Project DIANE, an acronym for Diversified Information and Assistance NEtwork, was a very early

videoconferencing Videotelephony, also known as videoconferencing and video teleconferencing, is the two-way or multipoint reception and transmission of audio signal, audio and video signals by people in different locations for Real-time, real time communication. ...

based

community service Community service is unpaid work performed by a person or group of people for the benefit and betterment of their community without any form of compensation. Community service can be distinct from volunteering, since it is not always performed ...

network created in the United States. DIANE was a grassroots driven regional videoconferencing consortium which promoted and supported cooperative electronic alliances in

education Education is a purposeful activity directed at achieving certain aims, such as transmitting knowledge or fostering skills and character traits. These aims may include the development of understanding, rationality, kindness, and honesty. Va ...

, and

economic development In the economics study of the public sector, economic and social development is the process by which the economic well-being and quality of life of a nation, region, local community, or an individual are improved according to targeted goals and o ...

. Created in 1992 in

Nashville, Tennessee Nashville is the capital city of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the county seat, seat of Davidson County, Tennessee, Davidson County. With a population of 689,447 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 U.S. census, Nashville is the List of muni ...

, Project DIANE was in active operation as a centrally managed public service network until 2006. Portions of the network still remain in service, however, though no longer under the Project DIANE

moniker A nickname is a substitute for the proper name of a familiar person, place or thing. Commonly used to express affection, a form of endearment, and sometimes amusement, it can also be used to express defamation of character. As a concept, it is ...

. Peak network membership consisted of more than 200 participating organizations and more than 350 program and technical coordinators, supporting live interactive video programming over a service region consisting of twelve U.S. states and five countries.

History

Project DIANE was first proposed by Dr. Stephen P. Shao, Jr. in 1992 as a regional diversity development project collaboration between the U.S.

Tennessee Valley Authority The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) is a federally owned electric utility corporation in the United States. TVA's service area covers all of Tennessee, portions of Alabama, Mississippi, and Kentucky, and small areas of Georgia, North Carolina ...

(TVA) and a small consortium of public and private universities located within TVA's six state service region. At the time, Dr. Shao was employed as a business research center director at Tennessee State University in Nashville, Tennessee. After a year of deliberations and two successful community based field pilots, Project DIANE was given

startup funding Venture capital (often abbreviated as VC) is a form of private equity financing that is provided by venture capital firms or funds to startups, early-stage, and emerging companies that have been deemed to have high growth potential or which hav ...

by the TVA. The two field pilots, named the Nashville Pilot and the City Share Pilot were instrumental in demonstrating that videoconferencing technology was a viable and highly flexible mechanism through which to deliver a broad array of educational, economic development and public service resources to the general public. Both pilots were carried out with the participation of several dozen community service organizations, governmental agencies and corporations. Primary sponsors and underwriters of the two pilots included TVA,

BellSouth BellSouth, LLC (stylized as ''BELLSOUTH'' and formerly known as BellSouth Corporation) was an American telecommunications holding company based in Atlanta, Georgia. BellSouth was one of the seven original Regional Bell Operating Companies after ...

, IBM led by Steven Wilkinson, and PictureTel (later purchased by

Polycom Poly, formerly Polycom, a part of HP Inc., is an American multinational corporation that develops video, voice and content collaboration and communication technology. Polycom was co-founded in 1990 by Brian L Hinman and Jeffrey Rodman. In 2018 ...

). The Nashville Pilot was an intracity test of desktop

technology with application test sites in

constructed at

Tennessee State University Tennessee State University (Tennessee State, Tenn State, or TSU) is a public historically black land-grant university in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. Founded in 1912, it is the only state-funded historically black university in Tenness ...

, Cumberland Science Museum (later renamed the Adventure Science Center) and the Looby Public Library. One month after conclusion of the Nashville Pilot, the City Share Pilot testbed was created by connecting the three Nashville video test locations to additional video sites constructed in

Huntsville, Alabama Huntsville is a city in Madison County, Limestone County, and Morgan County, Alabama, United States. It is the county seat of Madison County. Located in the Appalachian region of northern Alabama, Huntsville is the most populous city in t ...

. A large portfolio of community oriented and educational test applications between Nashville and Huntsville were launched with a 40-minute discussion of

intercity InterCity (commonly abbreviated ''IC'' on timetables and tickets) is the classification applied to certain long-distance passenger train services in Europe. Such trains (in contrast to regional, local, or commuter trains) generally call at m ...

cooperation between the

mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well a ...

s of the cities. It is believed that the City Share pilot was the first ever intercity videoconference link ever constructed for non-commercial purposes. In the years following the project's pilot startup, many public and private organizations participated in the network's public service programming and donated both in-kind and financial resources. Network participants and supporters were also successful in securing a wide bevy of public and private grants to pay for different types of community applications which utilized the project.

Overview

Project objectives

Project DIANE's primary objectives were to: # develop a successful electronic community service network that could be expanded and/or replicated by all interested members of the community, # bring education institutions, business development agencies, and community service organizations closer together for cooperative sharing of scarce public and private resources and # provide needy individuals and groups with free, or low cost, digital access to useful information, assistance and professional expertise. There were two notable aspects about the network. First, the project was designed as a broad-based, rather than niche-focused, community telecollaboration. DIANE membership reflected a wide spectrum of

community organizations Community organizing is a process where people who live in proximity to each other or share some common problem come together into an organization that acts in their shared self-interest. Unlike those who promote more-consensual community bui ...

which came together online to jointly plan and carry out public programs and services. The project was represented by most segments of the community, both in an organizational context (e.g., schools, community centers, libraries, business agencies, etc.) and individually (child through senior adult, families, disabled, urban and rural, etc.) DIANE was inherently a "project of projects" with teleconferencing applications in the three target areas of education, community service and economic development. A second key aspect of this project was that, from its inception, DIANE members worked diligently to include disadvantaged or neglected members of society in consortium program development activities. The avoidance of a two-tier cyber-society of "haves" vs. "have-nots" was a high priority. DIANE members took special care to include low income inner city residents, developmentally disabled children,

senior citizen Old age refers to ages nearing or surpassing the life expectancy of human beings, and is thus the end of the human life cycle. Terms and euphemisms for people at this age include old people, the elderly (worldwide usage), OAPs (British usage ...

speech Speech is a human vocal communication using language. Each language uses Phonetics, phonetic combinations of vowel and consonant sounds that form the sound of its words (that is, all English words sound different from all French words, even if ...

and

hearing impaired Hearing loss is a partial or total inability to hear. Hearing loss may be present at birth or acquired at any time afterwards. Hearing loss may occur in one or both ears. In children, hearing problems can affect the ability to acquire spoken la ...

individuals, and other potential information highway have-nots in program development activities.

Participants

Online members of the consortium included family and

community centers Community centres, community centers, or community halls are public locations where members of a community tend to gather for group activities, social support, public information, and other purposes. They may sometimes be open for the whole co ...

, speech & hearing treatment centers,

K-12 schools The asterisk ( ), from Late Latin , from Ancient Greek , ''asteriskos'', "little star", is a typographical symbol. It is so called because it resembles a conventional image of a heraldic star. Computer scientists and mathematicians often vo ...

zoo A zoo (short for zoological garden; also called an animal park or menagerie) is a facility in which animals are kept within enclosures for public exhibition and often bred for Conservation biology, conservation purposes. The term ''zoological g ...

museum A museum ( ; plural museums or, rarely, musea) is a building or institution that cares for and displays a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance. Many public museums make these ...

public libraries A public library is a library that is accessible by the general public and is usually funded from public sources, such as taxes. It is operated by librarians and library paraprofessionals, who are also civil servants. There are five fundamenta ...

, universities, language institutes, skill training centers,

chambers of commerce A chamber of commerce, or board of trade, is a form of business network. For example, a local organization of businesses whose goal is to further the interests of businesses. Business owners in towns and cities form these local societies to a ...

, economic development agencies, healthcare groups, overseas military bases & dependents schools, and other service organizations. Specific notable members of the project included the

Small Business Administration The United States Small Business Administration (SBA) is an independent agency of the United States government that provides support to entrepreneurs and small businesses. The mission of the Small Business Administration is "to maintain and stren ...

sponsored Small Business Development Centers, the Tennessee Foreign Language Institute, the Adventure Science Center,

Vanderbilt University Vanderbilt University (informally Vandy or VU) is a private research university in Nashville, Tennessee. Founded in 1873, it was named in honor of shipping and rail magnate Cornelius Vanderbilt, who provided the school its initial $1-million ...

, the Tennessee Foreign Language Institute, Tennessee League for the Deaf & Hard of Hearing, the Nashville Zoo, the Metropolitan Action Commission,

Urban League The National Urban League, formerly known as the National League on Urban Conditions Among Negroes, is a nonpartisan historic civil rights organization based in New York City that advocates on behalf of economic and social justice for African Am ...

of Nashville, the Boys & Girls Club, the Girl Scouts of Middle Tennessee, the Catholic Diocese of Nashville, the Tennessee State Library & Archives, the Elephant Sanctuary of Hohenwald, the Nashville Public Library System, the

Bank of America The Bank of America Corporation (often abbreviated BofA or BoA) is an American multinational investment bank and financial services holding company headquartered at the Bank of America Corporate Center in Charlotte, North Carolina. The bank w ...

Small Business Resource Centers, and the

U.S. Department of Defense The United States Department of Defense (DoD, USDOD or DOD) is an executive branch department of the federal government charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government directly related to national secur ...

Overseas Dependents School System.

Real-time telecollaboration

Telecollaboration was inherently the method by which DIANE organizations educated and assisted one another. Real-time telecollaboration took place in all project activities through two-way electronic exchanges between a resource provider (such as a K-12 teacher, college professor, business counselor, social worker, therapist, or other expert professional) and a person in need (e.g., student, small/minority business entrepreneur, researcher, family member, disabled person, senior citizen, etc.). Real-time multimedia information exchanges occurred during videoconferences via electronic whiteboards, remote application sharing, electronic messaging, hi-speed file transfer and other means.

Programs and applications

DIANE's program portfolio included various independent and inter-dependent telecollaborations, offering resources and assistance to both mainstream and disadvantaged community segments. In addition to the general program descriptions given in this section, interested parties were able to click to the Project DIANE Directory and read the "DIANE Program & Resource Profile" for each individual organization. General teleconference based program areas established by the project included: the Economic Development Partnership, Tennessee Child Development Partnership, Teachers' Teleconferencing Curriculum Forum, Internet Distance Training, Global Community Project, and others. Examples of specific program activities within these general program areas included the following: The Tennessee League for the Hearing Impaired offered videoconferencing-based Deaf culture workshops,

sign language Sign languages (also known as signed languages) are languages that use the visual-manual modality to convey meaning, instead of spoken words. Sign languages are expressed through manual articulation in combination with non-manual markers. Sign l ...

instruction, and

translation services The language industry is the industry (economics), sector of activity dedicated to facilitating multilingual communication, both oral and written. According to the European Commission, European Commission's Directorate-General of Translation, the ...

. Looby Metro Public Library supported a distance

mentor Mentorship is the influence, guidance, or direction given by a mentor. A mentor is someone who teaches or gives help and advice to a less experienced and often younger person. In an organizational setting, a mentor influences the personal and p ...

ship program called "Adopt-a-Grandparent" in which senior citizen library volunteers provide guidance and counseling to disadvantaged youth who called in from DIANE's community center locations. Therapists and physicians at the Bill Wilkerson Speech & Hearing Center and the Vanderbilt Child Development Center electronically assisted disabled children, including adolescents with

autism The autism spectrum, often referred to as just autism or in the context of a professional diagnosis autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or autism spectrum condition (ASC), is a neurodevelopmental condition (or conditions) characterized by difficulti ...

and related communication disorders. High school students and teachers regularly consulted online with the project's educational resources such as the Cumberland Science Museum (e.g., for science information, environmental workshops, etc.) and to

Meharry Medical College Meharry Medical College is a private historically black medical school affiliated with the United Methodist Church and located in Nashville, Tennessee. Founded in 1876 as the Medical Department of Central Tennessee College, it was the first me ...

(e.g., to learn about viruses), etc.

Electronic field trips

The use of videoconferencing technology to electronically and interactively take students to exotic and faraway places was pioneered by Project DIANE. An important supplement to in-class instruction, schoolchildren frequently were able to go on electronic field trips through the DIANE network for meaningful interactive real-world learning experiences. The Nashville Zoo conducted videoconferences with area schools to bring students safe interactive experiences with rare snow leopards and other wild animals. Animal conservationists from the Elephant Sanctuary in Lewis County, TN provided teleconference-based seminars on elephants and the need for animal preservation, even connecting video callers to remote cameras located in the elephant grazing pasture.

Radnor Lake State Natural Area Radnor Lake State Natural Area, also known as Radnor Lake State Park, is a popular state natural area and state park in Oak Hill, Tennessee within Nashville. The nature preserve lies just outside Nashville. Five miles of unpaved trails wander ...

offered students a wide range of teleconference activities involving environmental conservation, water ecology, and wireless video/underwater camera views of its wildlife residents. Often, Project DIANE electronic field trips took the children to international locations such as France, England, Japan, or to meet interesting people such as jet pilots, film actors and corporate executives. The Tennessee Foreign Language Institute conducted world culture seminars and foreign language instruction to DIANE participants, also providing students remote playback access to its 250+ international tape library. Tennessee's state information repository, the Tennessee State Library & Archives, provided interactive teleconference-based history seminars, library reference assistance, and live curator based video access to its rare manuscript collection, includes original

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states th ...

photographs, historic architectural drawings, original letters of President

Andrew Jackson Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845) was an American lawyer, planter, general, and statesman who served as the seventh president of the United States from 1829 to 1837. Before being elected to the presidency, he gained fame as ...

, the 1796

Tennessee State Constitution The Constitution of the State of Tennessee defines the form, structure, activities, character, and fundamental rules (and means for changing them) of the U.S. State of Tennessee. The original constitution of Tennessee came into effect on June 1, ...

, etc.

Connecting students to experts outside the classroom

Connected schools and community centers teleconferenced with the local public library for story telling hour and puppet shows, with

NationsBank NationsBank was one of the largest banking corporations in the United States, based in Charlotte, North Carolina. The company named NationsBank was formed through the merger of several other banks in 1991, and prior to that had been through mul ...

's Small Business Resource Center and the Nashville Area Chamber for youth career planning and entrepreneurship programs, and with

for health and hygiene workshops. An advanced placement (AP) course shared curriculum was being developed for use by area high schools. Current AP course development included environmental science and biology. Regarding business development programs, any area business with compatible technologies could access Project DIANE's online economic development member agencies, including SBRC business experts, SBRC library resources, SBDC business counselors, area

chamber of commerce A chamber of commerce, or board of trade, is a form of business network. For example, a local organization of businesses whose goal is to further the interests of businesses. Business owners in towns and cities form these local societies to ad ...

program personnel, university business faculty, etc.

Awards and recognitions

International recognitions of Project DIANE included: Polycom Corporation's ''Exceptional Content Provider Award'' (8/03), a Top 5 Rating by the

European Commission The European Commission (EC) is the executive of the European Union (EU). It operates as a cabinet government, with 27 members of the Commission (informally known as "Commissioners") headed by a President. It includes an administrative body o ...

's ''Global Bangemann Challenge'' (Stockholm, 6/99); 6 NII ''Global Information Infrastructure'' award citations (12/96-2/98) including an AT&T Special Telecollaboration Award; a ''"national success story"'' citation by the President's National Information Advisory Council (2/96), and an ''Awards Laureate'' designation by the

Smithsonian Institution The Smithsonian Institution ( ), or simply the Smithsonian, is a group of museums and education and research centers, the largest such complex in the world, created by the U.S. government "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge". Founded ...

''Information Technology Awards Program'' (6/95). Key invited presentations and demonstrations of Project DIANE programming include national conferences and forums hosted by the

American Library Association The American Library Association (ALA) is a nonprofit organization based in the United States that promotes libraries and library education internationally. It is the oldest and largest library association in the world, with 49,727 members a ...

(Atlanta, GA, 6/02),

National Science Foundation The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent agency of the United States government that supports fundamental research and education in all the non-medical fields of science and engineering. Its medical counterpart is the National I ...

(Berkeley, CA, 12/00), U.S. Dept of Commerce (Washington DC, 4/98) and the

White House The White House is the official residence and workplace of the president of the United States. It is located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., and has been the residence of every U.S. president since John Adams in 1800. ...

(Philadelphia PA, 4/97).

Technology evolution

Project DIANE began as an all

Integrated Services Digital Network Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is a set of communication standards for simultaneous digital transmission of voice, video, data, and other network services over the digitalised circuits of the public switched telephone network. W ...

(ISDN) BRA based community network using desktop personal computers deploying an

H.320 H.320 or Narrow-band visual telephone systems and terminal equipment is an ''umbrella Recommendation'' by the ITU-T for running Multimedia (Audio/Video/Data) over ISDN based networks. The main protocols in this suite are H.221, H.230, H.242, au ...

codec A codec is a device or computer program that encodes or decodes a data stream or signal. ''Codec'' is a portmanteau of coder/decoder. In electronic communications, an endec is a device that acts as both an encoder and a decoder on a signal or da ...

, which later evolved into a hybrid switched digital and Internet IP based H.320/

H.324 H.324 is an ITU-T recommendation for voice, video and data transmission over regular analog phone lines. It uses a regular 33,600 bit/s modem for transmission, the H.263 codec for video encoding and G.723.1 for audio. H.324 standard is formally ...

platform. The videoconferencing equipment used by Project DIANE in the Nashville and City Share startup field pilots were all

OS/2 OS/2 (Operating System/2) is a series of computer operating systems, initially created by Microsoft and IBM under the leadership of IBM software designer Ed Iacobucci. As a result of a feud between the two companies over how to position OS/2 ...

based videoconference units (PCS/1s) provided through a joint development partnership at the time between

PictureTel PictureTel Corporation, often shortened to PictureTel Corp., was one of the first commercial videoconferencing product companies. It achieved peak revenues of over $490 million in 1996 and 1997 and was eventually acquired by Polycom in October ...

and the IBM Corporation. These early video units were replaced during the startup phase with

Windows OS Windows is a group of several proprietary graphical operating system families developed and marketed by Microsoft. Each family caters to a certain sector of the computing industry. For example, Windows NT for consumers, Windows Server for ser ...

-based PC desktop units. In later years, the project's infrastructure also included a large number of set top

videoconference Videotelephony, also known as videoconferencing and video teleconferencing, is the two-way or multipoint reception and transmission of audio and video signals by people in different locations for real time communication.McGraw-Hill Concise Ency ...

units, as well as several dozen videoconferencing units for conference rooms. In the late 1990s, a large corporate donation of more than a hundred new videoconference units more than doubled the size of DIANE to more than two hundred video locations. Project DIANE also later acquired a Tandberg Multipoint Control Unit (MCU), sometimes referred to as a video bridge or gateway, which allowed the network to deliver its interactive programming to up to 16 separate locations simultaneously. Funding for the MCU's required network connections (a Primary Rate Access high speed digital telephone line and an IP broadband access line) was provided by

and the Tennessee Department of Human Services, Rehabilitation Services Division.

References

;Notes ;Bibliography *Project DIANE presentation and live demonstrations, Catholic Diocese Conference, Nashville, Tennessee, August 3, 2002 *Project DIANE Workshop, American Library Association Annual Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, June 13–19, 2002 *Project DIANE Videoconferencing Techniques Presentation, Region 3 Financial and Administrative Conference, Co-Sponsored by Florida Agency for Workforce Innovation and U.S. Dept of Labor, Renaissance Orlando Resort at SeaWorld, Orlando, Florida, May 21–24, 2002 (forthcoming) *Project DIANE Presentation, Distance Education Conference sponsored by the Institute for the Integration of Technology in Education, Roxbury Community College, Boston, Massachusetts, February 11, 2002 *Vanderbilt Medical Center LEND Program Site Visitation Report - Section on Project DIANE,

Maternal and Child Health Bureau The Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB), is one of six Bureaus within the Health Resources and Services Administration, an agency of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services located in Rockville, Maryland. MCHB administers the Title ...

, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, January 17, 2002 *Science and Technology Education Partnership (STEP) Newsletter - Section on Project DIANE, Issue 2,

, January 2002 *"Project DIANE Receives $1.1 Million Community Technology Grant", ComputerUser, January 2002, page 12 *"Stoner Creek Among Recipients of DIANE Grant",

Lebanon Democrat The ''Lebanon Democrat'' is a daily newspaper based in Lebanon, Tennessee, Lebanon, a town of more than 32,000 in the central part of the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is published by Lebanon Publishing Co., which is owned by Paxton Media Group. Hi ...

, December 21, 2001, page 25 *"Project DIANE Grant", Mount Juliet News, December 19, 2001, page 8 *"TSU Videoconference Project Gets $1.1 Million" - Project DIANE by Michael Cass,

Tennessean Tennessean refers to someone or something of, from, or related to the state of Tennessee, including: * ''The Tennessean'' newspaper * Tennessean (train) See also * List of people from Tennessee * Tennessine Tennessine is a synthetic chemic ...

, December 14, 2001, page 2B *"Tennessee's Deaf Service Centers Launch Network Under Project DIANE Umbrella" by Scutt Communications Services, League for the Deaf & Hard of Hearing News Release, December 13, 2001 *, Nicole Troutman,

The City Paper ''The City Paper'' (also known as ''The Nashville City Paper'') is a free, weekly newspaper that serves Nashville, Tennessee opened November 1, 2000. The newspaper will reopened under new ownership of Nashville News on January 1, 2021 ''The C ...

, November 29, 2001, page 5 *, Metropolitan Nashville Public Schools, November 16, 2001 *, Jennifer Patterson Lorenzetti, eSchool News, October 24, 2001 *"Project DIANE Combines Technology, Education" by William Williams,

, August 24, 2001, page 8 *"Technology Day Project DIANE Learning Demonstrations", FootNotes: Friends of Nashville Public Library Newsletter, June 2001, page 3 *, Laura Sewell, American Profile: Celebrating Hometown Life, May 19, 2001 *, Hearing Impaired Host, Bella Online Inc.: The Voice of Women on the Web, Los Angeles, California, May 18, 2001 *"Project DIANE Overview and Distance Education Activities", Visual Collaboration Workshop, Mid-Thames Institute of Management, Slough, England, March 14, 2001 * Interactive video presentation on Project DIANE, Eighth Annual Distance Education Conference (DEC2001),

Texas A&M University Texas A&M University (Texas A&M, A&M, or TAMU) is a public, land-grant, research university in College Station, Texas. It was founded in 1876 and became the flagship institution of the Texas A&M University System in 1948. As of late 2021, T ...

, Austin, Texas, January 23–26, 2001 * "Electricity, Circuits and Batteries" - Project DIANE program flyer, Tennessee Energy Education Network (TEEN) publication, Tennessee Department of Economic and Community Development, January 2001 * "Take an Electronic Field Trip" - Sections on Project DIANE, Industry Solutions Publication - 2nd Edition, PictureTel Corporation, Fall 2000/Winter 2001 * "Curriculum Planner & Field Trip Guide" - Section on Project DIANE, Cumberland Science Museum/ Sudekum Planetarium 2000-2001 publication, page 4 * , presentation and workshop, Building Partnerships in Science and Industry Conference, sponsored by

, Radisson Hotel - Berkeley Marina, Berkeley, California, December 7–8, 2000
Is Videoconferencing for You? A Project DIANE presentation and testimonials from area metro school teachers and Vanderbilt Virtual School
Tennessee Educational Technology Conference 2000 (TETC 2000), sponsored by the Tennessee State Department of Education, Nashville Convention Center, November 30, 2000 * Overbrook School Academics Guidebook - Section on Project DIANE, Overbrook School publication, Nashville, TN, Winter 2000 * , Educational Technology Solutions: Success Stories, published by BellSouth Corporation, 2000 * Red Shield Family Initiative Information Brochure - Section on Project DIANE, published by the Salvation Army, Winter 2000 * Project DIANE workshop co-presentations, 2 hour group workshop presentation, Sessions 106–206, Third Annual Tennessee Education Technology Association Summer Institute 2000 Proceedings, John Overton High School, Nashville, TN July 19, 2000 * "Project DIANE Overview", invited presentation, Videoconferencing Workshop for Metro Teachers, Wyatt Building, Room SR 130, Virtual School Program, Vanderbilt University, July 17–18, 2000 * "Synchronous Training & Project DIANE Overview", invited presentation to Tennessee Training Collaboration Committee, Tennessee Voices for Children et al., July 6, 2000 * "Distance Education Program Development & Issues: Project DIANE", invited video presentation, Massachusetts Corporation for Educational Technology/PictureTel "Educate the Educator" Distance Learning Summer Institute, Andover, Massachusetts, June 29, 2000

Vanderbilt News Releases, VU Division of Media Relations, April 28, 2000 * "Program & Service Guide" - Section on Project DIANE, Nashville Urban League Publication, April 2000

Mid-Tennessee Interdisciplinary Instruction in Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND), funded by U.S. Maternal & Child Health Bureau, published by

John F. Kennedy Center The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (formally known as the John F. Kennedy Memorial Center for the Performing Arts, and commonly referred to as the Kennedy Center) is the United States National Cultural Center, located on the Potom ...

, Vanderbilt University in collaboration with Tennessee State University et al., Winter 2000
A Window to the World: Video-Teleconferencing Takes Kids on Virtual Field Trip
Susan Passi-Klaus,

, February 28, 2000, page 4B * "Project DIANE Brings Teleconferencing to Radnor Lake and Tennessee Schools" by Leslie Anne Rawlings, Radnor Lake Reflections Newsletter, Winter 2000, pages 1–2 * "Live Connections: Tools for Achievement, Safety, Teachers and Communications" - Project DIANE Profile, BellSouth Publication, Atlanta, GA, December 1999, page 8 * "Out of the Pen and Into the Open" - Section on Project DIANE by Gail King,

Wall Street Journal ''The Wall Street Journal'' is an American business-focused, international daily newspaper based in New York City, with international editions also available in Chinese and Japanese. The ''Journal'', along with its Asian editions, is published ...

, November 30, 1999, page A24 * "Technology Enhancing Education" - Project DIANE by Adrienne Outlaw, Nashville Public Radio, WPLN FM 90.3 Nashville and WHRS FM 91.7 Cookeville, 10 minute program broadcast, November 22, 1999 * "Project DIANE: A Working Model for Developing a Low Cost Community Development Interactive Video Network", presentation by Steve Shao and Garrett Harper, HBCU/MI Educational Technology Expo '99 Conference: Emerging Technologies: Reshaping Contemporary Education, Marriott Marquis, Atlanta, Georgia, November 21–23, 1999 * , Vanderbilt University Virtual School news release, November 1999 * , Vanderbilt University Virtual School, October 1999 * "SBA Students Participate in Project DIANE Cyberforums", Clairvaux, SBA Quarterly, Summer 1999 Issue, page 7 * "Project DIANE: Distance Education And So Much More" by Karen R. Haigney, Government Video Magazine, Volume 10, No. 9, August 1999, pages 93–94 * "A Place to Grow" program brochure - Section on Project DIANE, Edgehill Community Center Inc. Publication, Nashville, TN, May 1999 * "Red Shield Family Initiative Begins to Take Shape" - Section on Project DIANE by Laura Currie, Issues Magazine, published by the Junior League of Nashville, Volume 4, No. 1, Spring 1999, pages 22–23 * , Vanderbilt University Virtual Schools, April 1999
VCH Programs and Services
Vanderbilt Children's Hospital, Revised Publication, April 1999

Martha's Vineyard Regional High School Martha's Vineyard Regional High School or MVRHS is a high school in Oak Bluffs on the island of Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, United States. History MVRHS opened in September 1959. It is the larger of the two high schools located on Martha' ...

, Oak Bluffs, Massachusetts, 1999
Symposium Features Utilizing Video Conferences in Ulster County - Section on Project DIANE
Hudson Valley Business Journal, New York, March 15, 1999

Alison Hughes, MPA, Rural Health Office and Arizona Telemedicine Program, University of Arizona * , Matt Oster and Paul King, PhD, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, March 1999

Information Society Activity Center (ISAC) of the

, administrated by the City of Stockholm, Sweden, March 1999 *"Multimedia Forums" - Film Story on Project DIANE, a broadcast program sponsored by Nippon Telephone and Telegraph (NTT), Channel 3, Japan Public Television (

NHK , also known as NHK, is a Japanese public broadcaster. NHK, which has always been known by this romanized initialism in Japanese, is a statutory corporation funded by viewers' payments of a television license fee. NHK operates two terrestr ...

), January 22, 1999 *"Implementing Distance Learning" - Section on Project DIANE, MarkIntel Market Research Reports, Faulkner Information Services, The Investext Group, January 1, 1999, page 5 *, Rebecca Kelly, Wilmington College, Delaware, December 1998 * , Francisco Manuel García Ortiz", Florida Centre de Formacio, Spain, 1998 * "School's Out" - Section on Project DIANE by Mary Gotschall, NASDAQ Magazine, December 1998, pages 44–46 * "Take an Electronic Field Trip" - Sections on Project DIANE, Industry Solutions Publication, PictureTel Corporation, Winter 1998 * "Kids Taking Electronic Field Trip Debut on Japanese TV" - Project DIANE by Lisa Battles, Mount Juliet News, Thursday, November 26, 1998, page 1 * "DIANE Allows Kids to Go on Japan TV" by Jennifer Horton, Lebanon Democrat, November 19, 1998, page 1 * "Creating Ways to Connect Students and Business - Project DIANE" by A. Bilton-Ward and M. Young, Exemplary Applications of Videoconferencing in Education, a report published by the Center for Occupational Research and Development, Waco, Texas, 1998, 54 pp.
Project DIANE Brings Videoconferencing to Tennessee Schools
''Technological Horizons in Education'' ( T.H.E.) Journal, Volume 26, Number 4, November 1998, page 40 * "Going Global? Teleconferencing Assistance Available for Tennessee Companies Interested in Exporting" - Project DIANE, Return On Investment, Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce, October 1998
Elephant '98 Show Opening Preview Kicks Off Tennessee's Asian Elephant Awareness Month" - Section on Project DIANE
News Release, Press Network, October 1998 * , Office of University and Science Education,

Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is a U.S. multiprogram science and technology national laboratory sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and administered, managed, and operated by UT–Battelle as a federally funded research and ...

, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, September 1998
Classroom to Serve 2 Masters" - Section on Project DIANE
Tanya N. Ballard, Tennessean, Wilson Today Supplement, September 6, 1998, page 1 (for a copy of this article, see the Northern Lights electronic library collection) * , 12th Annual Technology & Learning Conference, Special Workshop Presentation - Technology Leadership Network,

National School Boards Association The National School Boards Association (NSBA) is a nonprofit educational organization operating as a federation of state associations of school boards across the United States. Founded in 1940, NSBA represents state school boards associations an ...

, Vanderbilt University Rotunda, October 28, 1998
Net Surfers Can Find Sanctuary with the Elephants
K. Dawn Rutledge-Jones,

Nashville Business Journal American City Business Journals, Inc. (ACBJ) is an American newspaper publisher based in Charlotte, North Carolina. ACBJ publishes The Business Journals, which contains local business news for 44 markets in the United States, Hemmings Motor News ...

, July 10–16, 1998, page 6 * "Elephants Coming to Library by way of Teleconference" - Project DIANE by Carrie Ferguson, Tennessean, June 19, 1998, page 2 * "What is Project DIANE?", Manufacturing Matters, a publication of the Chattanooga Manufacturers Association, June 1998
Project DIANE Technology Showcase Planned May 19
Vanderbilt University News Release, May 14, 1998 * "Project DIANE Reception", Return On Investment, Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce, May 1998 * , Research Paper,

University of Houston The University of Houston (UH) is a Public university, public research university in Houston, Texas. Founded in 1927, UH is a member of the University of Houston System and the List of universities in Texas by enrollment, university in Texas ...

, Spring 1998
Project DIANE Prepares Students for Nashville Shakespeare Festival

Tennessee Performing Arts Center The Tennessee Performing Arts Center, or TPAC, is located in the James K. Polk Cultural Center at 505 Deaderick Street in downtown Nashville, Tennessee. It occupies an entire city block between 5th and 6th Avenues North and Deaderick and Unio ...

, April 14, 1998 * , Liz Johnson and Stephen Shao, Mid-South Instructional Technology Conference, Technology in the Learning Process: Evolution and Revolution,

Middle Tennessee State University Middle Tennessee State University (MTSU or MT) is a public university in Murfreesboro, Tennessee. Founded in 1911 as a normal school, the university consists of eight undergraduate colleges as well as a college of graduate studies, together off ...

, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, April 5–7, 1998 * , Saint Bernard Academy, Nashville, Tennessee, 1998 * "PMS Students "Visit" with Senator Frist"- Project DIANE by Cindy Kelly, The Review Appeal, March 11, 1998, page D3
VUMC Joins National Teleconference
Vanderbilt Register, March 8, 1998

Diane Long, Tennessean, March 3, 1998, page 7B * , Return on Investment, Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce, March 1998 * "Connecting All Americans for the 21st Century" - Project DIANE presentations and live demonstrations, Telecommunications Links in Low Income and Rural Communities Conference, sponsored by

United States Department of Commerce The United States Department of Commerce is an executive department of the U.S. federal government concerned with creating the conditions for economic growth and opportunity. Among its tasks are gathering economic and demographic data for bu ...

and the Public Utility Law Project (PULP), J. W. Marriott Hotel, Washington, DC, February 24–27, 1998 * , Andrew Pergam,

Johns Hopkins University Johns Hopkins University (Johns Hopkins, Hopkins, or JHU) is a private university, private research university in Baltimore, Maryland. Founded in 1876, Johns Hopkins is the oldest research university in the United States and in the western hem ...

, Baltimore, Maryland, February 1998 * "Technology Uplifts Society" - Project DIANE workshop, 25th Annual Meeting of WATTec, sponsored by the

University of Tennessee at Knoxville The University of Tennessee (officially The University of Tennessee, Knoxville; or UT Knoxville; UTK; or UT) is a public land-grant research university in Knoxville, Tennessee. Founded in 1794, two years before Tennessee became the 16th state, ...

and the Knoxville-Oak Ridge Regional Network, Hyatt Regency Hotel, Knoxville, Tennessee, February 16–18, 1998 (forthcoming) * "Project Paragon Takes SBA Further on Information Superhighway"- Section on Project DIANE, Tennessee Register, February 9, 1998, page 5 * , Tennessee Performing Arts Center * , Prepared for the National Foundation for the Improvement of Education, Dr. David Moursund, Principal Investigator,

International Society for Technology in Education The International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) is a nonprofit organization that focuses on accelerating innovation in education through the smart use of technology in education. ISTE provides a variety of services to support profe ...

, January 1998 * , PictureTel Users Group Conference, PUG Monitor, Vol. 6, No. 1, January 1998, coordinated by the Mid-Hudson Regional Computer Center, New Paltz, New York * "Have a Very, Merry Videoteleconferencing (VTC) Christmas" - Project DIANE Virtual Santa Program, The White Falcon, Iceland Defense Force Newsletter,

United States Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the maritime service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. It is the largest and most powerful navy in the world, with the estimated tonnage ...

, Public Affairs Office, New Year's Week 1997/98 Issue * , Page High School Media Center, Franklin Tennessee
How Should High Schools Integrate the Internet into their Curriculum?" - Section on Project DIANE
Aya Aravani, Science Learning Center,

University of Michigan , mottoeng = "Arts, Knowledge, Truth" , former_names = Catholepistemiad, or University of Michigania (1817–1821) , budget = $10.3 billion (2021) , endowment = $17 billion (2021)As o ...

, Ann Arbor, Michigan * "Expansion is Under Way", "Summer Teleconferencing", Sections on Project DIANE, Trunklines, Volume 3, No. 4, December 1997, pages 1, 4 * "Teleconferencing Future Trends and Project DIANE", presentation and live demonstrations, Governor's Economic Summit: Tennessee Tuned-In To Tomorrow, sponsored by Tennessee Governor's Office, Opryland Hotel, Nashville TN, October 29–31, 1997
NeighborhoodLink: Community Network for Cleveland's Inner City" - Section on Project DIANE
Mary Ellen Simon, Proceedings of the Families, Technology, & Education Conference, Edited by Anne S. Robertson, October 30 - November 1, 1997, December 1998 * The Technology Corner - Project DIANE, SBA News, Sept/Oct 1997, page 7

California Distance Learning Project, California Department of Education, Sacramento CA, November 1997 (or )
Harpeth River Environmental and Educational Project" - Section on Project DIANE
Williamson County Board of Education, October 1997 * Educational Videoconferencing Directory - Sections on Project DIANE, 2nd Edition, Center for Occupational Research and Development, Virtual Teaching Network, 1997 * "Peek in on Life of Elephants" - Project DIANE, Tennessean, September 29, 1997, page 4B * "Heaven and Hohenwald Have Elephants" - Project DIANE by Theresa Jensen Lacey, Tennessee Register, September 8, 1997, pages 9 and 17 * ,

Government Technology ''Government Technology'' magazine is the flagship periodical of Folsom, California-based publishing company e.Republic Incorporated. The magazine contains editorial content about information technology in the public-sector The public sect ...

, Volume 10, Number 8, August 1997, page 74 * and also , United States National Information Infrastructure Virtual Library * The Power to Transform: Learning Solutions - Project DIANE Applications Overview Publication, PictureTel Corporation, June 1997 * , American Chamber of Commerce Executives (ACCE), June 1997 * "Visit the Sanctuary! (Without Driving to Hohenwald)" - Project DIANE, Trunklines, Volume 2, No. 3, Elephant Sanctuary Newsletter, June 1997, page 5 * Project DIANE Live Demonstrations, coordinated by Janet Pride and Judy Butler, National Educational Computing Conference, Washington State Convention & Trade Center, Seattle Washington, June 30-July 2, 1997 * "Project DIANE at Elephant Sanctuary" - Lewis County Chamber of Commerce Pilot, Lewis County Herald, June 19, 1997 * "Project DIANE Overview" presentation by Garrett Harper, Toward Sustainable Development: Successful Communities of the '90s, 37th Annual ACCRA Conference, Renaissance Hotel, Cleveland Ohio, June 12–14, 1997 * "SBA Flexes Hi-Tech Stuff at Summit" - Project DIANE, Tennessee Register, June 2, 1997, page 6
ISDN Based Distance Learning Solutions Survey Report" - Sections on Project DIANE

National Taiwan Normal University National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU; ), or ''Shīdà'' is an institution of higher education and normal school operating out of three campuses in Taipei, Taiwan. NTNU is the leading research institute in such disciplines as Education and Lin ...

* Project DIANE & NetworkMCI Multipoint Video Demonstrations and Presentation, DVC '97 West Desktop Video Communications Conference & Exhibition, San Jose Convention Center, San Jose, California, May 19–22, 1997 * , Robert Bellinger,

Electronic Engineering Times ''EE Times'' (''Electronic Engineering Times'') is an electronics industry magazine published in the United States since 1972. EE Times is currently owned by AspenCore, a division of Arrow Electronics since August 2016. Since its acquisition ...

, Issue 953, May 12, 1997
NationsBank Small Business Resource Center: A Free Resource Library for Entrepreneurs
Web Entrepreneur Magazine, May 1997 * "Project DIANE Reception", Green Hills News, April 1997
Bell Atlantic, NYNEX Sponsor 16 Charities At Presidents' Summit for America's Future" - Section on Project DIANE
Bell Atlantic News Release, April 28, 1997 * "Project DIANE Selected to Participate in Presidents' Summit for America's Future Conference", Lewis County Herald, April 24, 1997 *"DIANE Will Show Off at Conference", Tennessean, April 23, 1997, page 8B

Global Information Infrastructure Awards, April 22, 1997 * "Project DIANE Reception" by Larry McCormack, Nashville Banner, April 10, 1997, page D4 * "A Report on MMJ Region Four's Manufacturing Assistance Pilot", Manufacturing Means Jobs Initiative Research Report, March 1997 * Presentation and Live Project DIANE Demonstrations, 7th Annual International Distance Learning Conference (IDLCON), sponsored by United States Distance Learning Association, Washington DC, March 24–26, 1997 * Project DIANE Live Demonstrations and Exhibit Booth, 1997 Tennessee Library Association Conference, Renaissance Hotel and Nashville Convention Center, March 12–14, 1997 * "Business Community Networking - The DIANE Project", 16th Annual Office Systems Research Association Conference, Loews University Plaza, Nashville, Tennessee, February 27-March 1, 1997 * "DIANE Offers High Tech Ways to Enhance Learning" by Joan Anderson, Tennessee Register, Volume 60, Number 3, February 10, 1997, page 13 * "SBA Beams in French Lessons with Far Out Program"- Project DIANE by Joan Anderson, Tennessee Register, Volume 60, Number 3, February 10, 1997, page 12 * "HOT Links Classroom to Stage" - Project DIANE by Kay Hodge, Review Appeal, January 31, 1997, page C1 * "Page, Centennial Students to See 'Miss Saigon' Thanks to Project DIANE" by Ryan Underwood, Williamson A.M. Tennessean, January 28, 1997, page 4F.
Minority Health Professions Schools Telemedicine Assessment Report" - Sections on Project DIANE
on behalf of the National Library of Medicine by Neal Neuberger, Health Tech Strategies & John Scott, Center for Public Service Communications, January 1997 * , Dr. Edwin S. Gleaves, Tennessee State Library & Archives, January 10, 1997
Diversified Information and Assistance Network (DIANE)
Community and Telecollaboration Finalist Lists, National Information Infrastructure Awards (NII) Program, December 1996 * , On The Road to Economic Development - A Guide for Continuing Education Programs at Historically Black Colleges and Universities, U.S. Department of Education,

Office of Educational Research and Improvement The Institute of Education Sciences (IES) is the independent, non-partisan statistics, research, and evaluation arm of the U.S. Department of Education. IES' stated mission is to provide scientific evidence on which to ground education practice ...

, December 1996,
Metal Work Manufacturers to Take Virtual R&D Tour
Tennessee Department of Economic and Community Development News Release, November 1996 * "The Elephant Sanctuary : A Peaceful New Place" - Project DIANE,

Friends of Animals Friends of Animals (FoA) is a non-profit international animal advocacy organization, established in New York City in 1957, working to free animals around the world from cruelty and institutionalized exploitation. The organization's headquarters is ...

, Georgia Chapter, Fall 1996 * "Page Students Join in Teleconference" - Project DIANE, The Review Appeal, Franklin, Tennessee, November 22, 1996 * "CBS Cameraman Films Science Class" - Project DIANE and Elephant Sanctuary, The Monday Memo, November 18, 1996 * "Project DIANE Takes Learning Beyond Classroom Walls", White House Paper, Nashville Dominican Campus Quarterly Report, Fall '96 Issue * "Business Expo '96 - Tuned in to the Future" - Project DIANE Exhibit, Return on Investment, Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce, November 1996 * Personal Videoconferencing - Sections on Project DIANE, by Evan Rosen, Manning/

Prentice-Hall Prentice Hall was an American major educational publisher owned by Savvas Learning Company. Prentice Hall publishes print and digital content for the 6–12 and higher-education market, and distributes its technical titles through the Safari B ...

Publishers, 1996, pages 114, 245, 250, 258, 266, 282
THRAB Long Range Strategic Plan- Goal IV Section on Project DIANE
Tennessee Historical Records Advisory Board, October 1996 * "Experience the World: Visit Project DIANE Booth at Business Expo", Return on Investment, Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce, October 1996 * Editorial - Community Learning Networks, Lifelong learning and Branding by Peter J. Bates, Editor * , September 2, 1996 or

web site. In the same issue, see also the editorial foreword , by the editor Peter J. Bates * "World eyes Nashville through Internet - Project DIANE Visitors", Return on Investment, Volume 7, Number 8, Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce, August 1996 * Project DIANE Presentation and Live Demonstrations, "The View from the Top" Conference, Tennessee School Superintendents, Tennessee Executive Development Program, Sponsored by Tennessee Department of Education, BellSouth Economic Development Center, Nashville TN, May 7–8, 1996 * "Residents Now Have Computer Link to MAC" - Project DIANE by Aissatou Sidime, Tennessean Close Up, May 1, 1996, page 4 * "TFLI Joins Project DIANE", The Accent, Tennessee Foreign Language Institute Quarterly, Volume V, Issue 3, Summer 1996

report submittal of Tennessee Department of Economic and Community Development to Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure Assistance Program, US Department of Commerce * "Virtual Classroom is a Mouse Click Away" - Project DIANE, The Chronicle of Mt. Juliet, Volume 16, Number 22, March 27, 1996 * "World at Students' Fingertips" - Project DIANE by Brent Andrews, The Lebanon Democrat and Wilson County News, Volume 108, Number 60, March 25, 1996, page 1 * Presentation and Live Project DIANE Demonstrations, 6th Annual International Distance Learning Conference (IDLCON), sponsored by United States Distance Learning Association, Hyatt Regency Crystal City, Washington DC, March 19–21, 1996

English Composition Board, University of Michigan, March 17, 1996 * "Chambers of Commerce in the 21st Century: New Roles and Perspectives" - Section on Project DIANE, presentation by Garrett Harper and Stephen Shao, 19th Annual Conference of the Southern Future Society, Hermitage Hotel, Nashville TN, March 14–16th 1996
McKinsey Report: Connecting K-12 Schools to the Information SuperHighway
Chapter on Libraries, Community Centers and Community Networks - Section on Project DIANE, A Report prepared for the National Information Infrastructure Advisory Council (NIIAC), McKinsey & Company, Inc, Palo Alto, California, March 18, 1996 * "Telecommunications in Tennessee, A Watershed" - Section on Project DIANE, Tennessee Public Service Commission Final Report, March 1996 * "Project DIANE: A National Success", Accent, February/March 1996 * "Elephant Sanctuary Joins (DIANE) Network ", ''Lewis County Herald'', February 15, 1996, page 1 * "A Strategic Plan for Belfast to Become a Leading Information City of the 21st Century, Consultative Draft" - Section on Project DIANE, ''Strategic Plan of the InfoCity Consortium and the

Belfast City Council Belfast City Council ( ga, Comhairle Cathrach Bhéal Feirste) is the local authority with responsibility for part of the city of Belfast, the capital and largest city of Northern Ireland. The Council serves an estimated population of (), the l ...

'', February 6, 1996 * "Presidential Panel Endorses DIANE", Return on Investment, Volume 6, Number 2, Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce, February 1996 * "Bill Wilkerson Center's Speech and Language Department Joins Project DIANE", Communicator, Fall/Winter 1995/96 Issue
Diversified Information and Assistance NEtwork
Highway One, A nonprofit democratic technology organization sponsored by AT&T, Apple Computer, IBM and others, Washington DC * "Project DIANE Connects Sister Cities" - Nashville's New Sister City Belfast, Northern Ireland, Return on Investment, Volume 6, Number 1, Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce, January 1996 * , Mary Claire Scanlon, Electronic School, National School Boards Association, January 1996 * "Saint Bernard Moves to Forefront of Technology Race" - Section on Project DIANE, Tennessee Register, January 1, 1996, page 12 * "Kickstart Initiative - Connecting America's Communities to the Information Superhighway" - Section on Project DIANE, ''Final Annual Report of the United States Advisory Council on the National Information Infrastructure'', February 1996 * "Off the Record - Virtual Santa" - Section on Project DIANE by Beth Stein, Nashville Banner, December 13, 1995, page B1 * "The DIANE Project", ''1995 Information Systems Management Conference Proceedings'', sponsored by Tennessee State Government, University of Tennessee Conference Center, Knoxville, Tennessee, December 5–8, 1995 * Instant Replay - Project DIANE, Return on Investment, Volume 5, Number 11, Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce, November 1995 * , Chamber Executive, Volume 22, Number 9, American Chamber of Commerce Association, October 1995 * "Project DIANE Reception", Vanderbilt Register, October 23–29, 1995 * "TSU Forms Child Development Partnership with VUMC", Accent, October/November 1995, page 4 * "Vanderbilt and TSU Form On-Line Partnership for Child Development", Tennessee Tribune, October 20–26, 1995, page 13 (for a copy of this article, see th
Northern Light Special Document Collection
* , Ann Marie Deer Owens, Vanderbilt Register, October 9–15, 1995 * "VU and TSU Form On-Line Child Development Partnership", Nashville Pride, October 8, 1995 * "Vanderbilt, TSU Program to Bring High-Tech Help to Special Needs Children",

, October 2–6, 1995, page 8 * "Access the World Through Project DIANE" - Project DIANE, Return on Investment, Business Expo Convention Center Supplement, Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce, October 1995 * "Project DIANE Reaches Out to Kids", Return on Investment, Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce Newsletter, Vol.5, No. 3, October 1995 * "DIANE Project", Small World, Friends of the Children's Hospital,

Vanderbilt University Medical Center The Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) is a medical provider with multiple hospitals in Nashville, Tennessee, as well as clinics and facilities throughout Middle Tennessee. VUMC is an independent non-profit organization, but maintains acad ...

Newsletter, Fall 1995 * "Diversified Information & Assistance Network (DIANE) Project", presentation by Marva Nettles, Garrett Harper, Kate Sauermann and Stephen Shao, Technology in All Instructional Settings Conference Proceedings, sponsored by the

Tennessee Board of Regents The Tennessee Board of Regents (TBR or The College System of Tennessee) is a system of public universities in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is one of two public university systems, the other being the University of Tennessee system. It was autho ...

, Crown Plaza Hotel/South Central Bell Building, October 2–3, 1995 * "VU, TSU Join in Technology Initiative" - Project DIANE
Vanderbilt Hustler
September 26, 1995 * "Project DIANE", Moving Video to Center Stage: ''4th Annual PictureTel User Group National Conference Proceedings'', Sheraton Music City Hotel, Nashville TN, September 10–13, 1995 * "Tennessee Child Development Partnership Formed", Return on Investment, Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce Newsletter, Vol.5, No. 2, September 1995 * Tennessee Profile - Section on Project DIANE,

The Chronicle of Higher Education ''The Chronicle of Higher Education'' is a newspaper and website that presents news, information, and jobs for college and university faculty and student affairs professionals (staff members and administrators). A subscription is required to rea ...

Almanac Issue, September 1, 1995, page 95
Tennessee Information Infrastructure Meeting Minutes - Section on Project DIANE
TNII Community Network Task Force, August 23, 1995 * "Technology Key to Attracting Business - Chamber Technology and Research Update: Project DIANE", Return on Investment, Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce, Vol.5, No. 1, August 1995 * "DIANE Comes to Tennessee", SETA News, Southeastern Telecommunications Association, Vol.2, No. 2, July 1995, page 5 * DIANE Live Demonstrations & Exhibits, Family Reunion IV Conference: The Family & The Media, moderated by Vice President Al Gore, address by President Bill Clinton, sponsored by Tennessee Select Committee on Children and Youth,

Tennessee General Assembly The Tennessee General Assembly (TNGA) is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is a part-time bicameral legislature consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives. The Speaker of the Senate carries the additional title ...

, Nashville TN, July 9–19, 1995 * "Free from Tennessee" - Project DIANE, Baltimore Business Journal, June 30-July 8, 1995, page 21
Preliminary Report to TNII Steering Committee - Section on Project DIANE
TNII Higher Education Research Task Force, June 23, 1996 * "Project DIANE Implementation Issues", Distance Learning Desktop Implementation Panel, ITCA '95 Conference Proceedings, ''International Teleconferencing Association'', Washington DC, June 13–16, 1995 * Smithsonian Institution Collection on Information Technology Innovation - section on Project DIANE,

Computerworld ''Computerworld'' (abbreviated as CW) is an ongoing decades old professional publication which in 2014 "went digital." Its audience is information technology (IT) and business technology professionals, and is available via a publication website ...

Smithsonian Awards Laureate,

National Museum of American History The National Museum of American History: Kenneth E. Behring Center collects, preserves, and displays the heritage of the United States in the areas of social, political, cultural, scientific, and military history. Among the items on display is t ...

, June 1995 * "Project DIANE Overview" by Barry Blumberg, Interactive Networking Symposium, Sponsored by International Technology Research Inc, Enoch Pratt Free Library and

Morgan State University Morgan State University (Morgan State or MSU) is a public historically black research university in Baltimore, Maryland. It is the largest of Maryland's historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs). In 1867, the university, then known ...

Research Center, Baltimore MD, June 7, 1995 * "DIANE: Diving Into a New Era" by Anna Lynn Little, ''The Tributary'', Spring 1995, Vol., Issue 2, page 5 * "Inner City Access: Network Focuses on Nashville's Poor and Disadvantaged (Online in the City)" - Project DIANE by Goldie Blumenstyk,

, Vol XLI, No. 35, May 12, 1995, page A23
Medical ISDN Applications - Section on Project DIANE
BellSouth Corporation News Releases, May 3, 1995 * , April 26, 1995

an

National Information Infrastructure
U.S. Dept of Commerce
April 1995 * "New Atlas Takes Regional Perspective",

, April 17–21, 1995, page 11 * "Project DIANE Links Chamber to Information Highway", ''Return on Investment'', Published by th
Nashville Area Chamber of Commerce
Vol.4, No. 4, April 1995 * , Sponsored by MidNet and the University of South Carolina, Columbia SC, April 7–8, 1995 * "River Project & Project DIANE: Electronic Field Trips" by Judy Butler, Rita Mott and Stephen Shao, Proceedings of the 12th Annual Tennessee Educational Technology Conference Proceedings, Sponsored by

Tennessee Department of Education The Tennessee Department of Education (TDOE) is the state education agency of Tennessee Tennessee ( , ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States. Tennessee is the 36th-larges ...

Opryland Hotel Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center, formerly known as Opryland Hotel, is a hotel and convention center located in Nashville, Tennessee. It is owned by Ryman Hospitality Properties (formerly known as Gaylord Entertainment Company), and o ...

, Nashville TN, March 12–15, 1995 * Project DIANE ISDN Network Demonstrations, North American ISDN Users Forum Proceedings, Co-Sponsored by

National Institute of Standards & Technology The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is an agency of the United States Department of Commerce whose mission is to promote American innovation and industrial competitiveness. NIST's activities are organized into Outline of p ...

and

BellSouth Corporation BellSouth, LLC (stylized as ''BELLSOUTH'' and formerly known as BellSouth Corporation) was an American telecommunications holding company based in Atlanta, Georgia. BellSouth was one of the seven original Regional Bell Operating Companies after ...

, Tennessee Economic Development Center, Nashville TN, February 28-March 1, 1995 * "DIANE Opens Worldwide Classroom to SBA Students" by Frank Ritter, ''Tennessee Register'', February 27, 1995, page 3 * "Students Explore Far Away Places Without Leaving the Classroom" - Project DIANE by Frank Ritter and Ann Betts, Tennessean Close Up, February 22, 1995, page 4 * "Community Network Collaborations" - Project DIANE, Community Network Panel, Celebration of Distance Learning Conference, Sponsored by Tennessee Education Technology Association Chapters, South Central Bell Building, February 21–22, 1995 * "Students Make Virtual Visit to the Zoo" - Project DIANE by Dana Pride, Nashville Banner, February 13, 1995 * "Computer Links Encourage Student-Expert Interactions" - Project DIANE by Catherine Trevison, The Tennessean, February 5, 1995, page 6B * , Michael Brookes, Ph.D. Thesis,

Deakin University Deakin University is a public university in Victoria, Australia. Founded in 1974, the university was named after Alfred Deakin, the second Prime Minister of Australia. Its main campuses are in Melbourne's Burwood suburb, Geelong Waurn Ponds, ...

, School of Management Information Systems, Victoria, Australia, 1995–99
Project DIANE is a Virtual Community Net
''Communications News'', February 1995, * "The Future is Here!" - Project DIANE, ''The Current'', Vol. 1, No. 3, January/February 1995 * "DIANE Project Connects Schools to World" by Kristi Walker, ''Brentwood Journal'', January 25, 1995, page 1 * "Groups at Community Centers Dancing Together by Way of Computer" by Wendy Kurland, Tennessean Close Up, November 30, 1995, page 3 * "Mustafa's Dancing Thrills Two Groups" - Project DIANE, Tennessean Close Up, November 2, 1994, page 4 * "Center Will Help Create Minority Opportunities" - Project DIANE by David Flaum,

Memphis Commercial Appeal ''The Commercial Appeal'' (also known as the ''Memphis Commercial Appeal'') is a daily newspaper of Memphis, Tennessee, and its surrounding metropolitan area. It is owned by the Gannett Company; its former owner, the E. W. Scripps Company, also ...

, October 27, 1994, page B1 * "DIANE Project Brings Multimedia Terminals Online" by Cyrus Afzali, Nashville Business Journal, October 17–21, 1994, page 20 * "FYI Tennessee, The First 4 Years: A Review, Status Report, and Updated Projection Report" - Section on Project DIANE, published by the

Tennessee Public Service Commission The Tennessee Public Service Commission, also called Tennessee Railroad and Public Utilities Commission, was a three-member elected body which regulated private utilities, trucking firms, and railroads within the U.S. state of Tennessee. It was dis ...

, October 1994 * "Region's Economic Diversity on Display at Business Expo'94" - Project DIANE,

, October 10–14, 1994, page 3 * "Multimedia Teleconferencing for Small Business Development", Workshop Presentation, 1994 Chamber Business Expo, Nashville Convention Center, October 12–13, 1994 * "Chamber of Commerce, Project DIANE Sponsoring Telecommunications Project", The Ledger, Nashville Banner, October 10, 1994, page 5 * "Business Expo Video Conferencing" - Project DIANE, The Nashville Record, October 6, 1994 * "Multimedia Network Expands in Tennessee and Alabama" - Project DIANE, Communications Industries Report, Vol.11, No.9, International Communications Industries Association, September 1994, page 31 * "Project DIANE Service Network", Business Without Boundaries - MCI Virtual Network Users Conference Proceedings, Scottsdale, Arizona, September 12–14, 1994 * "DIANE Project Overview", ITCA '94 Conference, Loews Anatole, Dallas, TX, International Teleconferencing Association Proceedings, June 20–22, 1994 * "Amazing Things Happen When High Speed Switched Digital Lines Connect Computers" - Project DIANE, MCI Customer Newsletter 120%, July 1994 * "NationsBank Small Business Center" - DIANE Project, Community Reinvesting, July 1994 * "Computer Lets People Talk To, See Each Other" by Kevin Pollard,Tennessean Close Up, June 1, 1994 * "Observation Deck"- Project DIANE by Vince Vittore, ''America's Network'', May 15, 1994, page 6 * "Telemedicine Putting Rural Areas On-Line to Care" - Project DIANE by Judy Holland, Nashville Banner, May 9, 1994, page B4. * "Network Providing People a New View Via Computer Linkup" by Kevin Pollard, Tennessean Close Up, May 4, 1994, page 6 * "Information Highway - Project DIANE" by Betsy Ketsdever, Dimensions of Integrating Video and Literacy Instruction, International Reading Association SIG Newsletter, April 1994 * "Education & Community Service Networking"- Project DIANE, ISDN in Education Conference, Nashville Convention Center, Nashville TN, March 14–16, 1994 * "High Tech Highway" - Project DIANE by Tonya Kennedy, Special Information Superhighway Supplement, Nashville Banner, March 28, 1994 * "Computer Network" - Project DIANE by Rodney Eubanks, Covington Leader, March 2, 1994 * "High Tech Sharing Helps Students, Businesses and the Community" - Project DIANE by Stephen Shao, The Tennessean, February 6, 1994 * "Network Promotes Universal Access" - Project DIANE by Jim DiLorenzo,

Telephony Telephony ( ) is the field of technology involving the development, application, and deployment of telecommunication services for the purpose of electronic transmission of voice, fax, or data, between distant parties. The history of telephony is i ...

, February 14, 1994 * "Poor Need On-Ramp to Info Age" - Project DIANE by Tonya Kennedy, Nashville Banner, February 3, 1994 * A Report on the DIANE Project's City Share Pilot, November 1993, 63 pages * "Music City and Rocket City Linked Through ISDN Project" - Project DIANE by Commissioner Keith Bissell, Tennessee Public Service Commission Newsletter, August 1993 * "Edgehill Youngsters Catch a Glimpse of Future at TSU" - Project DIANE by Norma White, Metropolitan Times, page 22, August 17, 1993 * "Reaching Out with a Network" - Project DIANE by Ed Gregory, The Tennessean, August 8, 1993 * "The DIANE Project: An Overview", ISDN User, Vol. 7, No. 3, July/August 1993 * "The DIANE Project's Nashville Pilot", ISDN User, Vol. 7, No. 3, July/August 1993 * "Technology Makes Idea from The Jetsons A Reality" - Project DIANE by Reagan Walker, The Tennessean, page 4B, July 24, 1993 * "A&M, Tennessee State Share Computer Network" - Project DIANE by Phillip Taylor,

Huntsville Times ''The Huntsville Times'' is a thrice-weekly newspaper published in Huntsville, Alabama, and printed in Birmingham, Alabama. It also serves the surrounding areas of north Alabama's Tennessee Valley region. The ''Times'' formerly operated as an af ...

, July 16, 1993 * "Tennessee State U. Computer Project Test Variety of Community Services" by David Wilson, The Chronicle of Higher Education, March 3, 1993 (http://www.chronicle.com/) * A Report on the DIANE Project's Nashville Pilot, February 1993, 42 pages * "Pushing State's High-Tech Buttons" by Stephen Shao, Taking Stock in Tennessee, Special Tennessean Report, page 29, February 7, 1993 * "DIANE Project Explores Learning Technologies" by Azizuddin Nasir, Metropolitan Times, January 31, 1993 * "DIANE Project to Create Educational, Business Link" by Rhonnda Kerr,

, November 23–27, 1992 * "Chamber of Commerce, TSU Push for Data Network" by Joe Hall, Nashville Business Journal, September 28-October 2, 1992 * "DIANE Project an Aid to Small Business Owners" by Rhonnda Kerr, Nashville Business Journal, November 23–27, 1992 * Project DIANE Testimony, Tennessee Public Service Commission Hearings on Integrated Services Digital Network, Nashville, Tennessee, November 4, 1992 {{colend Assistive technology Information technology in the United States Videotelephony Telecommunication services Teleconferencing