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Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary is a sanctuary for birds, 759 km2 in area, located in the
Tirupati district Tirupati district () is one of the twenty-six districts in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh and one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region of the Andhra Pradesh state. The district headquarters is located at Tirupati city. Tirupati ...
of
Andhra Pradesh Andhra Pradesh (, abbr. AP) is a state in the south-eastern coastal region of India. It is the seventh-largest state by area covering an area of and tenth-most populous state with 49,386,799 inhabitants. It is bordered by Telangana to the ...
and a protected area of the Thiruvallur District of
Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu (; , TN) is a state in southern India. It is the tenth largest Indian state by area and the sixth largest by population. Its capital and largest city is Chennai. Tamil Nadu is the home of the Tamil people, whose Tamil language ...
, India. Pulicat Lake is the second largest brackish-water eco-system in India after Chilka lake in Orissa. The sanctuary's international name is Pulicat Lake Wildlife Sanctuary ( IBA Code: IN261, Criteria: A1, A4iii).


Geography

Central location is: . 327.33 km2 is managed by the
Andhra Pradesh Forest Department Andhra Pradesh Forest Department is one of the administrative divisions of Government of Andhra Pradesh. It is headed by the Principal Chief Conservator of Forests, Head of Forest Force. The primary function of this department is protection, con ...
and 153.67 km2 is managed by the Tamil Nadu Forest Department. 108 km2 is a National Park area. Rainfall ranges from 800–2000 mm. Temperature varies from 14°C to 33°C. Altitude ranges from 100’ above mean sea level to 1200’ above mean sea level.


Fauna

The sanctuary has many greater flamingos.Tamil Nadu Forest Department retrieved 9/9/200
Pulicat Lake Bird Sanctuary
Bird Forum,
Pulicat Lake (Andhra Pradesh)
(2008)
It also attracts many
migratory birds Bird migration is the regular seasonal movement, often north and south along a flyway, between breeding and wintering grounds. Many species of bird migrate. Migration carries high costs in predation and mortality, including from hunting b ...
and also is a feeding and nesting ground for aquatic and terrestrial birds such as pelicans, storks, etc. The
biodiversity Biodiversity or biological diversity is the variety and variability of life on Earth. Biodiversity is a measure of variation at the genetic ('' genetic variability''), species ('' species diversity''), and ecosystem ('' ecosystem diversity'') ...
of this lake attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors per year.


Threats

Pulicat Lake may disappear within 100 years by being filled up with
silt Silt is granular material of a size between sand and clay and composed mostly of broken grains of quartz. Silt may occur as a soil (often mixed with sand or clay) or as sediment mixed in suspension with water. Silt usually has a floury feel ...
.Raj, P. J. Sanjeeva
Macro Fauna of Pulicat Lake
, National Biodiversity Authority Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. (2006)
Efforts by government and private non-governmental organizations are working to halt lake destruction. The Art & Architecture Research, Development and Education (AARDE) Foundation does regular activities at Pazhaverkadu to create awareness on the vanishing lagoon.


See also

* Bird sanctuaries of India * Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary * Guindy National Park


References

Bird sanctuaries of Andhra Pradesh Bird sanctuaries of Tamil Nadu Coromandel Coast Nellore district Tiruvallur district Protected areas with year of establishment missing {{Nellore-geo-stub