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' ( en, police actions) refers to two major military offensives undertaken by the Netherlands on Java and Sumatra against the Republic of Indonesia during its struggle for independence in the Indonesian National Revolution. In Indonesia they are known collectively as the ' ( en, Dutch Military Aggressions), although the term ' is also used. *
Operation Product Operation Product was a Dutch military offensive against areas of Java and Sumatra controlled by the Republic of Indonesia during the Indonesian National Revolution.Vickers (2005), p. 99 It took place between 21 July and 4 August 1947. Referred ...
took place from 21 July until 5 August 1947. ** Product North referred to the amphibious landing on Pasir Putih, East Java. ** Product East encompassed the amphibious action in the Meneng Bay. ** Product South referred to the southward offensive launched from
Porong Porong is a district in Sidoarjo Regency, East Java, Indonesia. It has a population of 68,243 (2018). Located about south of the regency seat, it bordered by Krembung in the west, Pasuruan Regency in the south, Tanggulangin in the north. Villag ...
. * Operation Kraai, took place from 19 December 1948 until 5 January 1949. ** Actions of the '' Mariniersbrigade'' in East Java were instead referred to as Operation Zeemeeuw.


Other "police actions"

* Operation Trackman (
Gresik Gresik Regency ( older spelling: Grissee, ) is a regency within East Java Province of Indonesia. As well as a large part of the Surabaya northern and western suburbs, it includes the offshore Bawean Island, some 125 km to the north of Java a ...
, 10 Augustus 1946) * Operation Quantico (Gresik, 19 August 1946) * Operation Ideaal (
Mojokerto Mojokerto ( jv, ꦩꦗꦏꦼꦂꦠ (''Måjåkěrtå'')) is a city in East Java Province, Indonesia. It is located 40 km southwest of Surabaya, and constitutes one of the component units of the Surabaya metropolitan area (known as Gerbangkert ...
, 17 March 1947) *
Malang Malang (; ) is a landlocked city in the Indonesian province of East Java. It has a history dating back to the age of Singhasari Kingdom. It is the second most populous city in the province, with a population of 820,043 at the 2010 Census and 8 ...
Operation (30 June 1947) * Operation Carthago ( Asembagus, 5 September 1947) * Operation Albatros (
Pacitan Pacitan Regency ( id, Kabupaten Pacitan) is a regency located in the southwestern corner of East Java Province, with Central Java Province on its western border. Located between 7.55° - 8.17°S and 110.55° - 111.25°E. The borders of Pacitan Reg ...
, 12 January 1949) * Operation Otter ( Prigi Bay, 7–18 April 1949) * Paciran Operation (20–28 May 1949)


References


Further reading

* Heijboer, P., ''De Politionele Acties - De strijd om 'Indië' 1945/1949'', Haarlem: Fibula-van Dishoeck, 1979. * Teitler, G. & Groen, P.M.H., ''De Politionele acties: afwikkeling en verwerking'', Amsterdam: De Bataafsche Leeuw, 1987. {{ISBN, 9067071390 * Jong, L. de, '' Het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden in de Tweede Wereldoorlog'', volume 12, The Hague: Sdu, 1988. Indonesian National Revolution 1947 in the Dutch East Indies 1949 in the Dutch East Indies nl:Indonesische Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog