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Quirino, officially the Province of Quirino ( ilo, Probinsia ti Quirino; tl, Lalawigan ng Quirino), is a landlocked
province A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or sovereign state, state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''Roman province, provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire ...
in the Philippines located in the
Cagayan Valley Cagayan Valley ( ilo, Tanap ti Cagayan; fil, Lambak ng Cagayan), is an administrative region in the Philippines, located in the northeastern section of Luzon Island. It is composed of five Philippine provinces: Batanes, Cagayan, Isabela, Nue ...
region In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as zones, lands or territories, are areas that are broadly divided by physical characteristics (physical geography), human impact characteristics (human geography), and the interaction of humanity and t ...
in
Luzon Luzon (; ) is the largest and most populous island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the Philippines archipelago, it is the economic and political center of the nation, being home to the country's capital city, Manila, as ...
. Its capital is
Cabarroguis Cabarroguis, officially the Municipality of Cabarroguis ( ilo, Ili ti Cabarroguis; tl, Bayan ng Cabarroguis), is a 3rd class municipality of the Philippines, municipality and capital of the Philippine Province, province of Quirino, Philippines. A ...
. It is named after
Elpidio Quirino Elpidio Rivera Quirino (born Elpidio Quirino y Rivera; ; November 16, 1890 – February 29, 1956) was a Filipino lawyer and politician who served as the sixth president of the Philippines from 1948 to 1953. A lawyer by profession, Quirino enter ...
, the sixth
President of the Philippines The president of the Philippines ( fil, Pangulo ng Pilipinas, sometimes referred to as ''Presidente ng Pilipinas'') is the head of state, head of government and chief executive of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of t ...
. The province borders
Aurora An aurora (plural: auroras or aurorae), also commonly known as the polar lights, is a natural light display in Earth's sky, predominantly seen in high-latitude regions (around the Arctic and Antarctic). Auroras display dynamic patterns of bri ...
to the southeast,
Nueva Vizcaya Nueva Vizcaya, officially the Province of Nueva Vizcaya ( ilo, Probinsia ti Nueva Vizcaya; gad, Probinsia na Nueva Vizcaya; Pangasinan: ''Luyag/Probinsia na Nueva Vizcaya''; tl, Lalawigan ng Nueva Vizcaya ), is a landlocked province in the ...
to the west, and Isabela to the north. Quirino used to be part of the province of Nueva Vizcaya, until it was separated in 1966.


History

Long before its formal creation as an independent province, Quirino was the forest region of the province of
Nueva Vizcaya Nueva Vizcaya, officially the Province of Nueva Vizcaya ( ilo, Probinsia ti Nueva Vizcaya; gad, Probinsia na Nueva Vizcaya; Pangasinan: ''Luyag/Probinsia na Nueva Vizcaya''; tl, Lalawigan ng Nueva Vizcaya ), is a landlocked province in the ...
, inhabited by tribal groups known as the
Negrito The term Negrito () refers to several diverse ethnic groups who inhabit isolated parts of Southeast Asia and the Andaman Islands. Populations often described as Negrito include: the Andamanese peoples (including the Great Andamanese, the Onge, ...
s. They roamed the
hinterlands Hinterland is a German word meaning "the land behind" (a city, a port, or similar). Its use in English was first documented by the geographer George Chisholm in his ''Handbook of Commercial Geography'' (1888). Originally the term was associated ...
and built their huts at the heart of the jungle. On June 18, 1966,
Republic Act This article contains a partial list of Philippine laws. Sources of Philippine laws ;Notes : *Customs may be considered as supplementary source of law, however, customs which are contrary to law, public order or public policy shall not be ...
No. 4734 was enacted, constituting the municipalities of
Diffun Diffun, officially the Municipality of Diffun ( ilo, Ili ti Diffun; tl, Bayan ng Diffun), is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Quirino, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 56,102 people. Commercial establi ...
,
Saguday Saguday, officially the Municipality of Saguday ( ilo, Ili ti Saguday; tl, Bayan ng Saguday), is a 5th class municipality in the province of Quirino, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 17,137 people. Etymology The ...
, Aglipay, and
Maddela Maddela, officially the Municipality of Maddela ( ilo, Ili ti Maddela; tl, Bayan ng Maddela), is a 1st class municipality of the Philippines, municipality in the Philippine Province, province of Quirino, Philippines. According to the 2020 census ...
, all from Nueva Vizcaya province, into a new sub-province to be known as "Quirino", named after the late Philippine President
Elpidio Quirino Elpidio Rivera Quirino (born Elpidio Quirino y Rivera; ; November 16, 1890 – February 29, 1956) was a Filipino lawyer and politician who served as the sixth president of the Philippines from 1948 to 1953. A lawyer by profession, Quirino enter ...
. On June 21, 1969, Republic Act No. 5554 was enacted, amending RA 4734, and creating the municipality of
Cabarroguis Cabarroguis, officially the Municipality of Cabarroguis ( ilo, Ili ti Cabarroguis; tl, Bayan ng Cabarroguis), is a 3rd class municipality of the Philippines, municipality and capital of the Philippine Province, province of Quirino, Philippines. A ...
(now the provincial capital town), which was taken from portions of Diffun, Saguday, and Aglipay. Republic Act No. 6394, authored by then-Congressman Leonardo B. Perez ( Nueva Vizcaya–Lone), was passed on September 10, 1971, further amending RA 5554 and separating the sub-province of Quirino from its mother province, Nueva Vizcaya, constituting it into a regular province. The province of Quirino was formally established on February 10, 1972, upon the assumption to office of the first elected provincial and municipal officials headed by Dionisio Sarandi as Provincial Governor. On February 25, 1983, Batas Pambansa Blg. 345 was enacted, creating within Quirino the municipality of
Nagtipunan Nagtipunan, officially the Municipality of Nagtipunan ( ilo, Ili ti Nagtipunan; tl, Bayan ng Nagtipunan), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Quirino, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 25,399 people. Na ...
, a division of the municipality of
Maddela Maddela, officially the Municipality of Maddela ( ilo, Ili ti Maddela; tl, Bayan ng Maddela), is a 1st class municipality of the Philippines, municipality in the Philippine Province, province of Quirino, Philippines. According to the 2020 census ...
.


Geography

Quirino covers a total area of occupying the southeastern section of the
Cagayan Valley Cagayan Valley ( ilo, Tanap ti Cagayan; fil, Lambak ng Cagayan), is an administrative region in the Philippines, located in the northeastern section of Luzon Island. It is composed of five Philippine provinces: Batanes, Cagayan, Isabela, Nue ...
region. A landlocked province, it is situated within the upper portion of the
Cagayan River The Cagayan River, also known as the Río Grande de Cagayán, is the longest river and the largest river by discharge volume of water in the Philippines. It has a total length of approximately and a drainage basin covering . It is located in t ...
basin and bounded by Isabela on the north, Aurora on the east and southeast, and Nueva Vizcaya on the west and southwest. The
Sierra Madre Sierra Madre (Spanish, 'mother mountain range') may refer to: Places and mountains Mexico *Sierra Madre Occidental, a mountain range in northwestern Mexico and southern Arizona *Sierra Madre Oriental, a mountain range in northeastern Mexico *S ...
mountain range provides a natural barrier on the eastern and southern border of the province and the Namamparang Range on the western part. The province is generally mountainous, with about 80 percent of the total land area covered by mountains and highlands. A large portion of the province lies within the Quirino Protected Landscape.


Climate

The province has a mean annual temperature of . June is generally the warmest month and the wettest months are March to August, with the rest of the year being neither too dry nor too wet. Heavy, sustained rainfall occurs from September to November.


Administrative divisions

Quirino comprises 6
municipalities A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...
, all encompassed by a single legislative district.


Barangays

The 6 municipalities of the province comprise a total of 132
barangay A barangay (; abbreviated as Brgy. or Bgy.), historically referred to as barrio (abbreviated as Bo.), is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district, or ward. In metropolitan ...
s, with ''Gundaway (Poblacion)'' in
Cabarroguis Cabarroguis, officially the Municipality of Cabarroguis ( ilo, Ili ti Cabarroguis; tl, Bayan ng Cabarroguis), is a 3rd class municipality of the Philippines, municipality and capital of the Philippine Province, province of Quirino, Philippines. A ...
as the most populous in 2010, and ''Rang-ayan'' in Aglipay as the least.


Demographics

The population of Quirino in the 2020 census was 203,828 people, with a density of . The major languages are Ilocano and
Ifugao Ifugao, officially the Province of Ifugao ( ilo, Probinsia ti Ifugao; tl, Lalawigan ng Ifugao), is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Lagawe and it borders Benguet to the wes ...
. Other languages are Bungkalot,
Pangasinan Pangasinan, officially the Province of Pangasinan ( pag, Luyag/Probinsia na Pangasinan, ; ilo, Probinsia ti Pangasinan; tl, Lalawigan ng Pangasinan), is a coastal province in the Philippines located in the Ilocos Region of Luzon. Its capit ...
, Kankana-ey, Tagalog, and English.


Religion

Quirino is predominantly
Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...
with 54 percent adherence while
Evangelicals Evangelicalism (), also called evangelical Christianity or evangelical Protestantism, is a worldwide Interdenominationalism, interdenominational movement within Protestantism, Protestant Christianity that affirms the centrality of being "bor ...
and
United Methodist Church The United Methodist Church (UMC) is a worldwide mainline Protestant denomination based in the United States, and a major part of Methodism. In the 19th century, its main predecessor, the Methodist Episcopal Church, was a leader in evangelical ...
serve as significant minorities with up to 20% of the population. Some people still practice indigenous beliefs. Other
Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
s such as the Iglesia ni Cristo (forming more than 5% of the province population), mainline Protestant and Aglipanyan are also well represented. Other religious groups are also have some minor adherents such as
Islam Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ...
.


Economy

Agriculture Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to ...
is the main industry in the province, with rice and corn as major crops. These supply the demand of neighboring provinces and the metropolis. It is the leading producer of banana in the Cagayan Valley region. Banana as well as banana chips are major products sold in Metro Manila and Pampanga. Small scale industries like furniture making, basketry, rattan craft, and dried flower production are prevalent.


Government


References


External links

* *
Official Website of the Provincial Government of Quirino

Local Governance Performance Management System
{{Authority control Provinces of the Philippines States and territories established in 1971 1971 establishments in the Philippines Former sub-provinces of the Philippines