Queen Hyosun (효순왕후 조씨; 8 January 1716 – 30 December 1751), of the Pungyang Jo clan, was the crown princess of
Joseon
Joseon (; ; Middle Korean: 됴ᇢ〯션〮 Dyǒw syéon or 됴ᇢ〯션〯 Dyǒw syěon), officially the Great Joseon (; ), was the last dynastic kingdom of Korea, lasting just over 500 years. It was founded by Yi Seong-gye in July 1392 and re ...
. She married
Crown Prince Hyojang
Crown Prince Hyojang (Hangul: 효장세자, Hanja: 孝章世子; April 4, 1719 – December 16, 1728), personal name Yi Haeng (Hangul: 이행, Hanja: 李緈), was the first son of King Yeongjo of Joseon and his concubine, Royal Noble Consort Jeo ...
, who died one year after the marriage. She was never known by the title queen during her lifetime. Both Hyosun and her husband were posthumously made the adoptive parents of the future
King Jeongjo
Jeongjo of Joseon (28 October 1752 – 18 August 1800), personal name Yi San (Korean: 이산; Hanja: 李祘), sometimes called Jeongjo the Great (Korean: 정조대왕; Hanja: 正祖大王), was the 22nd monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. ...
in 1764, in an attempt to distance the boy from the crimes of his birth father,
Crown Prince Sado
Crown Prince Sado (Hangul: 사도세자, Hanja: 思悼 世子; 13 February 1735 – 12 July 1762), personal name Yi Seon (Hangul: 이선, Hanja: 李愃), was the second son of King Yeongjo of Joseon. His biological mother was Royal Noble ...
. She was posthumously called as Hyosun, the Bright Empress (효순소황후, 孝純昭皇后).
Biography
Hyosun was the daughter of Jo Mun-myeong, a government official aligned with the
Soron faction, and his second wife, who was from the
Jeonju Yi clan
The Jeonju Yi clan () is a Korean clan with the surname Yi. Their Bon-gwan is in Jeonju, North Jeolla Province. The clan includes the former House of Yi which ruled the Joseon dynasty and the Korean Empire.
Their founder was Yi Han (). His des ...
, the royal house of
Joseon
Joseon (; ; Middle Korean: 됴ᇢ〯션〮 Dyǒw syéon or 됴ᇢ〯션〯 Dyǒw syěon), officially the Great Joseon (; ), was the last dynastic kingdom of Korea, lasting just over 500 years. It was founded by Yi Seong-gye in July 1392 and re ...
. She married Crown Prince Hyojang in 1727 when she was 9, on which occasion her father-in-law,
King Yeongjo
Yeongjo of Joseon (31 October 1694 – 22 April 1776), personal name Yi Geum (Korean: 이금, Hanja: 李昑), was the 21st monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. He was the second son of King Sukjong, by his concubine Royal Noble Consort Suk ...
, gifted her a book of instructions that he had written.
Hyosun's husband died of an unknown illness in 1728 when she was 12 years old. She eventually was given the title Hyeonbin or Crown Princess Consort Hyeon (Hangul: 현빈 조씨 , Hanja: 賢嬪 趙氏) in 1735. She remained in the palace and reportedly developed a good relationship with the wife of the new crown prince,
Lady Hyegyeong
Lady Hyegyeong of the Pungsan Hong clan (혜경궁 풍산 홍씨, 惠慶宮 豊山 洪氏; 6 August 1735 – 13 January 1816), also known as Queen Heongyeong (헌경왕후, 獻敬王后), was a Korean writer and Crown Princess during the Jose ...
. It is also said that King Yeongjo had favored and seen Hyosun as another daughter like
Princess Hwapyeong
Princess Hwapyeong (27 April 1727 – 24 June 1748) was the third daughter of King Yeongjo of Joseon and Royal Noble Consort Yeong of the Jeonui Yi clan.
Biography
Her personal name is unknown. She was born to Royal Noble Consort Yeong of the ...
.
Hyosun died in the winter of 1751. King Yeongjo was reportedly deeply saddened by her death and led the mourning rites.
Posthumous treatment
Hyosun was initially granted the posthumous title of Consort Hyosun Hyeon () and venerated in the same temple as her deceased husband. Her brother-in-law, Crown Prince Sado, was killed in 1762, and Yeongjo issued a decree that made Hyosun and Hyojang the adoptive parents of Sado's eldest son, in a move seen as an attempt to preserve the boy's legitimacy as an heir. On
King Jeongjo
Jeongjo of Joseon (28 October 1752 – 18 August 1800), personal name Yi San (Korean: 이산; Hanja: 李祘), sometimes called Jeongjo the Great (Korean: 정조대왕; Hanja: 正祖大王), was the 22nd monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. ...
's succession, Hyosun thus received the posthumous title of Queen Hyosun ().
Queen Hyosun was granted the title of Hyosun, the Bright Empress () in 1908 when
Emperor Sunjong
Sunjong, the Emperor Yunghui (; 25 March 1874 – 24 April 1926), was the second and the last Emperor of Korea, of the Yi dynasty, ruling from 1907 until 1910.
Biography
Crown Prince of Korea
Sunjong was the second son of Emperor Gojong a ...
succeeded to the throne.
Family
* Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandfather
** Jo Gi (조기, 趙磯)
* Great-Great-Great-Grandfather
** Jo Hui-bo (조희보, 趙希輔)
* Great-Great-Grandfather
** Jo Hyeong (조형, 趙珩) (1606 - 1679)
*** Adoptive great-great-grandfather: Jo Min (조민, 趙珉); older brother to Jo Hyeong
* Great-Great-Grandmother
** Lady Mok of the Sacheon Mok clan (사천 목씨, 泗川 睦氏)
* Great-Grandfather
** Jo Sang-jeong (조상정, 趙相鼎)
* Great-Grandmother
** Lady Hong of the
Namyang Hong clan
Namyang Hong clan () is one of the Korean clans. Their Bon-gwan is in Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, Gyeonggi Province. According to the research held in 2015, the number of Namyang Hong clan members was 487,488.
The Namyang Hong clan is divided into the ...
(남양 홍씨)
*Grandfather
** Jo In-su (조인수, 趙仁壽) (1648–1692); was a prime minister
*Grandmother
** Lady Kim of the
Gwangsan Kim clan
The Gwangsan Kim clan (Hangul: 광산 김씨, Hanja: 光山 金氏) is a Korean clan with its bon-gwan located in Gwangsan, present-day Gwangju.
The members of the Gwangsan Kim clan are the descendants of Kim Heung-gwang (김흥광), the third ...
(증 정경부인 광산 김씨, 贈 貞敬夫人 光山 金氏) (1649–1722)
*Father
**Jo Mun-myeong (1680–1732) (조문명, 趙景命)
*** Uncle: Jo Gyeong-myeong (조경명, 趙景命) (1674 - 1726)
**** Aunt: Lady Kim of the Andong Kim clan (안동 김씨, 安東 金氏)
*** Uncle: Jo Yeong-myeong (조영명, 趙令命) (1674 - 1722)
**** Aunt: Lady Sim of the Cheongseong Sim clan (청송 심씨, 靑松 沈氏)
*** Uncle: Jo Hyeon-myeong (조현명, 趙顯命) (1690 - 1752)
**** Aunt: Lady Yun of the Chilwon Yun clan (증 정경부인 칠원 윤씨, 贈 貞敬夫人 漆原 尹氏)
**** Aunt: Lady Kim of the Andong Kim clan (정경부인 안동 김씨, 貞敬夫人 安東 沈氏)
*Mother
** Step-mother: Internal Princess Consort Hwawon of the
Andong Kim clan
{{unreferenced, date=December 2014
The Andong Kim clan (Hangul: 안동 김씨, Hanja: 安東 金氏) refers to two Korean clans. They were prominent yangban families during Korea's Joseon Dynasty originating from Andong, North Gyeongsang provinc ...
(화원부부인 안동 김씨, 花原府夫人 安東 金氏) (1681 - 1721)
*** Step-grandfather: Kim Chang-eob (김창업, 金昌業) (1658 - 1722)
*** Unnamed grandmother; Kim Chang-eob’s concubine
** Biological mother: Internal Princess Consort Wangheung of the
Jeonju Yi clan
The Jeonju Yi clan () is a Korean clan with the surname Yi. Their Bon-gwan is in Jeonju, North Jeolla Province. The clan includes the former House of Yi which ruled the Joseon dynasty and the Korean Empire.
Their founder was Yi Han (). His des ...
(? - 1734) (완흥부부인 전주 이씨, 完興府夫人 全州 李氏)
***Grandfather: Yi Sang-baek (이상백, 李相伯) (1648–1721); genealogically an adopted 7th great-grandson of
Prince Yangnyeong
Grand Prince Yangnyeong (Hangul: 양녕대군, Hanja: 讓寧大君, 1394–1462) was a former Crown Prince of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea. He was the first son and fourth child of King Taejong and his wife, Queen Wongyeong. Yangnyeong was the el ...
(biologically an 8th great-grandson of
Jeongjong of Joseon
Jeongjong of Joseon (26 July 1357 – 24 October 1419), born Yi Bang-gwa (), whose changed name is Yi Gyeong (), was the second ruler of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. He was the second son of King Taejo, the founder and first monarch of the ...
)
***Grandmother: Lady Shin of the Goryeong Shin clan (고령 신씨, 高靈 申氏)
* Siblings
** Older half-brother: Jo Jae-ho (조재호, 趙載浩) (1702 - 1762)
*** Sister-in-law: Lady Won of the Wonju Won clan (원주 원씨, 原州 元氏)
[Lady Won is the adoptive 6th eldest granddaughter of Princess Sukgyeong (a daughter of King Hyojong and ]Queen Inseon
Queen Inseon (Hangul: 인선왕후 장씨, Hanja: 仁宣王后 張氏; 9 February 1619 – 19 March 1674), of the Deoksu Jang clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and queen consort of Yi Ho, King Hyojong. She was queen consort of Jose ...
)
** Older half-brother: Jo Jae-yeon (조재연, 趙載淵) or Jo Jae-hun (조재혼, 趙載混) (1709 - 1750)
*** Sister-in-law: Lady Seong of the Changnyeong Seong clan (창녕 성씨, 昌寧 成氏)
** Older brother: Jo Jae-heung (조재홍, 趙載洪) (1713 - 1758)
*** Sister-in-law: Lady Yi of the Deoksu Yi clan (덕수 이씨, 德水 李氏)
** Younger brother: Jo Jae-bu (조재부, 趙載溥) or Jo Si-bu (조시부, 趙時溥) (1720 - 1776)
*** Sister-in-law: Lady Jo of the Changnyeong Jo clan (창녕 조씨, 昌寧 曺氏)
** Younger sister: Lady Jo of the Pungyang Jo clan (조씨, 趙氏)
*Husband
**
Crown Prince Hyojang
Crown Prince Hyojang (Hangul: 효장세자, Hanja: 孝章世子; April 4, 1719 – December 16, 1728), personal name Yi Haeng (Hangul: 이행, Hanja: 李緈), was the first son of King Yeongjo of Joseon and his concubine, Royal Noble Consort Jeo ...
(15 February 1719 – 16 November 1728) (효장세자)
*** Father-in-law:
King Yeongjo of the Joseon (영조대왕, 英祖大王) (31 October 1694 - 22 April 1776)
*** Mother-in-law: Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Hamseong Yi clan (정빈 함성 이씨, 靖嬪 咸成 李氏) (1694 - 1721 June/November)
**** Legal mother-in-law:
Queen Jeongseong of the Daegu Seo clan (정성왕후 서씨, 貞聖王后 徐氏) (12 January 1693 - 3 April 1757)
* Son
**Adopted son:
Jeongjo of Joseon
Jeongjo of Joseon (28 October 1752 – 18 August 1800), personal name Yi San (Korean: 이산; Hanja: 李祘), sometimes called Jeongjo the Great (Korean: 정조대왕; Hanja: 正祖大王), was the 22nd monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. ...
(28 October 1752 – 18 August 1800)
*** Adoptive daughter-in-law:
Queen Hyoui of the Cheongpung Kim clan (효의선황후 김씨, 孝懿宣皇后 金氏) (5 January 1754 - 10 April 1821)
References
Notes
Works
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hyosun, Queen
18th-century Korean people
1716 births
1751 deaths
Royal consorts of the Joseon dynasty
Korean queens consort
Korean posthumous empresses
People from Seoul
Pungyang Jo clan