Peter Heinrich Lambert von Hess (29 July 1792 – 4 April 1871) was a German painter, known for historic paintings, especially of the
Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of Fre ...
and the
Greek War of Independence
The Greek War of Independence, also known as the Greek Revolution or the Greek Revolution of 1821, was a successful war of independence by Greek revolutionaries against the Ottoman Empire between 1821 and 1829. The Greeks were later assisted by ...
.
Life
Peter von Hess initially received training from his father
Carl Ernst Christoph Hess. He accompanied his younger brother
Heinrich Maria to Munich in 1806, and enrolled at the
Munich Academy
The Academy of Fine Arts, Munich (german: Akademie der Bildenden Künste München, also known as Munich Academy) is one of the oldest and most significant art academies in Germany. It is located in the Maxvorstadt district of Munich, in Bavaria, ...
at the age of sixteen. He also trained under
Wilhelm von Kobell.
During the
Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of Fre ...
, he was allowed to join the staff of General
Wrede
Wrede is a surname that includes two different noble families, the German princely one and Finnish-Swede noble family "von Wrede" that originated from Westphalia
Westphalia (; german: Westfalen ; nds, Westfalen ) is a region of northwestern ...
, who commanded the
Bavarians
Bavarians ( Bavarian: ''Boarn'', Standard German: ''Baiern'') are an ethnographic group of Germans of the Bavaria region, a state within Germany. The group's dialect or speech is known as the Bavarian language, native to Altbayern ("Old Bavar ...
in the military operations which led to the abdication of
Napoleon
Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader wh ...
. There he gained novel experiences of war and a taste for extensive travel. During this time, von Hess painted his first battle pieces. In 1818, he spent some time in
Italy
Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...
where he painted landscapes and various Italian scenes and travelled to Naples with
Joseph Petzl
Joseph Petzl (23 December 1803, Munich – 23 April 1871, Munich) was a German genre painter of the Biedermeier school. He has left a collection of drawings documenting his everyday life, love affairs and travels, now in the Münchner Stadtmu ...
and a group of other Bavarian artists.
In 1833, at King
Ludwig I of Bavaria
en, Louis Charles Augustus
, image = Joseph Karl Stieler - King Ludwig I in his Coronation Robes - WGA21796.jpg
, caption = Portrait by Joseph Stieler, 1825
, succession=King of Bavaria
, reign =
, coronation ...
's request, he accompanied
Otto of Greece
Otto (, ; 1 June 181526 July 1867) was a Bavarian prince who ruled as King of Greece from the establishment of the monarchy on 27 May 1832, under the Convention of London, until he was deposed on 23 October 1862.
The second son of King Ludw ...
to the newly formed Kingdom of Greece, where at
Athens
Athens ( ; el, Αθήνα, Athína ; grc, Ἀθῆναι, Athênai (pl.) ) is both the capital and largest city of Greece. With a population close to four million, it is also the seventh largest city in the European Union. Athens dominates a ...
he gathered materials for pictures of the war of liberation. The sketches which he then made were placed, forty in number, in the
Pinakothek
A pinacotheca (Latin borrowing from grc, πινακοθήκη, pinakothēkē = grc, πίναξ, pinax, (painted) board, tablet, label=none + grc, θήκη, thēkē, box, chest, label=none) was a picture gallery in either ancient Greece or an ...
, after being copied in wax on a large scale by
Nilsen
Nilsen is a surname of Norwegian origin, meaning "son of Nils". It refers to:
* Adolf Nilsen (1895–1927), Norwegian Olympic rower
* Alfred Nilsen (1892–1977), Norwegian politician; served one term in the Storting 1950–54
* Alfred Sigurd Nil ...
, in the northern arcades of the
Hofgarten at Munich.
King Otho's entrance into
Nauplia
Nafplio ( ell, Ναύπλιο) is a coastal city located in the Peloponnese in Greece and it is the capital of the regional unit of Argolis and an important touristic destination. Founded in antiquity, the city became an important seaport in the ...
was the subject of a large and crowded canvas now in the Pinakothek, which Hess executed in person.
Evaluation
Peter von Hess' work has been evaluated positively for its execution but some have questioned its boldness and congeniality.
He is buried in the
Alter Südfriedhof
The Alter Südfriedhof (''Old South Cemetery'') also known as "Alter Südlicher Friedhof" is a cemetery in Munich, Germany. It was founded by Duke Albrecht V as a plague cemetery in 1563 about half a kilometer south of the Sendlinger Ga ...
in
Munich
Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and ...
.
Works
Image: AlexanderYpsilantisPruth.jpg, ''Alexander Ypsilantis
Alexandros Ypsilantis ( el, Αλέξανδρος Υψηλάντης, Aléxandros Ypsilántis, ; ro, Alexandru Ipsilanti; russian: Александр Константинович Ипсиланти, Aleksandr Konstantinovich Ipsilanti; 12 Dece ...
crosses the Pruth''
Image: Andrea Miaoulis by Peter von Hess.jpg, ''Andreas Vokos Miaoulis
Andreas Vokos, better known by his nickname Miaoulis ( el, Ανδρέας Βώκος Μιαούλης; 1765 – 24 June 1835), was a Greek revolutionary, admiral, and politician who commanded Greek naval forces during the Greek War of Indepe ...
''
Image: Mavrokordatos by Hess.jpg, ''Alexandros Mavrokordatos
Alexandros Mavrokordatos ( el, Αλέξανδρος Μαυροκορδάτος; 11 February 179118 August 1865) was a Greek statesman, diplomat, politician and member of the Mavrocordatos family of Phanariotes.
Biography
In 1812, Mavrokordato ...
defends Missolonghi''
Image: Bouboulina painting by Von Hess.jpg, ''Bouboulina
Laskarina Bouboulina ( el, Λασκαρίνα Μπουμπουλίνα; 1771 – 22 May 1825) was a Greek naval commander, heroine of the Greek War of Independence in 1821, and considered the first woman to attain the rank of admiral.
She was b ...
''
Image: Sacred_band_dragatsani_battle.jpg, '' Sacred Band fighting at Dragatsani''
Image: Crossing the Berezina River, by Peter von Hess.jpg, ''Battle of Berezina
The Battle of (the) Berezina (or Beresina) took place from 26 to 29 November 1812, between Napoleon's Grande Armée and the Imperial Russian Army under Field Marshal Wittgenstein and Admiral Chichagov. Napoleon was retreating back toward Pola ...
(1812)''
Image: Hess Krasnoy1812.jpg, ''Battle of Krasnoi
The Battle of Krasnoi (Krasny) was a series of skirmishes fought from 15 to 18 November 1812 during the final stage of Napoleon's retreat from Moscow.Lieven, p. 267. In this engagement the Russians under General Kutuzov inflicted heavy losses ...
(14 August 1812)''
Image: Peter von Hess - The Entry of King Othon of Greece in Athens - WGA11387.jpg, '' Otto’s entry to Athens''
Image: Peter von Hess Antonis Oikonomou Ydra.jpg, ''Antonis Oikonomou
Antonis Oikonomou ( el, Αντώνης Οικονόμου; 1785 – 16 December 1821) was a Greece, Greek naval captain in the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire.
Life
Antonis was born in Hydra (island), Hydra and became a sai ...
''
Image: Hanging of Patriarch Gregory V.JPG, ''The hanging of Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople
Gregory V ( el, , born , ''Georgios Angelopoulos''; 1746) was Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from 1797 to 1798, from 1806 to 1808, and from 1818 to 1821. He was responsible for much restoration work to the Patriarchal Cathedral of S ...
''
Image: Ο Μπότσαρης αποθνήσκει στο καρπενήσι. Εγχρωμη λιθογραφία. Peter Von Hess..jpg, ''Botsaris dying in Karpenisi
Karpenisi ( el, Καρπενήσι, ) is a town in central Greece. It is the capital of the regional unit of Evrytania. Karpenisi is situated in the valley of the river Karpenisiotis (Καρπενησιώτης), a tributary of the Megdovas, in ...
''
Notes
References
*
External links
Peter-von-Hess.comPinakothek.de info
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hess
19th-century German painters
19th-century German male artists
German male painters
19th-century war artists
German war artists
1792 births
1871 deaths
Academy of Fine Arts, Munich alumni
German philhellenes
Burials at the Alter Südfriedhof