Quednau Church Severnaya Gora (russian: Северная Гора; "North Mountain") is part of the

Leningradsky District Leningradsky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia. Districts of the federal subjects * Leningradsky District, Krasnodar Krai, an administrative and municipal district of Krasnodar Krai City divisions * ...

in northern

Kaliningrad Kaliningrad ( ; rus, Калининград, p=kəlʲɪnʲɪnˈɡrat, links=y), until 1946 known as Königsberg (; rus, Кёнигсберг, Kyonigsberg, ˈkʲɵnʲɪɡzbɛrk; rus, Короле́вец, Korolevets), is the largest city and ...

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...

. It was formerly known by its

German language German ( ) is a West Germanic languages, West Germanic language mainly spoken in Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and Official language, official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and the Ita ...

name Quednau as first a suburb of and then a

quarter A quarter is one-fourth, , 25% or 0.25. Quarter or quarters may refer to: Places * Quarter (urban subdivision), a section or area, usually of a town Placenames * Quarter, South Lanarkshire, a settlement in Scotland * Le Quartier, a settlement ...

Königsberg Königsberg (, ) was the historic Prussian city that is now Kaliningrad, Russia. Königsberg was founded in 1255 on the site of the ancient Old Prussian settlement ''Twangste'' by the Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades, and was named ...

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

History

Quednau was first documented in 1255 as a region populated by

Old Prussians Old Prussians, Baltic Prussians or simply Prussians (Old Prussian: ''prūsai''; german: Pruzzen or ''Prußen''; la, Pruteni; lv, prūši; lt, prūsai; pl, Prusowie; csb, Prësowié) were an indigenous tribe among the Baltic peoples that in ...

at the foot of a 54 m high hill, the Quednauer Berg. The hill was also known as the Pikollosberg, after the Old Prussian god Pikollos, and the Apolloberg, with the reference to

Apollo Apollo, grc, Ἀπόλλωνος, Apóllōnos, label=genitive , ; , grc-dor, Ἀπέλλων, Apéllōn, ; grc, Ἀπείλων, Apeílōn, label=Arcadocypriot Greek, ; grc-aeo, Ἄπλουν, Áploun, la, Apollō, la, Apollinis, label= ...

being a malapropism of Pikollos.Weise, p. 182 Nalube, a native of Quednau, led a group of

Sambians The Sambians were a Old Prussians, Prussian tribe. They inhabited the Sambia Peninsula north of the city of Königsberg (now Kaliningrad). Sambians were located in a coastal territory rich in amber and engaged in trade early on (see Amber Road). ...

during the

Siege of Königsberg The siege of Königsberg was a siege laid upon Königsberg Castle, one of the main strongholds of the Teutonic Knights, by Prussians during the great Prussian uprising from 1262 possibly though 1265. History Background Pagan Prussians rose aga ...

and burned down the initial settlement. In 1258 Quednau was documented as ''Quedenow'' and in 1302 as ''Quidenowe'' and ''Quedemnowe''. A castle of the Bishop of Samland existed in Quednau from 1302 to 1427. Quednau eventually passed to the town of

Löbenicht View of Löbenicht from the Pregel, including its church and gymnasium, as well as the nearby Propsteikirche Löbenicht ( lt, Lyvenikė; pl, Lipnik) was a quarter of central Königsberg, Germany. During the Middle Ages it was the weakest of ...

. The vicinity suffered from revolt after the creation of the

Duchy of Prussia The Duchy of Prussia (german: Herzogtum Preußen, pl, Księstwo Pruskie, lt, Prūsijos kunigaikštystė) or Ducal Prussia (german: Herzogliches Preußen, link=no; pl, Prusy Książęce, link=no) was a duchy in the Prussia (region), region of P ...

in 1525; the Prussian nobility negotiated with the peasants at Quednau on 8 September 1525. During the 18th century Quednau was part of

Amt Amt is a type of administrative division governing a group of municipalities, today only in Germany, but formerly also common in other countries of Northern Europe. Its size and functions differ by country and the term is roughly equivalent to ...

Kalthof. Much of the village was dismantled by

French troops The French Armed Forces (french: Forces armées françaises) encompass the Army, the Navy, the Air and Space Force and the Gendarmerie of the French Republic. The President of France heads the armed forces as Chief of the Armed Forces. France ...

to create barracks in June 1807 during the

War of the Fourth Coalition The Fourth Coalition fought against Napoleon's French Empire and were defeated in a war spanning 1806–1807. The main coalition partners were Prussia and Russia with Saxony, Sweden, and Great Britain also contributing. Excluding Prussia, s ...

. Politically active students from the

University of Königsberg The University of Königsberg (german: Albertus-Universität Königsberg) was the university of Königsberg in East Prussia. It was founded in 1544 as the world's second Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg) by Duke Albert of Prussi ...

held a

commercium A commercium is a traditional academic feast known at universities in most Central and Northern European countries. In German it is called a or . Today it is still organised by student fraternities in Germanic and Baltic countries, as well as Po ...

in Quednau in 1839. On 18 October 1863 a celebration was held in Quednau by Königsberg's men's gymnastics club to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the

Battle of Leipzig The Battle of Leipzig (french: Bataille de Leipsick; german: Völkerschlacht bei Leipzig, ); sv, Slaget vid Leipzig), also known as the Battle of the Nations (french: Bataille des Nations; russian: Битва народов, translit=Bitva ...

. The community's church was the Gothic

Quednau Church Quednau Church Quednau Church (german: Quednauer Kirche) was a Protestant church in northern Königsberg, Germany. History The first church in Quednau was a Roman Catholic pilgrimage church for fishermen and sailors built in 1268. Measuring 25 ...

. The fort III König Friedrich Wilhelm, named in 1894, was built near Quednauer Berg as part of the new

Königsberg fortifications The fortifications of the former East Prussian capital Königsberg (now Kaliningrad) consist of numerous defensive walls, forts, bastions and other structures. They make up the First and the Second Defensive Belt, built in 1626—1634 and 1843� ...

constructed from 1872 to 1894. The estate of Quednau was for long in the possession of the Olfers family. Quednau developed into a

garden town The garden city movement was a 20th century urban planning movement promoting satellite communities surrounding the central city and separated with greenbelts. These Garden Cities would contain proportionate areas of residences, industry, and ...

in the first half of the 20th century. Southernmost Quednau was incorporated into the city of Königsberg in 1927, with the remainder following in 1939.

Maraunenhof Maraunenhof was a suburban quarter of northern Königsberg, Germany. Its territory is now part of the Leningradsky District of Kaliningrad, Russia. History The estate Maraunenhof, originally Maraunen, was located in the forest west of the Obertei ...

was to the southwest and Kummerau to the southeast. In 1888 the fort III König Friedrich Wilhelm I. was built on Quednauer Berg as part of the

;Gause II, p. 630 the 367 Infanterie Division was based out of it until 7 April 1945. Physicist

Siegfried Grossmann Siegfried Grossmann (born 28 February 1930) is a German theoretical physicist who has been awarded the Max Planck Medal, the major prize for achievements in theoretical physics. Biography He was born near Königsberg in Prussia (now Kaliningrad ...

(born 1930) is a native of Quednau. Königsberg was transferred to

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...

control in 1945 after

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

. Königsberg was subsequently renamed to ''Kaliningrad'' and Quednau to ''Severnaya Gora''.

Notes

References

* * * * * * {{coord, 54.7611, N, 20.5458, E, source:wikidata, display=title 1302 establishments in Europe 14th-century establishments in Russia Kaliningrad