Pseudothelphusoidea
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Pseudothelphusidae is a
family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
of freshwater crabs found chiefly in mountain streams in the
Neotropics The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In bioge ...
. They are believed to have originated in the
Greater Antilles The Greater Antilles ( es, Grandes Antillas or Antillas Mayores; french: Grandes Antilles; ht, Gwo Zantiy; jam, Grieta hAntiliiz) is a grouping of the larger islands in the Caribbean Sea, including Cuba, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, a ...
and then crossed to
Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States to the north, Colombia to the south, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. ...
via a
Pliocene The Pliocene ( ; also Pleiocene) is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.333 million to 2.58land bridge In biogeography, a land bridge is an isthmus or wider land connection between otherwise separate areas, over which animals and plants are able to cross and colonize new lands. A land bridge can be created by marine regression, in which sea leve ...
.


Parasitology

Pseudothelpshusids are of significance to humans because many species are secondary hosts for lung flukes of the genus '' Paragonimus''.
Predator Predation is a biological interaction where one organism, the predator, kills and eats another organism, its prey. It is one of a family of common feeding behaviours that includes parasitism and micropredation (which usually do not kill th ...
s of pseuthelphusid crabs include the
yellow-spotted river turtle The yellow-spotted Amazon river turtle (''Podocnemis unifilis''), also known commonly as the yellow-headed sideneck turtle and the yellow-spotted river turtle, and locally as the taricaya, is one of the largest South American river turtles. It ...
and the
tufted capuchin The tufted capuchin (''Sapajus apella''), also known as brown capuchin, black-capped capuchin, or pin monkey is a New World primate from South America and the Caribbean islands of Trinidad and Margarita. As traditionally defined, it is one of th ...
.


Taxonomy

Forty genera are recognised: *'' Allacanthos'' Smalley, 1964 *'' Achlidon'' Smalley, 1964 *'' Brasiliothelphusa'' Magalhães & Türkay, 1986 *'' Camptophallus'' Smalley, 1965 *'' Chaceus'' Pretzmann, 1965 *'' Disparithelphusa'' Smalley & Adkinson, 1984 *'' Ehecatusa'' Ng & Low, 2010  *'' Eidocamptophallus'' Rodríguez & Hobbs, 1989 *'' Elsalvadoria'' Bott, 1967 *'' Epilobocera'' Stimpson, 1860 *'' Eudaniela'' Pretzmann, 1971 *'' Fredius'' Pretzmann, 1967 *'' Guinotia'' Pretzmann, 1965 *'' Hypolobocera'' Ortmann, 1897 *'' Kingsleya'' Ortmann, 1897 *'' Lindacatalina'' Pretzmann, 1977 *'' Lobithelphusa'' Rodríguez, 1982 *'' Martiana'' Rodríguez, 1980 *'' Microthelphusa'' Pretzmann, 1968 *'' Moritschus'' Pretzmann, 1965 *'' Neoepilobocera'' Capolongo & Pretzmann, 2002 *'' Neopseudothelphusa'' Pretzmann, 1965 *'' Neostrengeria'' Pretzmann, 1965 *'' Odontothelphusa'' Rodríguez, 1982 *'' Oedothelphusa'' Rodríguez, 1980 *'' Orthothelphusa'' Rodríguez, 1980 *'' Phallangothelphusa'' Pretzmann, 1965 *'' Phrygiopilus'' Smalley, 1970 *'' Potamocarcinus'' H. Milne-Edwards, 1853 *'' Prionothelphusa'' Rodríguez, 1980 *'' Pseudothelphusa'' Saussure, 1857 *'' Ptychophallus'' Smalley, 1964 *'' Raddaus'' Pretzmann, 1965 *'' Rodriguezus'' Campos & Magalhães, 2005 *'' Smalleyus'' Alvarez, 1989 *'' Spirothelphusa'' Pretzmann, 1965 *'' Strengeriana'' Pretzmann, 1971 *'' Tehuana'' Rodríguez & Smalley, 1969 *'' Typhlopseudothelphusa'' Rioja, 1952 *'' Villalobosius'' Ng & Low, 2010 


References

{{Taxonbar, from1=Q1061133, from2=Q15144491 Crabs Freshwater crustaceans of South America