Poultry diseases occur in poultry, which are domesticated birds kept for their meat, eggs or feathers. Poultry species include the chicken, turkey, duck, goose and ostrich.

Viral diseases

Avian infectious bronchitis Avian infectious bronchitis (IB) is an acute and highly contagious respiratory disease of chickens. The disease is caused by avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a coronavirus (Coronaviridae, Orthocoronavirinae, genus ''Gammacoronavirus'', ...

, caused by a strain of

Avian coronavirus ''Avian coronavirus'' is a species of virus from the genus '' Gammacoronavirus'' that infects birds; since 2018, all gammacoronaviruses which infect birds have been classified as this single species. The strain of avian coronavirus previously k ...

previously known as infectious bronchitis virus * Avian infectious laryngotracheitis, caused by

Gallid alphaherpesvirus 1 ''Gallid alphaherpesvirus 1'' (GaHV-1) is a species of virus in the order ''Herpesvirales'', family ''Herpesviridae'', subfamily ''Alphaherpesvirinae'', and genus ''Iltovirus''. Originally recognised in chickens in the United States in 1926, thi ...

Avian influenza Avian influenza, known informally as avian flu or bird flu, is a variety of influenza caused by viruses adapted to birds.Duck plague Duck plague (also known as duck viral enteritis) is a worldwide disease caused by ''Anatid alphaherpesvirus 1'' (AnHV-1) of the family ''Herpesviridae'' that causes acute disease with high mortality rates in flocks of ducks, geese, and swans. It ...

, caused by Anatid alphaherpesvirus 1 * Chicken infectious anemia, caused by Chicken anaemia virus * Epidemic tremor, caused by Tremovirus *

Fowlpox Fowlpox is the worldwide disease of poultry caused by viruses of the family ''Poxviridae'' and the genus ''Avipoxvirus''. The viruses causing fowlpox are distinct from one another but antigenically similar, possible hosts including chickens, tu ...

, caused by viruses in the genus ''

Avipoxvirus ''Avipoxvirus'' (avian pox) is a genus of viruses within the family ''Poxviridae''. ''Poxviridae'' is the family of viruses which cause the afflicted organism to have poxes as a symptom. Poxviruses have generally large genomes, and other such ex ...

'' * Infectious bursal disease (IBD), also known Gumboro disease, caused by

Infectious bursal disease virus An infection is the invasion of tissues by pathogens, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agent and the toxins they produce. An infectious disease, also known as a transmissible disease or communicable dis ...

Lymphoid leukosis Lymphoid leucosis is a disease that affects chickens, caused by the retrovirus ''Avian leukosis virus''. It is a neoplastic disease caused by a virus, which may take the form of a tumor of the bursa of Fabricius and may metastasize to other tiss ...

caused by

avian sarcoma leukosis virus Avian sarcoma leukosis virus (ASLV) is an endogenous retrovirus that infects and can lead to cancer in chickens; experimentally it can infect other species of birds and mammals. ASLV replicates in chicken embryo fibroblasts, the cells that contr ...

Marek's disease Marek's disease is a highly contagious viral neoplastic disease in chickens. It is named after József Marek, a Hungarian veterinarian who described it in 1907. Marek's disease is caused by an alphaherpesvirus known as "Marek's disease virus" ...

* Newcastle disease * Viral arthritis, caused by

Avian reovirus Avian orthoreovirus, also known as avian reovirus, is an orthoreovirus from the Reoviridae family. Infection causes arthritis and tenosynovitis in poultry. It can also cause respiratory disease. Avian orthoreovirus infection is more common in yo ...

Parasitic diseases

Scaly leg Scaly foot, or knemidocoptiasis is a bird ailment that is common among caged birds and also affects many other bird species. It is caused by mites in the genus '' Knemidokoptes'' which burrow into the bird's flesh. The tunnels made by the mite ...

, caused by the mite ''

Knemidocoptes mutans ''Knemidokoptes mutans'', also known as the scaly leg mite, is a species of mite Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods). Mites span two large orders of arachnids, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically ...

'' * Infestation by ''

Dermanyssus gallinae ''Dermanyssus gallinae'' (also known as the red mite) is a haematophagous ectoparasite of poultry. It has been implicated as a vector of several major pathogenic diseases. Despite its common names, it has a wide range of hosts including sever ...

'', the red poultry mite * Infestation by '' Echidnophaga gallinacea'', the sticktight flea

Bacterial diseases

* Colibacillosis in poultry *

Infectious coryza in chickens Infectious coryza is a serious bacterial disease of chickens, which affects respiratory system, and it is manifested by inflammation of the area below the eye, nasal discharge, and sneezing.Blackall P J, Matsumoto M., Yamamoto R. Infectious cory ...

* '' Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale'' * Pullorum disease * '' Riemerella anatipestifer'' * Salmonellosis in poultry * Staphylococcal infection in poultry * Streptococcal infection in poultry * Omphalitis in chicks (mushy chick disease) * Mycoplasmosis *

Fowl cholera Fowl cholera is also called avian cholera, avian pasteurellosis, avian hemorrhagic septicemia. Abraham b. It is the most common pasteurellosis of poultry. As the causative agent is '' Pasteurella multocida'', it is considered to be a zoonosis. A ...

Campylobacteriosis Campylobacteriosis is an infection by the ''Campylobacter'' bacterium, most commonly '' C. jejuni''. It is among the most common bacterial infections of humans, often a foodborne illness. It produces an inflammatory, sometimes bloody, diarrhea or ...

Pseudomonas ''Pseudomonas'' is a genus of Gram-negative, Gammaproteobacteria, belonging to the family Pseudomonadaceae and containing 191 described species. The members of the genus demonstrate a great deal of metabolic diversity and consequently are able to ...

* Ornithobacteriosis

Protozoal diseases

Histomoniasis Histomoniasis is a commercially significant disease of poultry, particularly of chickens and turkeys, due to parasitic infection of a protozoan, '' Histomonas meleagridis''. The protozoan is transmitted to the bird by the nematode parasite '' Hete ...

(blackhead disease), caused by ''

Histomonas meleagridis ''Histomonas meleagridis'' is a species of parasitic protozoan that infects a wide range of birds including chickens, turkeys, peafowl, quail and pheasants, causing infectious enterohepatitis, or histomoniasis (blackhead diseases). ''H. meleagri ...

'' *

Coccidiosis Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease of the intestinal tract of animals caused by coccidian protozoa. The disease spreads from one animal to another by contact with infected feces or ingestion of infected tissue. Diarrhea, which may become bloody in ...

Fungal diseases

Ergotism Ergotism (pron. ) is the effect of long-term ergot poisoning, traditionally due to the ingestion of the alkaloids produced by the ''Claviceps purpurea'' fungus—from the Latin "club" or clavus "nail" and for "head", i.e. the purple club-he ...

, which occurs when poultry feed is contaminated with toxic alkaloids produced by fungi of the genus ''

Claviceps Ergot ( ) or ergot fungi refers to a group of fungi of the genus ''Claviceps''. The most prominent member of this group is ''Claviceps purpurea'' ("rye ergot fungus"). This fungus grows on rye and related plants, and produces alkaloids that ca ...

'' *

Aspergillosis Aspergillosis is a fungal infection of usually the lungs, caused by the genus ''Aspergillus'', a common mould that is breathed in frequently from the air around, but does not usually affect most people. It generally occurs in people with lung dis ...

, a non-contagious disease caused when birds inhale ''

Aspergillus ' () is a genus consisting of several hundred mold species found in various climates worldwide. ''Aspergillus'' was first catalogued in 1729 by the Italian priest and biologist Pier Antonio Micheli. Viewing the fungi under a microscope, Mich ...

'' spores *

Ringworm Dermatophytosis, also known as ringworm, is a fungal infection of the skin. Typically it results in a red, itchy, scaly, circular rash. Hair loss may occur in the area affected. Symptoms begin four to fourteen days after exposure. Multiple ar ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Poultry disease Lists of animal diseases