The Province of Kurhessen () or Electoral Hesse was a province of
Prussia
Prussia, , Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'' was a German state on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea. It formed the German Empire under Prussian rule when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by an e ...
within
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...
between 1944 and 1945.
Although all
German states, including Prussia, had ''de facto'' been dissolved since 1933, the Nazi government formally partitioned the Prussian
Province of Hesse-Nassau into two provinces effective with a decree issued on 1 April 1944 and effective on 1 July 1944. The two new provinces were the province of Kurhessen and the
Province of Nassau
The Province of Nassau () was a province of Prussia from 1944 to 1945.
Although all German states (including Prussia) had been ''de facto'' dissolved since 1933, the Nazi government formally partitioned the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau i ...
.
Following the end of
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
, Kurhessen fell under American administration. The province was dissolved by the occupying US forces on 19 September 1945 and formed part of the administrative zone of
Greater Hesse. Just over a year later, Greater Hesse became the modern German state of
Hesse
Hesse (, , ) or Hessia (, ; german: Hessen ), officially the State of Hessen (german: links=no, Land Hessen), is a state in Germany. Its capital city is Wiesbaden, and the largest urban area is Frankfurt. Two other major historic cities are ...
.
Etymology
The name ''Kurhessen'' comes from the former
Electorate of Hesse-Kassel
The Electorate of Hesse (german: Kurfürstentum Hessen), also known as Hesse-Kassel or Kurhessen, was a landgraviate whose prince was given the right to elect the Emperor by Napoleon. When the Holy Roman Empire was abolished in 1806, its prin ...
(or Hesse-Cassel; 1803–1866) which, following the
Austro-Prussian War
The Austro-Prussian War, also by many variant names such as Seven Weeks' War, German Civil War, Brothers War or Fraternal War, known in Germany as ("German War"), (; "German war of brothers") and by a variety of other names, was fought in 186 ...
, Prussia annexed to form part of the Province of Hesse-Nassau. This is also where its anglicized name ''Electoral Hesse'' comes from.
References
20th century in Hesse
Former states and territories of Hesse
1944 establishments in Germany
1945 disestablishments in Germany
Provinces of Prussia
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