulte'' was sunk a ...

s *

Bouvines-class coast defense ship The ''Bouvines'' class consisted of a pair of ironclad coastal-defense ships built for the French Navy () in the 1890s, and . Thoroughly obsolete by World War I, the ships only played a minor role during the war. They were sold for scrap in 192 ...

s * Branlebas-class destroyers *

Bretagne-class battleship The ''Bretagne''-class battleships were the first " super-dreadnoughts" built for the French Navy during the First World War. The class comprised three vessels: ''Bretagne'', the lead ship, ''Provence'', and ''Lorraine''. They were an impr ...

s *

Charlemagne-class battleship The ''Charlemagne'' class consisted of three pre-dreadnought battleships built for the French Navy in the 1890s. The ships spent most of their careers assigned to the Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean (France), Mediterranean Squadron (''Escadre d ...

s * Claymore-class destroyers * Clorinde-class submarines *

Courbet-class battleship The ''Courbet''-class battleships were the first dreadnoughts built for the French Navy. These were completed prior to WWI. The class comprised four ships: , , , and . All four ships were deployed to the Mediterranean Sea for the entirety of Wor ...

s * Danton-class battleships * D'Estrées-class cruisers *

Dupleix-class cruiser The ''Dupleix'' class consisted of three armored cruisers built for the French Navy () at the beginning of the 20th century. Designed for overseas service and armed with eight guns, the three ships of the class were smaller and less powerfully a ...

s * Dupuy de Lôme-class submarines *

Durandal-class destroyer The ''Durandal'' class was a group of four destroyers built for the French Navy between 1896 and 1900, used during the First World War. These vessels were France's first true destroyers rather than torpedo boats. Two units were launched in 1899 ...

s * Framee-class destroyers * Gloire-class cruisers * Gueydon-class cruisers * Gustave Zédé-class submarines * Leon Gambetta-class cruisers * Liberte-class battleships * Marceau-class ironclads *

Normandie-class battleship The ''Normandie'' class consisted of five dreadnought battleships ordered for the French Navy in 1912–1913. It comprised ''Normandie'', the lead ship, ''Flandre'', ''Gascogne'', ''Languedoc'', and . The design incorporated a radical arrangemen ...

s * O'Byrne-class submarines * Pertuisane-class destroyers * Republique-class battleships *

French ironclad Amiral Baudin French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Fran ...

French battleship Brennus ''Brennus'' was the first pre-dreadnought battleship built for the (French Navy). Completed in 1896, she was the sole member of her class, with a main battery of heavy guns mounted on the centerline and the first use of Belleville boilers. Sh ...

French battleship Carnot ''Carnot'' was a pre-dreadnought battleship of the French Navy. She was laid down in July 1891, launched in July 1894, and completed in July 1897. She was a member of a group of five broadly similar battleships, along with ''Charles Martel'', ...

French battleship Charles Martel ''Charles Martel'' was a pre-dreadnought battleship of the French Navy built in the 1890s. Completed in 1897, she was a member of a group of five broadly similar battleships ordered as part of the French response to a major British naval const ...

Australian service

A 3-pounder Hotchkiss was used on an improvised mounting in a

battle A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and for ...

that resulted in Australia's first prisoners of World War 2 being captured near

Berbera Berbera (; so, Barbara, ar, بربرة) is the capital of the Sahil region of Somaliland and is the main sea port of the country. Berbera is a coastal city and was the former capital of the British Somaliland protectorate before Hargeisa. I ...

in 1940. The guns are now used in a Three Pound Saluting Gun Battery at the Garden Island Naval Base.

Austro-Hungarian service

The

Austro-Hungarian Navy The Austro-Hungarian Navy or Imperial and Royal War Navy (german: kaiserliche und königliche Kriegsmarine, in short ''k.u.k. Kriegsmarine'', hu, Császári és Királyi Haditengerészet) was the naval force of Austria-Hungary. Ships of the A ...

used two versions of the Hotchkiss 3-pounder. The first was the short SFK L/33 H of 1890 produced under license by Skoda. The second was the long SFK L/44 S of 1897 produced under license by Skoda. These two guns were the primary rapid fire anti-torpedo boat guns of many ships built or refitted between 1890 and 1918. On 16 August 1914 at the Battle of Antivari, the Austro-Hungarian protected cruiser

SMS Zenta SMS ''Zenta'' was the lead ship of the of protected cruisers built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy in the late 1890s. The class included two other vessels, and . The ''Zenta''s were intended to serve as fleet scouts and to guard the battleships ...

was sunk by a combined Anglo-French force. Both sides in the battle were armed with Hotchkiss guns. Austro-Hungarian ships armed with the L/33 and L/44 include: *

Erzherzog Karl-class battleship The ''Erzherzog Karl'' class was a class of pre-dreadnought battleships of the Austro-Hungarian Navy built before World War I. All of the battleships of the ''Erzherzog Karl''-class were built in the Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino shipyards in Tr ...

s *

Habsburg-class battleship The ''Habsburg'' class was a group of pre-dreadnought battleships built by Austria-Hungary at the turn of the 20th century. They were the first sea-going battleship built by Austria-Hungary since the central battery ship in 1876. The class was c ...

s * Huszár-class destroyers * Kaiman-class torpedo boats * Kaiser Franz Joseph I-class cruisers * Monarch-class coastal defense ships * Panther-class cruisers *

Radetzky-class battleship The ''Radetzky'' class was a group of three semi-dreadnought battleships built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy between 1907 and 1910. All ships were built by the STT shipyard in Trieste. They were the last pre-dreadnoughts built by the Austro-Hun ...

s *

U-10-class submarine The ''U-10'' class was a class of five submarines or U-boats of the Austro-Hungarian Navy (german: Kaiserliche und Königliche Kriegsmarine or ) during World War I. The class was similar to the German Type UB I submarine of the German Imperial Na ...

s * SMS Boa *

SMS Kaiser Karl VI SMS ''Kaiser Karl VI'' ("His Majesty's Ship ''Kaiser Karl VI''") was the second of three armored cruisers built by the Austro-Hungarian Navy. She was built by the Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino in Trieste between June 1896 and May 1900, when s ...

* SMS Kaiserin und Königin Maria Theresia * SMS Kronprinz Erzherzog Rudolf * SMS Kronprinzessin Erzherzogin Stephanie * SMS Sankt Georg *

Zenta-class cruiser The ''Zenta'' class was a group of three protected cruisers built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy in the 1890s. Design In January 1895, the senior officers of the Austro-Hungarian Navy decided to build two types of modern cruisers: large armor ...

Chinese service

China adopted the Hotchkiss 3-pounder in the 1880s, to arm its cruisers and smaller auxiliaries; the Hai Yung-class cruisers of the

Imperial Chinese Navy The Imperial Chinese Navy was the modern navy of the Qing dynasty of China established in 1875. An Imperial naval force in China first came into existence from 1132 during the Song dynasty and existed in some form until the end of the Qing dynasty ...

built by

AG Vulcan Stettin Aktien-Gesellschaft Vulcan Stettin (short AG Vulcan Stettin) was a German shipbuilding and locomotive building company. Founded in 1851, it was located near the former eastern German city of Stettin, today Polish Szczecin. Because of the limited ...

were armed with

Nordenfelt The Nordenfelt gun was a multiple-barrel organ gun that had a row of up to twelve barrels. It was fired by pulling a lever back and forth and ammunition was gravity fed through chutes for each barrel. It was produced in a number of different c ...

3-pounder guns firing the same ammunition. During the

First Sino-Japanese war The First Sino-Japanese War (25 July 1894 – 17 April 1895) was a conflict between China and Japan primarily over influence in Korea. After more than six months of unbroken successes by Japanese land and naval forces and the loss of the p ...

, ships of both sides were armed with Hotchkiss 3-pounder guns. Chinese ships armed with 3-pounder guns include: *

Chao Ho-class cruiser The ''Chao Ho'' class () was a class of protected cruisers built for the Qing Dynasty from 1910–1913. The class would later serve the Republic of China Navy and the Royal Hellenic Navy through the National Protection War, World War I, the ...

s * Yongfeng-class coastal defense ships * Zhiyuen-class cruisers *

Chinese cruiser Hai Chi ''Hai Chi'' () was a protected cruiser of the Imperial Chinese Navy. She was at the time the largest warship in Imperial China with a displacement of 4,300 tons and was armed with two guns and a top speed of . She subsequently served in the Repu ...

* Chinese cruiser Jingyuan * Chinese cruiser Laiyuan

Italian service

Italy adopted the Hotchkiss 3-pounder in the 1880s to arm its

armored cruisers The armored cruiser was a type of warship of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was designed like other types of cruisers to operate as a long-range, independent warship, capable of defeating any ship apart from a battleship and fast eno ...

battleships A battleship is a large armored warship with a main battery consisting of large caliber guns. It dominated naval warfare in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The term ''battleship'' came into use in the late 1880s to describe a type o ...

, protected cruisers, torpedo boats and

torpedo cruiser A torpedo cruiser is a type of warship that is armed primarily with torpedoes. The major navies began building torpedo cruisers shortly after the invention of the locomotive Whitehead torpedo in the 1860s. The development of the torpedo gave rise ...

s. Ships on both sides of the

Italo-Turkish war The Italo-Turkish or Turco-Italian War ( tr, Trablusgarp Savaşı, "Tripolitanian War", it, Guerra di Libia, "War of Libya") was fought between the Kingdom of Italy and the Ottoman Empire from 29 September 1911, to 18 October 1912. As a result o ...

were armed with 3-pounder guns. The Italians carried Hotchkiss and Vickers guns, while the Ottoman Navy carried Nordenfelt guns. Italian ships armed with 3-pounder guns include: * Folgore-class cruisers *

Giuseppe Garibaldi-class cruiser The ''Giuseppe Garibaldi''-class cruisers were a class of ten armoured cruisers built in Italy in the 1890s and the first decade of the 20th century. The ships were built for both the Royal Italian Navy ('' Regia Marina'') and for export. With t ...

s * Pegaso-class torpedo boats * Regina Elena-class battleships * Regina Margherita-class battleships * Italian cruiser Tripoli

Japanese service

Japan adopted the Hotchkiss 3-pounder 5-barrel

revolver cannon A revolver cannon is a type of autocannon, commonly used as an aircraft gun. It uses a cylinder with multiple chambers, like those of a revolver handgun, to speed up the loading-firing-ejection cycle. Some examples are also power-driven, to fur ...

in the 1880s and later adopted the simpler single-barrel quick-firing weapon. The Japanese versions of the 3-pounder were known as ''Yamanouchi'' guns and were largely identical to their British equivalents. The Japanese also had a related 30 caliber 2½-pounder gun from Elswick, the Yamanouchi Mk I. During the

Russo-Japanese War The Russo-Japanese War ( ja, 日露戦争, Nichiro sensō, Japanese-Russian War; russian: Ру́сско-япóнская войнá, Rússko-yapónskaya voyná) was fought between the Empire of Japan and the Russian Empire during 1904 and 1 ...

, ships of both sides were armed with Hotchkiss 3-pounder guns. The Japanese found them to be ineffective and removed them after the war. Japanese ships armed with 3-pounder guns include: *

Asama-class cruiser The were a pair of armored cruisers built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the late 1890s. As Japan lacked the industrial capacity to build such warships herself, the ships were built in Britain. They were part of the "Six-Six Fleet" ...

s *

Fuji-class battleship The was a two-ship class of pre-dreadnought battleships built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the mid-1890s. They were the first battleships in the IJN, and were constructed in the UK as Japan lacked the industrial facilities needed t ...

s * Kasagi-class cruisers * Kasuga-class cruisers * Katori-class battleships *

Kongō-class ironclad The were a pair of armored corvettes built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) by British shipyards in the 1870s. A British offer to purchase the two ships during the Russo-Turkish War in 1878 was refused. They became training ships in 1887 a ...

s * Matsushima-class cruisers *

Niitaka-class cruiser The two were protected cruisers operated by the Imperial Japanese Navy. Both participated in numerous actions during the Russo-Japanese War and in World War I. Background The ''Niitaka'' class was the second cruiser class built to a completely ...

s *

Shikishima-class battleship The was a two-ship class of pre-dreadnought battleships built for the Imperial Japanese Navy in the late 1890s. As Japan lacked the industrial capacity to build such warships herself, they were designed and built in the UK. The ships partici ...

s * Suma-class cruisers *

Tsukuba-class cruiser The were a pair of large armored cruisers (''Sōkō jun'yōkan'') built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the first decade of the 20th century. Construction began during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05 and their design was influenc ...

s *

Japanese battleship Asahi was a pre-dreadnought battleship built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the late 1890s. As Japan lacked the industrial capacity to build such warships itself, the ship was designed and built in the United Kingdom. Shortly after her ar ...

Japanese battleship Mikasa is a pre-dreadnought battleship built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the late 1890s. Named after Mount Mikasa in Nara, Japan, the ship served as the flagship of Vice Admiral Tōgō Heihachirō throughout the Russo-Japanese War of 1 ...

Japanese cruiser Akitsushima was a protected cruiser of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), designed and built by the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal in Japan. The name ''Akitsushima'' comes from an archaic name for Japan, as used in the ancient chronicle '' Kojiki''. Background ''A ...

Japanese cruiser Azuma (sometimes transliterated (archaically) as ''Adzuma'') was an armored cruiser (''Sōkō jun'yōkan'') built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the late 1890s. As Japan lacked the industrial capacity to build such warships herself, the sh ...

* Japanese cruiser Chihaya *

Japanese cruiser Chiyoda was a cruiser of the Imperial Japanese Navy, which served in the First Sino-Japanese War, Russo-Japanese War and World War I. Background ''Chiyoda'' was ordered by the Meiji government as a replacement for the ill-fated , and paid for with i ...

* Japanese cruiser Miyako *

Japanese cruiser Soya was a protected cruiser in the Imperial Japanese Navy, acquired as a prize of war during the Russo-Japanese War from the Imperial Russian Navy, where it had been known as . Background ''Varyag'' was built in the United States by William Cramp & ...

Japanese cruiser Takasago was a protected cruiser of the Imperial Japanese Navy, designed and built by the Armstrong Whitworth shipyards in Elswick, in the United Kingdom. The name ''Takasago'' derives from a location in Hyōgo Prefecture, near Kobe. Background ''T ...

* Japanese cruiser Tatsuta (1894) *

Japanese cruiser Yaeyama was an unprotected cruiser of the Imperial Japanese Navy. The name ''Yaeyama'' comes from the Yaeyama Islands, the southernmost of the three island groups making up current Okinawa prefecture. ''Yaeyama'' was used by the Imperial Japanese Navy p ...

Japanese cruiser Yakumo was an armored cruiser (''Sōkō jun'yōkan'') built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the late 1890s. As Japan lacked the industrial capacity to build such warships herself, the ship was built in Germany. She participated in most of the ...

Japanese cruiser Yoshino was a protected cruiser of the Imperial Japanese Navy. ''Yoshino'' is sometimes regarded as a sister ship to , although the two vessels are of different classes. The name ''Yoshino'' comes from the Yoshino mountains, located in the southern po ...

* Japanese gunboat Oshima *

Japanese ironclad Fusō was a central-battery ironclad built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the 1870s. She was built in the United Kingdom because such ships could not yet be constructed in Japan. The ship participated in the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894 ...

* Japanese submarine tender Karasaki

Polish service

Polish Hotchkiss guns named the wz.1885 gun, were used on first ships of the Polish Navy, received after World War I, like ex-German torpedo boats and minesweepers. By the time of World War II most had been replaced on naval ships but several stored guns were used in combat on improvised stationary mounts by

Land Coastal Defence Land Coastal Defence (or Land Coastal Command, pl, Lądowa Obrona Wybrzeża, abbr. LOW), commanded by Colonel Stanisław Dąbek (land forces), was an important unit tasked with the defence of Poland's Baltic Sea coast during the 1939 invasion. ...

units in the Battle of Kępa Oksywska in September 1939.

Romanian service

The

Romanian Navy The Romanian Navy ( ro, Forțele Navale Române) is the navy branch of the Romanian Armed Forces; it operates in the Black Sea and on the Danube. It traces its history back to 1860. History The Romanian Navy was founded in 1860 as a river flo ...

used the Škoda-produced version of the gun. The gun was used as secondary and later tertiary armament on the Romanian monitors of the ''

Mihail Kogălniceanu Mihail Kogălniceanu (; also known as Mihail Cogâlniceanu, Michel de Kogalnitchan; September 6, 1817 – July 1, 1891) was a Romanian liberal statesman, lawyer, historian and publicist; he became Prime Minister of Romania on October 11, 1863, ...

'' class. It also served as the main armament of the ''Căpitan Nicolae Lascăr Bogdan'' class of armored multi-purpose boats, each of the 8 boats carrying one gun.

Russian service

Russia adopted the Hotchkiss 3-pounder 5-barrel revolver cannon in the 1880s, and later adopted the less complicated single-barrel 43 caliber quick-firing weapon. The 5-barrel guns were equipped on the Ekaterina II-class battleships commissioned in 1889 but by 1892 the battleship ''Dvenadsat Apostolov'' and her successors had single-barrel weapons. In 1888 licensed production of a Russian variant started at the

Obukhov State Plant Obukhov State Plant (also known Obukhovski Plant, russian: Государственный Обуховский Завод, Gosudarstvennyy Obukhovskiy Zavod) is a major Russian metallurgy and heavy machine-building plant in St. Petersburg, Russi ...

. During the Russo-Japanese War, ships of both sides were armed with Hotchkiss 3-pounders, which were found to be ineffective against Japanese torpedo boats and were removed from first-line warships after the war. The ''Evstafi'' class, commissioned in 1910 ceased carrying the weapon but they were later fitted to patrol vessels and river craft during

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...

and at least 62 weapons were converted to

anti-aircraft Anti-aircraft warfare, counter-air or air defence forces is the battlespace response to aerial warfare, defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action".AAP-6 It includes surface based ...

guns by 1917. Russian ships armed with 3-pounder guns include: * Admiral Ushakov-class coastal defense ships * Amur-class minelayers *

Bayan-class cruiser The ''Bayan'' class was a group of four armored cruisers built for the Imperial Russian Navy around the beginning of the 20th century. Two of the ships were built in France, as Russian shipyards had no spare capacity. The lead ship, , was built se ...

s * Bogatyr-class cruisers *

Borodino-class battleship The ''Borodino''-class battleships were a group of five pre-dreadnought battleships built for the Imperial Russian Navy around the end of the 19th century. Their design was based on that of the French-built modified to use Russian equipment. T ...

s * Derzky-class destroyers *

Izumrud-class cruiser The ''Izumrud'' class were a group of two protected cruisers built for the Imperial Russian Navy. The two ships ''Izumrud'' ("emerald") and ''Zhemchug'' ("pearl"), were copies of newly designed cruiser, , that was built at the Schichau yard in Da ...

s *

Peresvet-class battleship The ''Peresvet'' class was a group of three pre-dreadnought battleships built for the Imperial Russian Navy around the end of the 19th century. and were transferred to the Pacific Squadron upon completion and based at Port Arthur from 1901 ...

s *

Petropavlovsk-class battleship The ''Petropavlovsk'' class, sometimes referred to as the ''Poltava'' class, was a group of three pre-dreadnought battleships built for the Imperial Russian Navy during the 1890s. They were transferred to the Pacific Squadron shortly after thei ...

s *

Russian battleship Navarin ''Navarin'' (russian: Наварин) was a pre-dreadnought battleship built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the late 1880s and early 1890s. The ship was assigned to the Baltic Fleet and spent the early part of her career deployed in the Medit ...

* Russian battleship Potemkin *

Russian battleship Retvizan ''Retvizan'' (russian: Ретвизан) was a pre-dreadnought battleship built before the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905 for the Imperial Russian Navy. She was built by the American William Cramp & Sons because Russian shipyards were alrea ...

Russian battleship Rostislav Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...

Russian battleship Sissoi Veliky ''Sissoi Veliky'' (''russian: Сисой Великий'') was a pre-dreadnought battleship built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the 1890s. The ship's construction was marred by organizational, logistical and engineering problems and dragged o ...

Russian battleship Tri Sviatitelia } ''Tri Sviatitelia'' (russian: Три Святителя, meaning the Three Holy Hierarchs) was a pre-dreadnought battleship built for the Imperial Russian Navy during the 1890s. She served with the Black Sea Fleet and was flagship of the force ...

* Russian battleship Tsesarevich * Russian cruiser ''Admiral Kornilov'' *

Russian cruiser Admiral Nakhimov (1885) ''Admiral Nakhimov'' (russian: italic=yes, Адмирал Нахимов), was an armoured cruiser in the Imperial Russian Navy during the Russo-Japanese War. She was named after Admiral Pavel Nakhimov. Construction ''Admiral Nakhimov'' was ord ...

* Russian cruiser Almaz *

Russian cruiser Askold ''Askold'' (russian: Аскольд) was a protected cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy. She was named after the legendary Varangian Askold. Her thin, narrow hull and maximum speed of were considered impressive for the time. ''Askold ...

* Russian cruiser Boyarin *

Russian cruiser Gromoboi } ''Gromoboi'' (russian: Громобой, meaning: "Thunderer") was an armoured cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the late 1890s. She was designed as a long-range commerce raider and served as such during the Russo-Japanese War o ...

Russian cruiser Pamiat Azova ''Pamiat Azova'' (russian: Память Азовa) was a unique armoured cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the late 1880s. She was decommissioned from front line service in 1909, converted into a depot ship and sunk by British torpedo ...

Russian cruiser Rossia } ''Rossia'' (russian: Россия) was an armored cruiser of the Imperial Russian Navy built in the 1890s. She was designed as a long-range commerce raider and served as such during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05. She was based in Vladivo ...

Russian cruiser Rurik (1892) ''Rurik'' (russian: Рюрик) was an armoured cruiser built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the early 1890s. She was named in honour of Rurik, the semi-legendary founder of ancient Russia. She was sunk at the Battle of Ulsan in the Russo-Japa ...

* Russian cruiser Rurik (1906) * Russian cruiser Svetlana * Russian cruiser Varyag * Russian cruiser Vladimir Monomakh *

Russian yacht Standart The ''Standart'' was an Imperial Russian yacht serving Emperor Nicholas II and his family, being in her time (late 19th/early 20th century) the largest Imperial Yacht afloat. After the Russian Revolution the ship was placed in drydock until 1936, ...

United Kingdom service

In 1886 this gun was the first of the modern Quick-firing (QF) artillery to be adopted by the

Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against Fr ...

as the built under licence by the

Elswick Ordnance Company The Elswick Ordnance Company (sometimes referred to as Elswick Ordnance Works, but usually as "EOC") was a British armaments manufacturing company of the late 19th and early 20th century History Originally created in 1859 to separate William A ...

. By the middle of World War I the Hotchkiss gun was obsolescent and was gradually replaced by the more powerful

Ordnance QF 3 pounder Vickers The Ordnance QF 3-pounder Vickers (47 mm / L50) was a British artillery piece first tested in Britain in 1903. It was used on Royal Navy warships. It was more powerful than and unrelated to the older QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss, with a propell ...

gun. Of the 2,950 produced it is estimated that 1,948 were still available in 1939 for RN use. The availability, simplicity and light weight of the gun kept it in use in small vessels and many were later brought back into service on merchant vessels used for auxiliary duties in

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...

or as

saluting gun A salute is usually a formal hand gesture or other action used to display respect in military situations. Salutes are primarily associated with the military and law enforcement, but many civilian organizations, such as Girl Guides, Boy Sco ...

s and sub-calibre guns for gunnery practice until the 1950s. Early in WWII, it was also pressed into service in ports around the British Empire, to defend against possible incursions by motor torpedo boats, until the modern

QF 6 pounder 10 cwt gun The British QF (quick-firing) 6-pounder 10 cwt gun"6 pounder" refers to the approximate weight of projectiles, which was a traditional British way of denoting small guns. "10 cwt" referred to the approximate weight of the gun and breech in cwt (h ...

became available. Two, brought from Gibraltar in the late 1990s, are still in use on Victory Green in the Falkland Islands for saluting purposes. Royal Navy ships armed with QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss guns included: * Admiral-class ironclads * Adventure-class cruisers * Alert-class sloops *

Arrogant-class cruiser The ''Arrogant''-class cruiser was a class of four protected cruisers built for the British Royal Navy at the end of the 1890s. One ship, , was lost following a collision with a merchant ship in 1908, while saw active service in the First Wor ...

s *

Astraea-class cruiser The ''Astraea'' class was an eight ship class of protected cruisers built for the Royal Navy during the 1890s. The ships served on a number of foreign stations during their careers, particularly in the waters of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, an ...

s *

Blake-class cruiser The ''Blake'' class was a two-ship class of first-class protected cruiser built around 1890 for the Royal Navy. Design The ''Blake'' class were designed under the supervision of William White, shortly after he had become Director of Naval C ...

s * Bramble-class gunboats *

C-class cruiser The C class was a group of twenty-eight light cruisers of the Royal Navy, and were built in a sequence of seven groups known as the ''Caroline'' class (six ships), the ''Calliope'' class (two ships), the ''Cambrian'' class (four ships), the ' ...

s *

Cadmus-class sloop The ''Cadmus'' class was a six-ship class of 10-gun screw steel sloops built at Sheerness Dockyard for the Royal Navy between 1900 and 1903. This was the last class of the Victorian Navy's multitude of sloops, gunvessels and gunboats to be constr ...

s *

Canopus-class battleship The ''Canopus'' class was a group of six pre-dreadnought battleships of the British Royal Navy built in the late 1890s. The ships were designed by the Director of Naval Construction, William White, for use on the China Station. The class com ...

s *

Centurion-class battleship The ''Centurion''-class battleships were a pair of pre-dreadnought battleships built for the Royal Navy in the 1890s. They were rated as second-class battleships because they were less heavily armed and armoured than the first-class battleshi ...

s * Challenger-class cruisers * Colossus-class battleships * Condor-class sloops *

Conqueror-class monitor The ''Conqueror'' class battleships were ironclad warships which served in the Victorian Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the ear ...

s * Cressy-class cruisers * Cyclops-class monitors *

Devastation-class ironclad The two British ''Devastation''-class battleships of the 1870s, and , were the first class of ocean-going capital ship that did not carry sails, and the first which mounted the entire main armament on top of the hull rather than inside it. The ...

s * Devonshire-class cruisers *

Diadem-class cruiser The ''Diadem''-class cruiser was a class of "first class" protected cruiser built for the Royal Navy during the 1890s that served in the First World War. The class consisted of eight ships, built at a cost of around £600,000 each. They were ...

s *

Drake-class cruiser The ''Drake'' class was a four-ship class of armoured cruisers built around 1900 for the Royal Navy. Design and description The ''Drake'' class were enlarged and improved versions of the designed by Sir William White, Chief Constructor of th ...

s *

Duncan-class battleship The ''Duncan'' class was a class of six pre-dreadnought battleships built for the Royal Navy in the early 1900s. The six ships—, , , , , and —were ordered in response to Russian naval building, specifically the fast second-class battleship ...

s * Eclipse-class cruisers *

Formidable-class battleship The ''Formidable'' class of battleships were a three-ship class of pre-dreadnoughts designed by Sir William White and built for the Royal Navy in the late 1890s. The class comprised , , and . They were armed with a battery of four guns, the ...

s * Forward-class cruisers * Gorgon-class monitors * Highflyer-class cruisers *

King Edward VII-class battleship The ''King Edward VII'' class was a class of eight pre-dreadnought battleships launched by the Royal Navy between 1903 and 1905. The class comprised , the lead ship, , , , , , , and . They marked the first major development of the basic pre- ...

s * King George V-class battleships * Lord Nelson-class battleships *

Majestic-class battleship The ''Majestic'' class of nine pre-dreadnought battleships were built for the Royal Navy in the mid-1890s under the Spencer Programme, named after the First Lord of the Admiralty, John Poyntz Spencer. With nine units commissioned, they were ...

s *

Marathon-class cruiser The ''Marathon''-class cruiser was a class of second class cruiser of the Royal Navy ordered under the naval programme of 1887. The class was a smaller version of the . Three of the ships, ''Melpomene'', ''Magicienne'' and ''Marathon'', were ...

s * Monarch-class coastal defense ships *

Monmouth-class cruiser The ''Monmouth'' class was a ten-ship class of 10,000-ton armoured cruisers built around 1901 to 1903 for the Royal Navy and designed specifically for commerce protection. The ships were also referred to as County class cruisers as they carried ...

s *

Orion-class battleship The ''Orion''-class battleships were a group of four dreadnought battleships built for the Royal Navy (RN) in the early 1910s. The first battleships built for the RN, they were much larger than the preceding British dreadnoughts and were some ...

s *

Orlando-class cruiser The ''Orlando'' class was a seven ship class of Royal Navy armoured cruisers The armored cruiser was a type of warship of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was designed like other types of cruisers to operate as a long-range, inde ...

s *

Pathfinder-class cruiser The ''Pathfinder''-class cruisers were a pair of scout cruisers built for the Royal Navy in the first decade of the 20th century. The sister ships spent much of the first decade of their careers in reserve. When the First World War began in A ...

s * Pearl-class cruisers *

Pelorus-class cruiser The ''Pelorus''-class cruiser was a "third-class" protected cruiser designed by William Henry White, Sir William White (Director of Naval Construction 1885 – 1902) for the Royal Navy, based on the earlier Pearl-class cruiser, ''Pearl''-class c ...

s * Phoenix-class sloops *

Powerful-class cruiser The ''Powerful'' class were a pair of first-class protected cruisers built for the Royal Navy (RN) in the 1890s, designed to hunt down enemy commerce raiders. Both ships served on the China Station and participated in the Second Boer War of 1 ...

s *

Redbreast-class gunboat The ''Redbreast'' class comprised nine first-class screw-driven composite gunboats built for the Royal Navy in 1889, mounting six guns. Construction Design The ''Redbreast'' class were designed by Sir William Henry White, the Royal Navy Dire ...

s * Royal Sovereign-class battleships * Sentinel-class cruisers * Topaze-class cruisers *

Trafalgar-class ironclad The two ''Trafalgar''-class battleships of the British Royal Navy were late-nineteenth-century ironclad warships. Both were named after naval battles won by the British during the Napoleonic Wars under the command of Admiral Nelson. The two shi ...

United States service

The

US Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the maritime service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. It is the largest and most powerful navy in the world, with the estimated tonnage ...

used several types of 3-pounder guns from multiple manufacturers and it is difficult to determine from references which type a particular ship carried.

Hotchkiss Hotchkiss may refer to: Places Canada * Hotchkiss, Alberta * Hotchkiss, Calgary United States * Hotchkiss, Colorado * Hotchkiss, Virginia * Hotchkiss, West Virginia Business and industry * Hotchkiss (car), a French automobile manufacturer ...

3-pounder 5-barrel revolving cannons were used, along with single-barrel quick-firing single-shot Hotchkiss 3-pounders. Both are called rapid-firing (RF) in references. Ships on both sides in the Spanish–American War were armed with Hotchkiss 3-pounders. By 1910 the US was building the

dreadnought The dreadnought (alternatively spelled dreadnaught) was the predominant type of battleship in the early 20th century. The first of the kind, the Royal Navy's , had such an impact when launched in 1906 that similar battleships built after her ...

-type ''South Carolina'' class, with a secondary armament composed entirely of 3-inch (76 mm) guns. Although removed from first-line warships by World War I, some 3-pounders were fitted on patrol vessels, with a few weapons serving on those ships through World War II. * Amphitrite-class monitors * Asheville-class gunboats * Chester-class cruisers *

Columbia-class cruiser The ''Columbia''-class cruisers were two protected cruisers constructed in 1890 and 1891 and used by the United States Navy.Bauer and Roberts, p. 145 They were lightly gunned ships with only moderate armor that were built for the speed needed t ...

s * Connecticut-class battleships *

Delaware-class battleship The ''Delaware''-class battleships of the United States Navy were the second class of American dreadnoughts. With this class, the limit imposed on capital ships by the United States Congress was waived, which allowed designers at the Navy's Bur ...

s *

Maine-class battleship The three ''Maine''-class battleships—, , and —were built at the turn of the 20th century for the United States Navy. Based on the preceding , they incorporated several significant technological advances over the earlier ships. They were th ...

s * Mississippi-class battleships *

New Orleans-class cruisers New is an adjective referring to something recently made, discovered, or created. New or NEW may refer to: Music * New, singer of K-pop group The Boyz Albums and EPs * ''New'' (album), by Paul McCartney, 2013 * ''New'' (EP), by Regurgitator, ...

New York-class battleship The ''New York'' class was a pair of super-dreadnought battleships built for the United States Navy between 1911 and 1914. The two ships of the class, and , saw extensive service beginning in the occupation of Veracruz, World War I, and World ...

s * Northampton-class cruisers * Pennsylvania-class cruisers *

Pensacola-class cruiser The ''Pensacola'' class was a class of United States Navy heavy cruiser, the first "treaty cruisers" designed under the limitations set by the Washington Naval Treaty, which limited cruisers to a maximum of displacement and a maximum main batte ...

s *

Portland-class cruiser The ''Portland'' class of heavy cruisers was a class of ships designed and constructed by the United States Navy in 1930. The two ships of the class, and , saw extensive service during the Pacific War in World War II. Designed as a modificati ...

s * South Carolina-class battleships * St. Louis-class cruisers *

Tennessee-class cruiser The ''Tennessee''-class cruisers were four armored cruisers built for the United States Navy between 1903 and 1906. Their main armament of four guns in twin turrets was the heaviest carried by any American armored cruiser. Their armor was thinn ...

s *

Virginia-class battleship The ''Virginia'' class of pre-dreadnought battleships were built for the United States Navy in the early 1900s. The class comprised five ships: , , , , and . The ships carried a mixed-caliber offensive battery of four and eight guns; these we ...

s * Willmington-class gunboats *

Wyoming-class battleship The ''Wyoming'' class was a pair of dreadnought battleships built for the United States Navy. and were authorized in early 1909, and were built between 1910 and 1912. These were the fourth dreadnought design of the US Navy, but only an incre ...

s * Yorktown-class gunboats * * * * * * * * * * *

Ammunition

The most common types of ammunition available for 3-pounder guns were low yield Steel shells and common lyddite shells. In World War II higher yield

high explosive An explosive (or explosive material) is a reactive substance that contains a great amount of potential energy that can produce an explosion if released suddenly, usually accompanied by the production of light, heat, sound, and pressure. An ...

rounds were produced.

Photo gallery

File:Canon de 47mm.jpg, Model of gun in French service on "elastic frame" mounting (affût-crinoline), at the

Musée national de la Marine The Musée national de la Marine (National Navy Museum) is a maritime museum located in the Palais de Chaillot, Trocadéro, in the 16th arrondissement of Paris. It has annexes at Brest, Port-Louis, Rochefort ( Musée National de la Marine de ...

Paris. File:Noon-day Gun Hong Kong clip.JPG, The Noonday gun at

Causeway Bay Causeway Bay is an area and a bay on Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong, straddling the border of the Eastern and the Wan Chai districts. It is a major shopping, leisure and cultural centre in Hong Kong, with a number of major shopping centres. Th ...

, Hong Kong File:Flickr - El coleccionista de instantes - Fotos La Fragata A.R.A. "Libertad" de la armada argentina en Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (28).jpg, Two of the four operational QF 3 pounder Hotchkiss cannons aboard File:47mm Russian Hotchkiss gun on field carriage.JPG, Russian Hotchkiss gun on a field carriage. Military-historical Museum of Artillery, Engineer and Signal Corps. St. Petersburg Russia. File:QF3pdrHotchkissSydney1942.jpeg, A 3-pounder coastal-defense gun at

Port Jackson Port Jackson, consisting of the waters of Sydney Harbour, Middle Harbour, North Harbour and the Lane Cove and Parramatta Rivers, is the ria or natural harbour of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The harbour is an inlet of the Tasman S ...

1942. File:Renault anti-aircraft 01.jpg, A Russian 3-pounder on a Renault armored car 1917. File:Rossiya1895-1922guns.jpg, The Imperial Russian cruiser Rossia. 3-pounders at the bottom left/right. File:3pdron90mmcarriage.jpg, A French 3-pounder on a 90 mm gun carriage.

Surviving examples

* The Jardines Noonday gun at

Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a List of cities in China, city and Special administrative regions of China, special ...

. * A gun at the

Royal Queensland Yacht Squadron The Royal Queensland Yacht Squadron is a Squadron (not a club which is reflected in its support for all things sailing) in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. History The Queensland Yacht Squadron was founded in 1885, received royal charter in ...

, Manly, Queensland, Australia. * Two guns on "elastic frame" mounting in the Casemate de l'Aschenbach, Uffheim, Haut-Rhin, France. * A saluting battery of multiple guns at

Fort Queenscliff Fort Queenscliff, in Victoria, Australia, dates from 1860 when an open battery was constructed on Shortland's Bluff to defend the entrance to Port Phillip. The Fort, which underwent major redevelopment in the late 1870s and 1880s, became the he ...

, Victoria, Australia. * Four guns on the

tall ship A tall ship is a large, traditionally- rigged sailing vessel. Popular modern tall ship rigs include topsail schooners, brigantines, brigs and barques. "Tall ship" can also be defined more specifically by an organization, such as for a race or f ...

''Libertad'', which serves as a

school ship A training ship is a ship used to train students as sailors. The term is mostly used to describe ships employed by navies to train future officers. Essentially there are two types: those used for training at sea and old hulks used to house class ...

in the

Argentine Navy The Argentine Navy (ARA; es, Armada de la República Argentina). This forms the basis for the navy's ship prefix "ARA". is the navy of Argentina. It is one of the three branches of the Armed Forces of the Argentine Republic, together with th ...

; all fully operational as saluting battery or multipurpose defense.Jane's Fighting Ships 2005–2006 * 3 guns used for ceremonial purposes at . *

National Museum of the United States Navy The National Museum of the United States Navy, or U.S. Navy Museum for short, is the flagship museum of the United States Navy and is located in the former Breech Mechanism Shop of the old Naval Gun Factory on the grounds of the Washington Navy Y ...

has one on display with 1910 brass gun sight and slide manufactured at the

Naval Gun Factory A navy, naval force, or maritime force is the branch of a nation's armed forces principally designated for naval warfare, naval and amphibious warfare; namely, lake-borne, riverine, littoral zone, littoral, or ocean-borne combat operations and ...

Weapons of comparable role, performance and era

QF 3 pounder Nordenfelt The QF 3-pounder Nordenfelt was a light 47 mm quick-firing naval gun and coast defence gun of the late 19th century used by many countries. United Kingdom The United Kingdom only deployed this gun for coast defence, and soon discarded it ...

: Nordenfelt equivalent * QF 3 pounder Vickers : Vickers equivalent *

5 cm SK L/40 gun The 5 cm SK L/40 gunSK - ''Schnelladekanone'' (quick loading cannon); ''L - Länge in Kaliber'' ( length in caliber) was a German naval gun used in World War I and World War II. Service The 5 cm SK L/40 gun was primarily used as an ...

: German equivalent

Licensed production

Skoda Works Škoda means ''pity'' in the Czech and Slovak languages. It may also refer to: Czech brands and enterprises * Škoda Auto, automobile and previously bicycle manufacturer in Mladá Boleslav ** Škoda Motorsport, the division of Škoda Auto respons ...

William Cramp & Sons William Cramp & Sons Shipbuilding Company (also known as William Cramp & Sons Ship & Engine Building Company) of Philadelphia was founded in 1830 by William Cramp, and was the preeminent U.S. iron shipbuilder of the late 19th century. Company hi ...

Wars

First Sino-Japanese War The First Sino-Japanese War (25 July 1894 – 17 April 1895) was a conflict between China and Japan primarily over influence in Korea. After more than six months of unbroken successes by Japanese land and naval forces and the loss of the p ...

Spanish–American War , partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence , image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg , image_size = 300px , caption = (clock ...

Italo-Turkish War The Italo-Turkish or Turco-Italian War ( tr, Trablusgarp Savaşı, "Tripolitanian War", it, Guerra di Libia, "War of Libya") was fought between the Kingdom of Italy and the Ottoman Empire from 29 September 1911, to 18 October 1912. As a result o ...

First Balkan War The First Balkan War ( sr, Први балкански рат, ''Prvi balkanski rat''; bg, Балканска война; el, Αʹ Βαλκανικός πόλεμος; tr, Birinci Balkan Savaşı) lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and invo ...

Second Balkan War The Second Balkan War was a conflict which broke out when Bulgaria, dissatisfied with its share of the spoils of the First Balkan War, attacked its former allies, Serbia and Greece, on 16 ( O.S.) / 29 (N.S.) June 1913. Serbian and Greek armies ...

Winter War The Winter War,, sv, Vinterkriget, rus, Зи́мняя война́, r=Zimnyaya voyna. The names Soviet–Finnish War 1939–1940 (russian: link=no, Сове́тско-финская война́ 1939–1940) and Soviet–Finland War 1 ...

Users

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Notes

References

* * * *

External links

Handbook of the 3 pounder Hotchkiss quick-firing gun Land service 1892, 1900
at State Library of Victoria
Handbook for Hotchkiss 6-pr and 3-pr. quick-firing guns 1896
at State Library of Victoria * Tony DiGiulian

* ttp://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNUS_3pounder_m1.htm DiGiulian, Tony, US 3-pounders
DiGiulian, Tony, Russian Hotchkiss 3-pounders
{{DEFAULTSORT:QF 03 pounder Hotchkiss 47 mm artillery Naval guns of France Naval guns of the United Kingdom Victorian-era weapons of the United Kingdom Coastal artillery Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1886 World War I naval weapons of the United Kingdom Naval guns of the United States Russo-Japanese war weapons of Russia Russo-Japanese war weapons of Japan