Plasma treatment is a
surface modification process for
textiles that imparts various functional properties at a lower
cost
In production, research, retail, and accounting, a cost is the value of money that has been used up to produce something or deliver a service, and hence is not available for use anymore. In business, the cost may be one of acquisition, in whic ...
, with fewer
chemical
A chemical substance is a form of matter having constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. Some references add that chemical substance cannot be separated into its constituent elements by physical separation methods, i.e., w ...
adverse effects, and with a reduced
environmental impact
Environmental issues are effects of human activity on the biophysical environment, most often of which are harmful effects that cause environmental degradation. Environmental protection is the practice of protecting the natural environment on t ...
all while maintaining important textile properties.
Plasma
After
solid
Solid is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being liquid, gas, and plasma). The molecules in a solid are closely packed together and contain the least amount of kinetic energy. A solid is characterized by structural ...
,
liquid, and
gas
Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, liquid, and plasma).
A pure gas may be made up of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), elemental molecules made from one type of atom (e.g. oxygen), or ...
, plasma is referred to as the
fourth state of matter. Non-thermal and cold plasma are used to modify the surfaces of textiles. Interactions with cold plasma have little effect on the bulk characteristics of textiles. When a cold plasma interacts with a material contained within it (substrate), a variety of events occur, individually or in combination. Four major types of effects are: Cross-linking, etching, functionalization, and the formation of a deposit on the substrate's surface.
Advantages
Plasma treatment in textiles can produce various functional properties, such as antimicrobial textiles, and water repellent textiles. In comparison to conventional
finishing procedures, plasmas have the significant advantage of lower chemical,
water
Water (chemical formula ) is an Inorganic compound, inorganic, transparent, tasteless, odorless, and Color of water, nearly colorless chemical substance, which is the main constituent of Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids of all known living ...
, and
energy
In physics, energy (from Ancient Greek: ἐνέργεια, ''enérgeia'', “activity”) is the quantitative property that is transferred to a body or to a physical system, recognizable in the performance of work and in the form of hea ...
use. Plasma treatment is environmentally friendly because it is comparable to a dry process.
[{{Citation, last1=Dave, first1=Hemen, title=8 - Nonthermal plasma: A promising green technology to improve environmental performance of textile industries, date=2019-01-01, url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081024911000083, work=The Impact and Prospects of Green Chemistry for Textile Technology, pages=199–249, editor-last=Shahid-ul-Islam, series=The Textile Institute Book Series, publisher=Woodhead Publishing, language=en, isbn=978-0-08-102491-1, access-date=2022-02-17, last2=Ledwani, first2=Lalita, last3=Nema, first3=S. K., editor2-last=Butola, editor2-first=B. S.]
See also
*
Textile performance
Textile performance, also known as fitness for purpose, is a textile's capacity to withstand various conditions, environments, and hazards, qualifying it for particular uses. The performance of textile products influences their appearance, comfo ...
References
Textile treatments
Properties of textiles
Textile techniques