Qutb al-Din Mohammad — was Qutlughanid ruler of

Kerman Kerman ( fa, كرمان, Kermân ; also romanization of Persian, romanized as Kermun and Karmana), known in ancient times as the satrapy of Carmania, is the capital city of Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2011 census, its population was 821,394, in ...

and a nephew of

Buraq Hajib Buraq Hajib, also spelt Baraq Hajib (died 1234), Mernissi, Fatima; Mary Jo Lakeland (2003). The forgotten queens of Islam. Oxford University Press. . was a Khitan who founded the Qutlugh-Khanid dynasty in the southern Persian province of Kirman ...

, founder of dynasty.

Life

He was a son of Hamīd Pur (or Khan Temür), thus a nephew of

. His father was an

emir Emir (; ar, أمير ' ), sometimes transliterated amir, amier, or ameer, is a word of Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person possessing actual or cerem ...

in service of Khwarazmshah dynasty, who served as commander of

Bukhara Bukhara (Uzbek language, Uzbek: /, ; tg, Бухоро, ) is the List of cities in Uzbekistan, seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan, with a population of 280,187 , and the capital of Bukhara Region. People have inhabited the region around Bukhara ...

in c. 1220.

First reign and exile

He succeeded his uncle

in 1235 and married

Kutlugh Turkan Kutlugh Turkan (c.1208/1213 – 1283), was a ruler of Kirman from 1257 until 1282. Early life Different accounts exist regarding her early life. According to "History of Qara-Khitai Shahs" (''Tāriḵ-e šāhi-e Qarāḵtāʾiān'') by anony ...

on 5 September 1235. However, his reign was very short as he was quickly replaced by his cousin Rukn al-Din on the order of

Ögedei Khan Ögedei Khagan (also Ogodei;, Mongolian: ''Ögedei'', ''Ögüdei''; – 11 December 1241) was second khagan-emperor of the Mongol Empire. The third son of Genghis Khan, he continued the expansion of the empire that his father had begun. ...

. He left for

Mongolia Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of , with a population of just 3.3 million, ...

through

Shahdad Shahdad ( fa, شهداد, also Romanized as Shahdād; formerly, Khabīs) is a city and capital of Shahdad District, in Kerman County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 4,097, in 1,010 families. District Shahdad is t ...

Zozan Zozan ( fa, زوزن; also Romanized as Zūzan and Rūzān) is a village in Jolgeh Zozan District, Khaf County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 2,183, in 479 families. Zozan was the site of an ancient city ...

route and was ordered to join

Mahmud Yalavach Mahmud Yalavach was a MuslimGenghis Khan: Conqueror of the World By Leo De Hartog, pg. 85 administrator in the Mongol Empire who ruled over Turkestan as governor and eventually went on to be mayor of Taidu (now Beijing). He was a Khorezmian merch ...

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

as soon as he arrived. He was present at

Güyük Khan Güyük (also Güyug;; ''c''. March 19, 1206 – April 20, 1248) was the third Khagan-Emperor of the Mongol Empire, the eldest son of Ögedei Khan and a grandson of Genghis Khan. He reigned from 1246 to 1248. Appearance According to Giovann ...

's election in 1246, from whom he asked to be recognized as ruler of Kirman once again. However, this was discouraged by Güyük's trusted advisor Chinqai ( 镇海) who was a tutor to Rukn al-Din previously.

Second reign

His aspiration to rule Kirman again was realized after Güyük's and Chinqai's subsequent deaths in 1251. He acquired ''

yarligh A jarlig ( mn, зарлиг, zarlig; russian: ярлык, ''jarlyk'', also transliterated yarlyk in Russian and Turkic, or even more correctly yarlıq, and the Tatar: yarlığ) is an edict or written commandant of Mongol and Chinggisid rulers' ...

'' from

Möngke Khan Möngke ( mn, ' / Мөнх '; ; 11 January 1209 – 11 August 1259) was the fourth khagan-emperor of the Mongol Empire, ruling from 1 July 1251, to 11 August 1259. He was the first Khagan from the Toluid line, and made significant reforms ...

to rule Kerman same year. As the result, Rukn al-Din fled to his nephew Salghur shah - Atabeg of Yazd with his mother Uka Khatun in 1252, later getting into contact with Caliph

al-Mustasim Abu Ahmad Abdallah ibn al-Mustansir Billah (; 1213 – 20 February 1258), better known by his regnal name al-Musta'sim Billah ( ar, المستعصم بالله, al-Mustaʿṣim billāh, label=none) was the 37th and last caliph of the Abbasid dynas ...

. When Möngke heard of this treason thanks to a commander named Buqa, he authorised Qutb al-Din to execute his cousin. Sometime later he suppressed a rebellion by a person claiming to be Jalal ad-Din. He was confirmed as a vassal to

Hulagu Khan Hulagu Khan, also known as Hülegü or Hulegu ( mn, Хүлэгү/ , lit=Surplus, translit=Hu’legu’/Qülegü; chg, ; Arabic: fa, هولاکو خان, ''Holâku Khân;'' ; 8 February 1265), was a Mongol ruler who conquered much of West ...

and made many visits to his court. He died in 1257/1258 and was succeeded by his wife

Family

He was married to

(or Khan Turkan, a daughter of

), but had other sons from different wives and concubines:{{Cite book, url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780203417874, title=Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance, last=Lane, first=George E., date=2003-09-01, publisher=Routledge, isbn=9780203417874, edition=1, pages=97, language=en, doi=10.4324/9780203417874 * Muzaffar al-Din Hajjaj Sultan (with Kutlugh Turkan) * Jalal al-Din Suyurgatmish *

Padishah Khatun Safwat al-Din Khatun (1256–1295), otherwise known as Padishah Khatun, was the ruler of Kirman from 1292 until 1295 as a member of the Mongol vassal Qutlugh-Khanid dynasty in Persia. Life She was born in 1256, as the youngest da ...

(with Kutlugh Turkan) — married to

Abaqa Abaqa Khan (27 February 1234 – 4 April 1282, mn, Абаха/Абага хан (Khalkha Cyrillic), ( Traditional script), "paternal uncle", also transliterated Abaġa), was the second Mongol ruler (''Ilkhan'') of the Ilkhanate. The son of Hul ...

, then

Gaykhatu Gaykhatu ( Mongolian script:; ) was the fifth Ilkhanate ruler in Iran. He reigned from 1291 to 1295. His Buddhist baghshi gave him the Tibetan name Rinchindorj () which appeared on his paper money. Early life He was born to Abaqa and Nukdan ...

. * Bibi Turkan (with Kutlugh Turkan) — married Adud al-Din Amir Hajji, then Shams al-Din b. Malik Tazigu * Ordu Kutlugh (full sister of Suyurgatmish) — married to

Baydu Baydu (Mongolian script:; ) (died 1295) was the sixth ruler of the Mongol empire's Ilkhanate division in Iran. He was the son of Taraqai, who was in turn the fifth son of Hulagu Khan.Stevens, John. ''The history of Persia. Containing, the lives and ...

. * Yul Kutlugh — married to Malikshah b. Sam

References

1257 deaths 13th century in Iran 13th-century Khitan rulers Qutlugh-Khanids