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Frederick Paul Fromm (born January 3, 1949) is a Canadian former high school teacher,
white supremacist White supremacy or white supremacism is the belief that white people are superior to those of other races and thus should dominate them. The belief favors the maintenance and defense of any power and privilege held by white people. White s ...
,
neo-Nazi Neo-Nazism comprises the post–World War II militant, social, and political movements that seek to revive and reinstate Nazi ideology. Neo-Nazis employ their ideology to promote hatred and racial supremacy (often white supremacy), attack ...
, and perennial political candidate. Fromm is the international director of the white supremacist organization
Council of Conservative Citizens The Council of Conservative Citizens (CofCC or CCC) is an American white supremacist organization. Founded in 1985, it advocates white nationalism, and supports some paleoconservative causes. In the organization's statement of principles, it st ...
and is the director of several
far-right Far-right politics, also referred to as the extreme right or right-wing extremism, are political beliefs and actions further to the right of the left–right political spectrum than the standard political right, particularly in terms of being ...
groups in Canada, most notably the
Canadian Association for Free Expression The Canadian Association for Free Expression (CAFE) is one of a number of groups run by neo-Nazi and white supremacist Paul Fromm. Established in 1981, CAFE states that it is committed to the promotion and defense of total freedom of speech, an ...
,
Citizens for Foreign Aid Reform Citizens for Foreign Aid Reform (C-FAR) is one of a number of groups run by neo-Nazi and white supremacist Paul Fromm. It was founded in 1976 by Fromm after he had left the white supremacist Western Guard organization. C-FAR became closely linke ...
and the Canada First Immigration Reform Committee. He has hosted a radio show on the '' Stormfront'' web site and has ties to former
Ku Klux Klan The Ku Klux Klan (), commonly shortened to the KKK or the Klan, is an American white supremacist, right-wing terrorist, and hate group whose primary targets are African Americans, Jews, Latinos, Asian Americans, Native Americans, and Cat ...
members
David Duke David Ernest Duke (born July 1, 1950) is an American white supremacist, antisemitic conspiracy theorist, far-right politician, convicted felon, and former Grand Wizard of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan. From 1989 to 1992, he was a membe ...
, Don Black, and Mark Martin, a white supremacist rally organizer in
Covington, Ohio Covington is a village in Miami County, Ohio, United States. The population was 2,584 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Dayton Metropolitan Statistical Area. The village was incorporated as Covington in 1835 on the site of the 1793 Fort Rowdy ...
. The ''
National Post The ''National Post'' is a Canadian English-language broadsheet newspaper available in several cities in central and western Canada. The paper is the flagship publication of Postmedia Network and is published Mondays through Saturdays, with ...
'' newspaper described him as "one of Canada's most notorious white supremacists".McIntyre, Mike. "Children seized over neo-Nazi allegations", ''
National Post The ''National Post'' is a Canadian English-language broadsheet newspaper available in several cities in central and western Canada. The paper is the flagship publication of Postmedia Network and is published Mondays through Saturdays, with ...
'', June 10, 2008.
Since 2018, he has been based in
Hamilton, Ontario Hamilton is a port city in the Canadian province of Ontario. Hamilton has a population of 569,353, and its census metropolitan area, which includes Burlington and Grimsby, has a population of 785,184. The city is approximately southwest of ...
, but he previously lived in
Mississauga Mississauga ( ), historically known as Toronto Township, is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario. It is situated on the shores of Lake Ontario in the Regional Municipality of Peel, adjoining the western border of Toronto. With a popu ...
,
Ontario Ontario ( ; ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada.Ontario is located in the geographic eastern half of Canada, but it has historically and politically been considered to be part of Central Canada. Located in Central Ca ...
, outside of
Toronto Toronto ( ; or ) is the capital city of the Canadian province of Ontario. With a recorded population of 2,794,356 in 2021, it is the most populous city in Canada and the fourth most populous city in North America. The city is the anch ...
, since the 1970s.


Family

Fromm was born in
Bogotá Bogotá (, also , , ), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santa Fe de Bogotá (; ) during the Spanish period and between 1991 and 2000, is the capital city of Colombia, and one of the larges ...
, Colombia to Canadian parents,"Burke Society says violence 'manly' way to fight Communists", ''Toronto Star'', October 19, 1971 and grew up in
Etobicoke Etobicoke (, ) is an administrative district of, and one of six municipalities amalgamated into, the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Comprising the city's west-end, Etobicoke was first settled by Europeans in the 1790s, and the municipalit ...
in a devout
Catholic The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
family. His mother, Marguerite Michaud, was of
French Canadian French Canadians (referred to as Canadiens mainly before the twentieth century; french: Canadiens français, ; feminine form: , ), or Franco-Canadians (french: Franco-Canadiens), refers to either an ethnic group who trace their ancestry to Fre ...
descent, while his father, Frederick William Fromm, was of
German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...
and Irish descent.McLaren, Christie. "Edmund Burke society founder Tory official backs idea of supreme race", ''
The Globe and Mail ''The Globe and Mail'' is a Canadian newspaper printed in five cities in western and central Canada. With a weekly readership of approximately 2 million in 2015, it is Canada's most widely read newspaper on weekdays and Saturdays, although it ...
'', April 28, 1981.
His father enlisted in the
Royal Canadian Navy The Royal Canadian Navy (RCN; french: Marine royale canadienne, ''MRC'') is the naval force of Canada. The RCN is one of three environmental commands within the Canadian Armed Forces. As of 2021, the RCN operates 12 frigates, four attack subma ...
during
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
. After the war, he qualified as a chartered accountant and worked in Colombia for an oil company. After Fromm was born, the family returned to Ontario where his father found work as an accountant with the provincial Department of Highways.Staff (June 3, 2009
"Obituary: Frederick William Fromm"
''
Toronto Star The ''Toronto Star'' is a Canadian English-language broadsheet daily newspaper. The newspaper is the country's largest daily newspaper by circulation. It is owned by Toronto Star Newspapers Limited, a subsidiary of Torstar Corporation and par ...
''


Teaching career

Fromm began teaching at
Applewood Heights Secondary School Applewood Heights Secondary School is a public secondary school in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada and is part of the Peel District School Board. It offers a Specialist High Skills Major in sports (SHSM), and a regional sports program (RSP). Nota ...
in 1973. During a public meeting on race relations in 1991, he said "scalp them", while activist Rodney Bobiwash of the
Native Canadian Centre Native may refer to: People * Jus soli, citizenship by right of birth * Indigenous peoples, peoples with a set of specific rights based on their historical ties to a particular territory ** Native Americans (disambiguation) In arts and enterta ...
was speaking. The
Canadian Jewish Congress The Canadian Jewish Congress (, , ) was, for more than ninety years, the main advocacy group for the Jewish community in Canada. Regarded by many as the "Parliament of Canadian Jewry," the Congress was at the forefront of the struggle for human ...
and community and race relations committee chair Art Eggleton called for review of his employment; the Native Canadian Centre of Toronto called for his dismissal. Fromm said his remark was misinterpreted, and claimed to leave his politics out of the classroom. Fromm's 1990 speech to the Western Guard was shown to the
Peel District School Board The Peel District School Board (PDSB; known as English-Language Public District School Board No. 19 prior to 1999) is a school district that serves approximately 153,000 kindergarten to grade 12 students at more than 259 schools in the Region ...
in 1992, prompting the board to ask the province to review Fromm's contract, warn Fromm to end his involvement with racist organizations, and urge the
Ontario Teachers' Federation The Ontario Teachers' Federation (OTF; french: Fédération des enseignantes et des enseignants de l’Ontario, FEO) is the professional body representing over 160,000 teachers in Ontario's publicly funded schools. It operates the Ontario Teacher ...
to establish guidelines of teachers. The OTF replied that such guidelines existed in the Teaching Profession Act, and contesting that it was up to the board to pursue. The board asked the Ontario Ministry of Education to review his teaching certificate. In June 1993, it was announced that Fromm would be reassigned to teaching adult education, "the best option legally available to the board." The school board chair suggested adults would be more likely to act on inappropriate behaviour, than high school students.


White supremacist activities

Fromm was an admirer of
Fidel Castro Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (; ; 13 August 1926 – 25 November 2016) was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who was the leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008, serving as the prime minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and president from 1976 to 20 ...
in the early 1960s, but changed his views after coming across the writings of
Barry Goldwater Barry Morris Goldwater (January 2, 1909 – May 29, 1998) was an American politician and United States Air Force officer who was a five-term U.S. Senator from Arizona (1953–1965, 1969–1987) and the Republican Party nominee for president ...
. In 1967, as a student at the
University of Toronto The University of Toronto (UToronto or U of T) is a public research university in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, located on the grounds that surround Queen's Park. It was founded by royal charter in 1827 as King's College, the first institution ...
's St. Michael's College, Fromm co-founded the
Edmund Burke Society :''This organization is unrelated to the conservative debating society of the same name associated with the University of Chicago Law School, the University of Virginia, and the London School of Economics.'' In Canada, the Edmund Burke Society was a ...
(EBS), with
Don Andrews Donald Clarke Andrews (born April 20, 1942 as Vilim Zlomislić) is a Canadian white supremacist. He is also the leader of the unregistered neo-Nazi Nationalist Party of Canada and a perennial candidate for mayor of Toronto, Ontario. Early year ...
and Leigh Smith, as well as its student wing "Campus Alternative". Farber, Bernie and Prutschi, Manuel. "Paul Fromm" in ''From Marches to Modems: A Report on Organized Hate in Metro Toronto'',
Canadian Jewish Congress The Canadian Jewish Congress (, , ) was, for more than ninety years, the main advocacy group for the Jewish community in Canada. Regarded by many as the "Parliament of Canadian Jewry," the Congress was at the forefront of the struggle for human ...
, 1997, pp. 16-26.
The Edmund Burke Society was a
right-wing Right-wing politics describes the range of Ideology#Political ideologies, political ideologies that view certain social orders and Social stratification, hierarchies as inevitable, natural, normal, or desirable, typically supporting this pos ...
anti-communist Anti-communism is political and ideological opposition to communism. Organized anti-communism developed after the 1917 October Revolution in the Russian Empire, and it reached global dimensions during the Cold War, when the United States and the ...
group that agitated against prominent left-wing movements. The group would often disrupt left-wing rallies and events, sometimes violently. The group's main focus was opposition to the
New Left The New Left was a broad political movement mainly in the 1960s and 1970s consisting of activists in the Western world who campaigned for a broad range of social issues such as civil and political rights, environmentalism, feminism, gay rights ...
and other left-wing tendencies that the Society associated with
communism Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, ...
. In 1970, the group disrupted a speech by left-wing radical lawyer,
William Kunstler William Moses Kunstler (July 7, 1919 – September 4, 1995) was an American lawyer and civil rights activist, known for defending the Chicago Seven. Kunstler was an active member of the National Lawyers Guild, a board member of the American Civi ...
, with Fromm climbing on stage and pouring a glass of water on Kunstler's lecture notes, resulting in the
Chicago Seven The Chicago Seven, originally the Chicago Eight and also known as the Conspiracy Eight or Conspiracy Seven, were seven defendants—Rennie Davis, David Dellinger, John Froines, Tom Hayden, Abbie Hoffman, Jerry Rubin, and Lee Weiner—charged by ...
's lawyer drenching Fromm with a pitcher of water. A melee between EBS members and Kunstler's supporters ensued, and Fromm was knocked to the floor unconscious.Johnson, Arthur. "Portrait of a racist", ''
The Globe and Mail ''The Globe and Mail'' is a Canadian newspaper printed in five cities in western and central Canada. With a weekly readership of approximately 2 million in 2015, it is Canada's most widely read newspaper on weekdays and Saturdays, although it ...
'', October 1, 1979.
With the support of members of the Edmund Burke Society, Fromm was elected president of the
Ontario Social Credit Party The Social Credit Party of Ontario (SCPO) (also known as the Ontario Social Credit League, Social Credit Association of Ontario and the Union of Electors) was a minor political party at the provincial level in the Canadian province of Ontario from ...
in 1971, and was able to have other EBS members elected to the party's executive. Three Social Credit candidates in the 1971 Ontario election were avowed "Burkers". As the New Left movement waned, Edmund Burke Society members turned their attention to issues of race and immigration and became increasingly attracted to
white supremacist White supremacy or white supremacism is the belief that white people are superior to those of other races and thus should dominate them. The belief favors the maintenance and defense of any power and privilege held by white people. White s ...
ideas. In February 1972, the group renamed itself the Western Guard. In 1972, after having lost the Social Credit Party presidency to James McGillvray, Fromm led a successful attempt by the Western Guard to take over the Ontario wing of the
Social Credit Party of Canada The Social Credit Party of Canada (french: Parti Crédit social du Canada), colloquially known as the Socreds, was a populist political party in Canada that promoted social credit theories of monetary reform. It was the federal wing of the Canadi ...
. The national executive of the national Social Credit Party declared membership in the Western Guard "incompatible" with membership in the party, which led national Social Credit leader
Réal Caouette David Réal Caouette (September 26, 1917 – December 16, 1976) was a Canadian politician from Quebec. He was a member of Parliament (MP) and leader of the Social Credit Party of Canada and founder of the '' Ralliement des créditistes''. Outsid ...
to place the Ontario organization under trusteeship in order to counter Fromm's activities. In May 1972, Fromm was the opening speaker at a Western Guard banquet honouring
Robert E. Miles Robert E. "Pastor Bob" Miles (January 28, 1925 – August 16, 1992) was a white supremacist theologist and religious leader from Michigan. Biography A major " dualist" religious leader, Miles allied himself with various groups that constitut ...
, a former
Ku Klux Klan The Ku Klux Klan (), commonly shortened to the KKK or the Klan, is an American white supremacist, right-wing terrorist, and hate group whose primary targets are African Americans, Jews, Latinos, Asian Americans, Native Americans, and Cat ...
leader who became a leading ideologue in the
Christian Identity Christian Identity (also known as Identity Christianity) is an interpretation of Christianity which advocates the belief that only Celtic and Germanic peoples, such as the Anglo-Saxon, Nordic nations, or Aryan people and people of kindred blood, ...
movement. Fromm, Overfield and several others resigned from the Western Guard in May 1972, immediately after the ''
Toronto Sun The ''Toronto Sun'' is an English-language tabloid newspaper published daily in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The newspaper is one of several ''Sun'' tabloids published by Postmedia Network. The newspaper's offices is located at Postmedia Place in ...
'' published an article on the group, which included information about the banquet. Fromm's departure left the leadership of the Western Guard in the hands of Don Andrews. Fromm claimed in a 1973 letter to the ''
Toronto Star The ''Toronto Star'' is a Canadian English-language broadsheet daily newspaper. The newspaper is the country's largest daily newspaper by circulation. It is owned by Toronto Star Newspapers Limited, a subsidiary of Torstar Corporation and par ...
'' that he left the Western Guard "because of a growing radicalization of its politics and the irresponsibility of some of its activities". Later, he denied ever having been a member of the Guard, saying he "never had any connection" with the organization. When confronted with his 1973 letter, he dismissed it as "a matter of semantics". On August 4, 2008,
Fox News The Fox News Channel, abbreviated FNC, commonly known as Fox News, and stylized in all caps, is an American multinational conservative cable news television channel based in New York City. It is owned by Fox News Media, which itself is o ...
interviewed Fromm in relation to the prosecution of right-wing Canadian author
Mark Steyn Mark Steyn (; born December 8, 1959) is a Canadian author and a radio and television presenter. He has written several books, including ''The New York Times'' bestsellers '' America Alone: The End of the World As We Know It'', ''After America: G ...
. The
Southern Poverty Law Center The Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit legal advocacy organization specializing in civil rights and public interest litigation. Based in Montgomery, Alabama, it is known for its legal cases against white ...
criticised Fox for identifying Fromm only as a "Free Speech Activist". In 2010, Fromm organized small protests across the country against the admission of a group of
Tamil Tamil may refer to: * Tamils, an ethnic group native to India and some other parts of Asia ** Sri Lankan Tamils, Tamil people native to Sri Lanka also called ilankai tamils **Tamil Malaysians, Tamil people native to Malaysia * Tamil language, na ...
refugees arriving on the MV ''Sun Sea''. In August he led a small protest in
Calgary Calgary ( ) is the largest city in the western Canadian province of Alberta and the largest metro area of the three Prairie Provinces. As of 2021, the city proper had a population of 1,306,784 and a metropolitan population of 1,481,806, maki ...
with members of the
Aryan Guard The Aryan Guard was a neo-Nazi group based in Alberta, Canada, whose members are primarily located in the city of Calgary.
outside of Immigration Minister
Jason Kenney Jason Thomas Kenney (born May 30, 1968) is a Canadian former politician who served as the 18th premier of Alberta from 2019 until 2022 and the leader of the United Conservative Party (UCP) from 2017 until 2022. He also served as the member of ...
's constituency office which "so terrified the receptionist that she locked the door and would not accept Mr. Fromm's delivery of a letter until police arrived"."'White supremacist' puts a genteel face on racism"
, ''National Post'', August 15, 2010
He also organized a small protest with Doug Christie in
Esquimalt, British Columbia The Township of Esquimalt is a municipality at the southern tip of Vancouver Island, in British Columbia, Canada. It is bordered to the east by the provincial capital, Victoria, to the south by the Strait of Juan de Fuca, to the west by Esquim ...
, where the boat was docked and also led small pickets later in the month in Ottawa and Hamilton.


Mainstream and electoral politics

Fromm graduated from university with a master's degree in English and an education degree. He worked as a school teacher with the Peel Region Board of Education from 1974 until his dismissal in 1997. He temporarily tried to distance himself from groups that were visibly linked to explicitly
racist Racism is the belief that groups of humans possess different behavioral traits corresponding to inherited attributes and can be divided based on the superiority of one race over another. It may also mean prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism ...
and neo-Nazi beliefs. He founded Countdown, which led to the creation of three organizations that attempted to make far-right views palatable to the mainstream. Fromm was elected as a Catholic
school trustee A board of education, school committee or school board is the board of directors or board of trustees of a school, local school district or an equivalent institution. The elected council determines the educational policy in a small regional are ...
in 1976, after an unsuccessful attempt in 1974, and served on the Metro Toronto Separate School Board until he was defeated in his bid for re-election two years later. His father, Fred, was also defeated in his 1978 bid for a seat on the board. In 1976, Fromm founded the
Citizens for Foreign Aid Reform Citizens for Foreign Aid Reform (C-FAR) is one of a number of groups run by neo-Nazi and white supremacist Paul Fromm. It was founded in 1976 by Fromm after he had left the white supremacist Western Guard organization. C-FAR became closely linke ...
(C-FAR), which opposes
foreign aid In international relations, aid (also known as international aid, overseas aid, foreign aid, economic aid or foreign assistance) is – from the perspective of governments – a voluntary transfer of resources from one country to another. Ai ...
to
Third World The term "Third World" arose during the Cold War to define countries that remained non-aligned with either NATO or the Warsaw Pact. The United States, Canada, Japan, South Korea, Western European nations and their allies represented the " First ...
nations. The organization also deals with other issues, including crime and punishment,
multiculturalism The term multiculturalism has a range of meanings within the contexts of sociology, political philosophy, and colloquial use. In sociology and in everyday usage, it is a synonym for " ethnic pluralism", with the two terms often used interchang ...
and immigration. It sponsors lectures by far-right individuals, and publishes pamphlets and books, mostly about race and immigration.Shulgan, Christopher. "Will he be the next Zundel? With Canada's best-known supremacist deported, former teacher Paul Fromm is working to revive the far-right movement", ''
The Globe and Mail ''The Globe and Mail'' is a Canadian newspaper printed in five cities in western and central Canada. With a weekly readership of approximately 2 million in 2015, it is Canada's most widely read newspaper on weekdays and Saturdays, although it ...
'', March 5, 2005.
In 1981, Fromm founded
Canadian Association for Free Expression The Canadian Association for Free Expression (CAFE) is one of a number of groups run by neo-Nazi and white supremacist Paul Fromm. Established in 1981, CAFE states that it is committed to the promotion and defense of total freedom of speech, an ...
(CAFE), in opposition to the
Canadian Human Rights Commission The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) was established in 1977 by the government of Canada. It is empowered under the ''Canadian Human Rights Act'' to investigate and to try to settle complaints of discrimination in employment and in the pr ...
. CAFE has been active defending the rights of accused
antisemites Antisemitism (also spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism) is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against Jews. A person who holds such positions is called an antisemite. Antisemitism is considered to be a form of racism. Antis ...
, racists and
Holocaust deniers Holocaust denial is an antisemitic conspiracy theory that falsely asserts that the Nazi genocide of Jews, known as the Holocaust, is a myth, fabrication, or exaggeration. Holocaust deniers make one or more of the following false statements: * ...
against prosecution under
hate crime A hate crime (also known as a bias-motivated crime or bias crime) is a prejudice-motivated crime which occurs when a perpetrator targets a victim because of their membership (or perceived membership) of a certain social group or racial demograph ...
and
human rights Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, 13 December 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of PhilosophyHuman Rights Retrieved 14 August 2014 for certain standards of hu ...
legislation. Another group he founded was Canada First Immigration Reform Committee, which advocates reduced immigration, and opposes immigration by
non-whites The term "person of color" ( : people of color or persons of color; abbreviated POC) is primarily used to describe any person who is not considered "white". In its current meaning, the term originated in, and is primarily associated with, the U ...
. These three groups still exist today and are still led by Fromm. Their membership and mandates overlap, and they are essentially a single organization. Fromm's leadership of these groups has given him some access to the mainstream media, such as radio talk shows and newspapers. In the late 1970s, Fromm also founded Canadian Friends of
Rhodesia Rhodesia (, ), officially from 1970 the Republic of Rhodesia, was an unrecognised state in Southern Africa from 1965 to 1979, equivalent in territory to modern Zimbabwe. Rhodesia was the ''de facto'' successor state to the British colony of So ...
to support the
white minority rule In political science, minoritarianism (or minorityism) is a neologism for a political structure or process in which a minority segment of a population has a certain degree of primacy in that entity's decision making. Minoritarianism may be cont ...
regime of
Ian Smith Ian Douglas Smith (8 April 1919 – 20 November 2007) was a Rhodesian politician, farmer, and fighter pilot who served as Prime Minister of Rhodesia (known as Southern Rhodesia until October 1964 and now known as Zimbabwe) from 1964 to 1 ...
and his
Rhodesian Front The Rhodesian Front was a right-wing conservative political party in Southern Rhodesia, subsequently known as Rhodesia. It was the last ruling party of Southern Rhodesia prior to that country's unilateral declaration of independence, and the ...
. In the mid to late 1980s, Fromm's organizations were involved in advocacy on behalf of
South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring coun ...
's
apartheid Apartheid (, especially South African English: , ; , "aparthood") was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 to the early 1990s. Apartheid was ...
regime, and opposing the movement to impose
economic sanction Economic sanctions are commercial and financial penalties applied by one or more countries against a targeted self-governing state, group, or individual. Economic sanctions are not necessarily imposed because of economic circumstances—they ...
s on the country. Caplan, Gerald. "In order to maintain its continuing control in South Africa, the Botha government believes it is essential to maintain current economic and diplomatic support from abroad", ''
Toronto Star The ''Toronto Star'' is a Canadian English-language broadsheet daily newspaper. The newspaper is the country's largest daily newspaper by circulation. It is owned by Toronto Star Newspapers Limited, a subsidiary of Torstar Corporation and par ...
'', May 18, 1988.
Fromm attempted to enter mainstream political activity by joining the
Progressive Conservative Party of Canada The Progressive Conservative Party of Canada (PC; french: Parti progressiste-conservateur du Canada) was a centre-right federal political party in Canada that existed from 1942 to 2003. From Canadian Confederation in 1867 until 1942, the ...
. He was elected treasurer of PC Metro, a network of 31
Toronto Toronto ( ; or ) is the capital city of the Canadian province of Ontario. With a recorded population of 2,794,356 in 2021, it is the most populous city in Canada and the fourth most populous city in North America. The city is the anch ...
PC
riding association An electoral district association (french: association de circonscription enregistrée), commonly known as a riding association (french: association de comté) or constituency association, is the basic unit of a political party at the level of the ...
s on April 15, 1981."Federal PCs deny link to remarks by party official on immigration", ''
The Globe and Mail ''The Globe and Mail'' is a Canadian newspaper printed in five cities in western and central Canada. With a weekly readership of approximately 2 million in 2015, it is Canada's most widely read newspaper on weekdays and Saturdays, although it ...
'', April 29, 1981.
He angered many people and embarrassed both the federal and Ontario Progressive Conservatives when a profile in ''
The Globe and Mail ''The Globe and Mail'' is a Canadian newspaper printed in five cities in western and central Canada. With a weekly readership of approximately 2 million in 2015, it is Canada's most widely read newspaper on weekdays and Saturdays, although it ...
'' quoted him as saying that breeding a " supreme race" for intelligence was a good idea, and as calling for
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making ...
ese refugees to be sent to "desert islands" off the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
and
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Gui ...
rather than be accepted into Canada where they would "upset the racial balance". His comments resulted in Progressive Conservative premier
Bill Davis William Grenville Davis, (July 30, 1929 – August 8, 2021) was a Canadian politician who served as the 18th premier of Ontario from 1971 to 1985. Davis was first elected as the member of provincial Parliament for Peel in the 1959 provincia ...
being asked in the legislature whether he is willing "to tolerate such neo-fascist, if not fascist, ideas within the Conservative Party". Federal Progressive Conservative immigration critic Chris Speyer said Fromm's remarks were "entirely his and certainly don't represent the views of the party or the caucus". Federal PC president
Peter Blaikie Peter Macfarlane Blaikie is a Canadian lawyer and a bilingual politician from Quebec and founder of Heenan Blaikie. Genealogy Blaikie was born in Shawinigan, Mauricie on May 10, 1937. He was the son of Kenneth Guy "Bill" Blaikie (1897–1968) a ...
asked Fromm to resign from the local executive, telling the press on April 30, 1981: "It's quite clear that that article, accurate or inaccurate, sets out a position which is clearly at variance with that of the party", and that the issue "has created some difficulty and embarrassment for the party".McLaren, Christie. "Globe quoted racist views Fromm resigns Metro PC post at request of national office", ''
The Globe and Mail ''The Globe and Mail'' is a Canadian newspaper printed in five cities in western and central Canada. With a weekly readership of approximately 2 million in 2015, it is Canada's most widely read newspaper on weekdays and Saturdays, although it ...
'', May 1, 1981.
In 1983, Fromm was an active supporter of right-wing Member of Parliament John A. Gamble's unsuccessful bid to win the leadership of the federal Progressive Conservatives.Martin, Lawrence. "Hard-liner Gamble enters Tory race", ''
The Globe and Mail ''The Globe and Mail'' is a Canadian newspaper printed in five cities in western and central Canada. With a weekly readership of approximately 2 million in 2015, it is Canada's most widely read newspaper on weekdays and Saturdays, although it ...
'', March 7, 1983.
Fromm's work with Gamble continued beyond his unsuccessful leadership bid, and included work in the
World Anti-Communist League The World League for Freedom and Democracy (WLFD) is an international non-governmental organization of anti-communist politicians and groups. It was founded in 1952 as the World Anti-Communist League (WACL) under the initiative of Chiang Kai-shek ...
. In 1993, Gamble was rejected as a candidate for the
Reform Party of Canada The Reform Party of Canada (french: Parti réformiste du Canada) was a right-wing populist and conservative federal political party in Canada that existed under that name from 1987 to 2000. Reform was founded as a Western Canada-based protest ...
because of his long association with Fromm and other racist activists. In the late 1980s, Fromm was an active member of the Reform Party, but was essentially expelled in October 1988 when leader
Preston Manning Ernest Preston Manning (born June 10, 1942) is a Canadian retired politician. He was the founder and the only leader of the Reform Party of Canada, a Canadian federal political party that evolved into the Canadian Alliance in 2000 which in tur ...
sent Fromm a letter asking him to "dissociate" himself from the party, following complaints by party members about the racist tenor of a speech Fromm made at a Reform Party gathering. In the 1988 federal election, Fromm ran as a candidate for the Confederation of Regions Party in the riding of
Mississauga East Mississauga East was a federal and provincial electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1988 to 2003, and in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1975 to 2007. It was located in the ci ...
, and received 288 votes. In 1997, Fromm was a candidate for the public school board in Peel Region. He received 827 votes (10.39% of ballots cast), coming in last of four candidates. Fromm was a candidate for mayor of
Mississauga, Ontario Mississauga ( ), historically known as Toronto Township, is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario. It is situated on the shores of Lake Ontario in the Regional Municipality of Peel, adjoining the western border of Toronto. With a popu ...
in the October 25, 2010, municipal election, running on an anti-immigration platform. Fromm reportedly made racist and homophobic comments during his campaign and displayed white supremacist and Holocaust denial literature at his campaign tables. He claimed that train stations in the city looked "like flippin' Calcutta" and that the city had been "paved over with ticky tacky houses that are mostly filled with East Indians" and is also quoted as saying "I wake up in the morning and I feel great. I'm high on hate". On election day, Fromm came in ninth in a field of 17 with 917 votes which represented 0.65% of the total vote. Fromm again ran for Mayor of Mississauga in 2014 receiving 775 votes (0.48%) and coming in 10th in a field of 15. In the 2011 federal election, Fromm stood in
Calgary Southeast Calgary Southeast was a federal electoral district in Alberta, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1988 to 2015. The district was in the southeast part of the City of Calgary. It was bounded by the city limits to t ...
as the candidate of the far right
Western Block Party The Western Block Party (WBP) was a federal political party in Canada, founded in 2005 by Doug Christie. The party was registered on December 29, 2005, and deregistered on January 31, 2014. Platform The aim of the party was to promote the inde ...
against immigration minister
Jason Kenney Jason Thomas Kenney (born May 30, 1968) is a Canadian former politician who served as the 18th premier of Alberta from 2019 until 2022 and the leader of the United Conservative Party (UCP) from 2017 until 2022. He also served as the member of ...
, on a platform advocating a freeze in immigration. Kenney was re-elected, winning over 76% of the vote, while Fromm received 193 votes, around 0.3%. In 2016, Fromm attempted to join the
Conservative Party of Canada The Conservative Party of Canada (french: Parti conservateur du Canada), colloquially known as the Tories, is a federal political party in Canada. It was formed in 2003 by the merger of the two main right-leaning parties, the Progressive Co ...
in order to support the leadership campaign of Kellie Leitch due to her support for immigration reform and a "Canadian values" test for prospective immigrants. Leitch's campaign co-chair Sander Grieve wrote back to Fromm, saying: "We have not processed your membership and we will not be submitting it to the party, as we believe your public statements are not consistent with the principles of the party or the policies being advanced by our campaign." Fromm endorsed socially conservative candidate Tanya Granic Allen in the
2018 Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario leadership election The 2018 Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario leadership election was held on March 10, 2018, due to the resignation of party leader Patrick Brown on January 25, 2018, following allegations of sexual misconduct. Winner Doug Ford narrowly def ...
. Although she did not respond when originally asked for comment by the ''Toronto Star'', Granic Allen later publicly stated on Twitter that she rejects his endorsement with the statement: "No place in our party for white supremacists." Fromm was a candidate for the
Canadians' Choice Party The Canadians′ Choice Party (CCP) is a minor political party based in Ontario, Canada. The party is led by Bahman Yazdanfar. History The Canadians' Choice Party was founded on August 26, 2011 by Bahman Yazdanfar of Toronto. Yazdanfar, who immigr ...
in Etobicoke Centre during the
2018 Ontario general election The 2018 Ontario general election was held on June 7, 2018, to elect the 124 members of the 42nd Parliament of Ontario. The Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario, led by Doug Ford, won 76 of the 124 seats in the legislature and formed a maj ...
, receiving 631 votes (1.1%). Fromm moved to
Hamilton, Ontario Hamilton is a port city in the Canadian province of Ontario. Hamilton has a population of 569,353, and its census metropolitan area, which includes Burlington and Grimsby, has a population of 785,184. The city is approximately southwest of ...
in 2018, after having lived in Mississauga for several decades, and registered as a candidate for Mayor of Hamilton in the October 2018 municipal election. Fromm came in 7th in a field of 15 with 706 votes which represented 0.51% of the total vote. In July 2019, Fromm posed for a photo with
Maxime Bernier Maxime Bernier (born January 18, 1963) is a Canadian politician who is the founder and leader of the People's Party of Canada (PPC). Formerly a member of the Conservative Party, Bernier left the caucus in 2018 to form the PPC. He was the membe ...
, party leader of the
People's Party of Canada The People's Party of Canada (french: Parti populaire du Canada, PPC) is a right-wing populist federal political party in Canada. The party was formed by Maxime Bernier in September 2018, shortly after his resignation from the Conservative P ...
. He later endorsed Bernier on Twitter, writing that Bernier had "both the charisma and determination to put CANADA FIRST," and praising the former Conservative leadership contender's immigration policies as steps toward "regaining control" of Canada’s border.


Links to other prominent fascists and racists

In the 1990s, Fromm spoke at several
Heritage Front The Heritage Front was a Canadian neo-Nazi White supremacy, white supremacist organization founded in 1989 and disbanded around 2005. The Heritage Front maintained a telephone message line with a different editorial each day. The voice on the ho ...
events, including a celebration of
Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Germany from 1933 until his death in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party, becoming the chancellor in 1933 and the ...
's birthday. A video surfaced of him addressing the rally and referring to Canadian
fascist Fascism is a far-right, authoritarian, ultra-nationalist political ideology and movement,: "extreme militaristic nationalism, contempt for electoral democracy and political and cultural liberalism, a belief in natural social hierarchy and the ...
John Ross Taylor John Ross Taylor (1913 – November 6, 1994) was a Canadian fascist political activist and party leader prominent in white nationalist circles. Early life and family Born into a well-known Toronto, Ontario family, the son of lawyer Oscar Taylor ...
as a "hero". Taylor was one of two Canadian
Nazis Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in N ...
interned by the government during
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
. The video shows Fromm standing beside a Nazi flag during the Heritage Front's "Martyr's Day". The rally included shouts from the audience of "
Sieg Heil The Nazi salute, also known as the Hitler salute (german: link=no, Hitlergruß, , Hitler greeting, ; also called by the Nazi Party , 'German greeting', ), or the ''Sieg Heil'' salute, is a gesture that was used as a greeting in Nazi Germany. Th ...
!", "
white power White pride and white power are expressions primarily used by white separatist, white nationalist, fascist, neo-Nazi and white supremacist organizations in order to signal racist or racialist viewpoints. It is also a slogan used by the prominen ...
", "Hail The Order!" and "
nigger In the English language, the word ''nigger'' is an ethnic slur used against black people, especially African Americans. Starting in the late 1990s, references to ''nigger'' have been progressively replaced by the euphemism , notably in cases ...
, nigger, nigger, out out out". Fromm, a high school English teacher at the time, was reprimanded by the school board after videos of him speaking at white supremacist rallies came to light in 1992.Rashowy, Kristin, "College revokes extremist's licence to teach in Ontario", ''Toronto Star'', November 10, 2007 He was transferred to an adult education centre by the board in 1993 pending the outcome of an investigation into his activities and then fired by the school board in 1997.Bell, Stewart, "Teacher censured for racist actions," ''National Post'', November 10, 2007 In 2000, a published report alleged that developer Martin Weiche, a former leader of the Canadian Nazi Party, was one of Fromm's major financial backers. Fromm organized rallies in support of
Holocaust denier Holocaust denial is an antisemitic conspiracy theory that falsely asserts that the Nazi genocide of Jews, known as the Holocaust, is a myth, fabrication, or exaggeration. Holocaust deniers make one or more of the following false statements: * ...
Ernst Zündel Ernst Christof Friedrich Zündel (; 24 April 1939 – 5 August 2017) was a German neo-Nazi publisher and pamphleteer of Holocaust denial literature.
and has shared a stage with
David Irving David John Cawdell Irving (born 24 March 1938) is an English author and Holocaust denier who has written on the military and political history of World War II, with a focus on Nazi Germany. His works include '' The Destruction of Dresden'' (1 ...
, another individual active in the same denialist movement.
B'nai B'rith B'nai B'rith International (, from he, בְּנֵי בְּרִית, translit=b'né brit, lit=Children of the Covenant) is a Jewish service organization. B'nai B'rith states that it is committed to the security and continuity of the Jewish peo ...
legal counsel Anita Bromberg has said "Fromm is the one who has put himself out there most directly as supporting Zündel. He looks as though he's waiting in the wings." In 2004, Fromm was associated with
David Duke David Ernest Duke (born July 1, 1950) is an American white supremacist, antisemitic conspiracy theorist, far-right politician, convicted felon, and former Grand Wizard of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan. From 1989 to 1992, he was a membe ...
's efforts to unite
white nationalists White nationalism is a type of racial nationalism or pan-nationalism which espouses the belief that white people are a raceHeidi Beirich and Kevin Hicks. "Chapter 7: White nationalism in America". In Perry, Barbara. ''Hate Crimes''. Greenwoo ...
with the '' New Orleans Protocol''. In the 2000s, he has tried to revive the display of the
Canadian Red Ensign The Canadian Red Ensign (french: Enseigne Rouge Canadienne ) served as a nautical flag and civil ensign for Canada from 1892 to 1965, and later as the ''de facto'' flag of Canada before 1965. The flag is a British red ensign, with the Royal Un ...
flag. In January 2005, Fromm defended himself at a disciplinary hearing of the
Ontario College of Teachers The Ontario College of Teachers (OCT; french: Ordre des enseignantes et des enseignants de l'Ontario EEOlinks=no) is the regulatory college for the teaching profession in Ontario and is the largest self-regulatory body in Canada. It was establi ...
against charges including "failure to maintain professional standards; not complying with college regulations and bylaws; disgraceful, dishonourable, unprofessional and/or unbecoming conduct; and practising while in a conflict of interest." Following three days of hearings, further deliberations were postponed. The hearing resumed in the spring of 2007 and on October 31, 2007, the college rendered its ruling stripping Fromm of his licence to teach in the province of
Ontario Ontario ( ; ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada.Ontario is located in the geographic eastern half of Canada, but it has historically and politically been considered to be part of Central Canada. Located in Central Ca ...
. Fromm has acted as an advocate for
far-right Far-right politics, also referred to as the extreme right or right-wing extremism, are political beliefs and actions further to the right of the left–right political spectrum than the standard political right, particularly in terms of being ...
activists who have been called before the
Canadian Human Rights Tribunal The Canadian Human Rights Tribunal (french: Tribunal canadien des droits de la personne, link=no) is an administrative tribunal established in 1977 through the ''Canadian Human Rights Act''. It is directly funded by the Parliament of Canada and i ...
(CHRT). Among those Fromm has represented are
Glenn Bahr Glenn may refer to: Name or surname * Glenn (name) * John Glenn, U.S. astronaut Cultivars * Glenn (mango) * a 6-row barley variety Places In the United States: * Glenn, California * Glenn County, California * Glenn, Georgia, a settlement i ...
, the co-founder and former leader of Western Canada for Us, and Terry Tremaine, a former
University of Saskatchewan A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United State ...
mathematics lecturer. In 2006, he represented the Canadian Heritage Alliance at a CHRT hearing in Toronto, and supported John Beck of the group BC White Pride at a CHRT hearing in Penticton, British Columbia. Fromm has been described as a mentor to younger "far-right extremists" such as Melissa Guille and Jason Ouwendyk and as a "'senior player' in the neo-Nazi movement in Canada." He identifies himself as an advocate for "
white nationalists White nationalism is a type of racial nationalism or pan-nationalism which espouses the belief that white people are a raceHeidi Beirich and Kevin Hicks. "Chapter 7: White nationalism in America". In Perry, Barbara. ''Hate Crimes''. Greenwoo ...
". Fromm has repeatedly spoken at events sponsored by Thomas Robb's
Ku Klux Klan The Ku Klux Klan (), commonly shortened to the KKK or the Klan, is an American white supremacist, right-wing terrorist, and hate group whose primary targets are African Americans, Jews, Latinos, Asian Americans, Native Americans, and Cat ...
faction, the
Knights Party The Ku Klux Klan (), commonly shortened to the KKK or the Klan, is an American white supremacist, right-wing terrorist, and hate group whose primary targets are African Americans, Jews, Latinos, Asian Americans, Native Americans, and Catho ...
. In 2007, he was a keynote speaker at the group's White Christian Revival gathering. On March 21, 2009, Fromm participated in a "White Pride" march organized by the
Aryan Guard The Aryan Guard was a neo-Nazi group based in Alberta, Canada, whose members are primarily located in the city of Calgary.
, a neo-Nazi gang in
Calgary, Alberta Calgary ( ) is the largest city in the western Canadian province of Alberta and the largest metro area of the three Prairie Provinces. As of 2021, the city proper had a population of 1,306,784 and a metropolitan population of 1,481,806, makin ...
. In March 2018, Fromm was being investigated by the
hate crimes A hate crime (also known as a bias-motivated crime or bias crime) is a prejudice-motivated crime which occurs when a perpetrator targets a victim because of their membership (or perceived membership) of a certain social group or racial demograph ...
unit of the Hamilton police, after posting on his website '' The Great Replacement'', the white supremacist manifesto of
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands. With an area of , Australia is the largest country by ...
n
Brenton Harrison Tarrant On 15 March 2019, two consecutive mass shootings occurred in a terrorist attack on two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand. The attacks, carried out by a lone gunman who entered both mosques during Friday prayer, began at the Al Noor Mosque ...
, the terrorist who killed 51 people and injured 50 more at Al Noor Mosque and
Linwood Islamic Centre The Linwood Islamic Centre is a Sunni Islam mosque in Linwood, Christchurch, New Zealand. The mosque opened in early 2018 on the grounds of the former Christchurch Bahai Centre and the building had most recently been the Linwood Community Centr ...
in
Christchurch Christchurch ( ; mi, Ōtautahi) is the largest city in the South Island of New Zealand and the seat of the Canterbury Region. Christchurch lies on the South Island's east coast, just north of Banks Peninsula on Pegasus Bay. The Avon Rive ...
, New Zealand, in the
Christchurch mosque shootings On 15 March 2019, two consecutive mass shootings occurred in a terrorist attack on two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand. The attacks, carried out by a lone gunman who entered both mosques during Friday prayer, began at the Al Noor Mosque ...
. Fromm described the manifesto as "cogent" and said violence was "not the way to go, but our vile elites have made it all but inevitable."


Opposition

Fromm's "Alternative Forum" meetings have been the targets of demonstrations, and have been disrupted and occasionally shut down by protesters. On August 19, 2006, dozens of
anti-fascist Anti-fascism is a political movement in opposition to fascist ideologies, groups and individuals. Beginning in European countries in the 1920s, it was at its most significant shortly before and during World War II, where the Axis powers wer ...
youths surrounded Fromm's
Port Credit, Ontario Port Credit is a neighbourhood in the south-central part of the City of Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, located at the mouth of the Credit River on the north shore of Lake Ontario. Its main intersection is Hurontario Street and Lakeshore Road, ...
townhouse, challenging Fromm to come outside. Although he reportedly remained inside, approximately half a dozen neo-Nazis were present outside his home. Over 50 police officers were on call to protect Fromm and his supporters. The area was plastered in flyers advertising Fromm's home address and far-right political affiliations. The protest ended without incident.Pona, Natalie. "Protesters target neo-Nazi's home", ''
Toronto Sun The ''Toronto Sun'' is an English-language tabloid newspaper published daily in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The newspaper is one of several ''Sun'' tabloids published by Postmedia Network. The newspaper's offices is located at Postmedia Place in ...
'', August 20, 2006.
On his way to an April 19, 2007, Ontario College of Teachers hearing into his conduct, Fromm was involved in a scuffle with
Jewish Defense League The Jewish Defense League (JDL) is a Jewish far-right religious-political organization in the United States and Canada, whose stated goal is to "protect Jews from antisemitism by whatever means necessary". It has been classified as "a right wi ...
(JDL) members in an elevator. Protesters claimed that Fromm shoved them, but Fromm asserts that the JDL members lunged at him. Police arrested two protesters, charging them with assault, assaulting police, and obstructing. In October 2007, the
House of Commons of Canada The House of Commons of Canada (french: Chambre des communes du Canada) is the lower house of the Parliament of Canada. Together with the Crown and the Senate of Canada, they comprise the bicameral legislature of Canada. The House of Commo ...
unanimously passed a resolution banning Fromm and Alexan Kulbashian from the
Parliament of Canada The Parliament of Canada (french: Parlement du Canada) is the federal legislature of Canada, seated at Parliament Hill in Ottawa, and is composed of three parts: the King, the Senate, and the House of Commons. By constitutional convention, ...
buildings after they attempted to hold a press conference in the parliamentary press theatre. The resolution read: "That this House order that Alexan Kulbashian and Paul Fromm be denied admittance to the precincts of the House of Commons during the present session to preserve the dignity and integrity of the House". In 2015, Fromm said in an interview posted on
YouTube YouTube is a global online video sharing and social media platform headquartered in San Bruno, California. It was launched on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim. It is owned by Google, and is the second mo ...
that he was denied entry into the United States by the
Department of Homeland Security The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is the U.S. federal executive department responsible for public security, roughly comparable to the interior or home ministries of other countries. Its stated missions involve anti-ter ...
.


Libel case

Fromm and his
Canadian Association for Free Expression The Canadian Association for Free Expression (CAFE) is one of a number of groups run by neo-Nazi and white supremacist Paul Fromm. Established in 1981, CAFE states that it is committed to the promotion and defense of total freedom of speech, an ...
were sued by Ottawa lawyer Richard Warman for libelling the anti-racist activist in various online posts. On November 23, 2007, Ontario Superior Court Justice Monique Métivier ruled in Warman's favour, ordering Fromm to pay Warman a total of $30,000 in damages and to post full retractions on all the websites on which he posted the defamatory comments within 10 days. Métivier found that Fromm posted statements about Warman "either knowing the fundamental falseness of the accusations he levelled at Mr. Warman, or being reckless as to the truth of these". Métivier added that "The steady diet of diatribe and insults, couched in half-truths and omissions, all lead up to the finding of malice such that the defamatory statements are not protected by the defence of fair comment".Kirk Makin,
Court upholds $40,000 Web defamation award
, ''The Globe and Mail'', December 16, 2008
On December 15, 2008, the
Ontario Court of Appeal The Court of Appeal for Ontario (frequently referred to as the Ontario Court of Appeal or ONCA) is the appellate court for the province of Ontario, Canada. The seat of the court is Osgoode Hall in downtown Toronto, also the seat of the Law So ...
upheld the original $30,000 defamation judgment against Fromm and added a $10,000 penalty in legal costs. Fromm posted a financial appeal complaining, "We are $17,500 behind in our legal bills – to say nothing of the possible $40,000 debt, if this judgment stands". Richard Warman responded to news of the appeal court's ruling by saying it "sends the message that those who try to use the cloak of free speech to poison other people's reputations through lies and defamation do so at their own peril". The
Supreme Court of Canada The Supreme Court of Canada (SCC; french: Cour suprême du Canada, CSC) is the Supreme court, highest court in the Court system of Canada, judicial system of Canada. It comprises List of Justices of the Supreme Court of Canada, nine justices, wh ...
rejected Fromm's application to appeal the judgement on April 23, 2009.


Electoral record

, - !rowspan="2" colspan="2" , Candidate !colspan="3" , Popular vote !rowspan="2" colspan="2" , Expenditures , - ! Votes ! % ! ±% , - , style="background-color:#66023C;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,
Fred Eisenberger Fred Eisenberger (born September 3, 1952) is a Canadian politician and former real estate agent who was the 57th mayor of Hamilton from 2014 to 2022. Eisenberger previously served as chair of the Hamilton Port Authority prior to his first ele ...
(Incumbent) , style="text-align:centre;" , 74,093 , style="text-align:centre;" , 54.03% , style="text-align:centre;" , +14.1% , style="text-align:centre;" , , - , style="background-color:#1406a8;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Vito Sgro , style="text-align:centre;" , 52,190 , style="text-align:centre;" , 38.06% , style="text-align:centre;" , ''n/a'' , style="text-align:centre;" , , - , style="background-color:#b1e85f;" , , style="text-align:left;" , George Rusich , style="text-align:centre;" , 2,220 , style="text-align:centre;" , 1.62% , style="text-align:centre;" , ''n/a'' , style="text-align:centre;" , , - , style="background-color:#fdff91;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Jim Davis , style="text-align:centre;" , 2,071 , style="text-align:centre;" , 1.51% , style="text-align:centre;" , ''n/a'' , style="text-align:centre;" , , - , style="background-color:#E30022;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Nathalie Xian Yi Yan , style="text-align:centre;" , 1,286 , style="text-align:centre;" , 0.94% , style="text-align:centre;" , ''n/a'' , style="text-align:centre;" , , - , style="background-color:#f44262;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Michael Pattison , style="text-align:centre;" , 899 , style="text-align:centre;" , 0.66% , style="text-align:centre;" , +0.04 , style="text-align:centre;" , , - , style="background-color:#65AFF6;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Paul Fromm , style="text-align:centre;" , 706 , style="text-align:centre;" , 0.51% , style="text-align:centre;" , ''n/a'' , style="text-align:centre;" , , - , style="background-color:#efffaf;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Carlos Gomes , style="text-align:centre;" , 521 , style="text-align:centre;" , 0.38% , style="text-align:centre;" , ''n/a'' , style="text-align:centre;" , , - , style="background-color:#a3c3f7;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Todd May , style="text-align:centre;" , 500 , style="text-align:centre;" , 0.36% , style="text-align:centre;" , ''n/a'' , style="text-align:centre;" , , - , style="background-color:#f44289;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Henry Geissler , style="text-align:centre;" , 494 , style="text-align:centre;" , 0.36% , style="text-align:centre;" , ''n/a'' , style="text-align:centre;" , , - , style="background-color:#7ff9b0;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Phil Ryerson , style="text-align:centre;" , 479 , style="text-align:centre;" , 0.35% , style="text-align:centre;" , +0.13% , style="text-align:centre;" , , - , style="background-color:#019b10;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Ute Schmid-Jones , style="text-align:centre;" , 463 , style="text-align:centre;" , 0.34% , style="text-align:centre;" , ''n/a'' , style="text-align:centre;" , , - , style="background-color:#4A4B4C;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Edward Graydon , style="text-align:centre;" , 409 , style="text-align:centre;" , 0.30% , style="text-align:centre;" , ''n/a'' , style="text-align:centre;" , , - , style="background-color:#8DB600", , style="text-align:left;" , Mark Wozny , style="text-align:centre;" , 408 , style="text-align:centre;" , 0.30% , style="text-align:centre;" , ''n/a'' , style="text-align:centre;" , , - , style="background-color:#ffe69e;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Ricky Tavares , style="text-align:centre;" , 398 , style="text-align:centre;" , 0.29% , style="text-align:centre;" , -0.06% , style="text-align:centre;" , , - , style="text-align:right;background-color:#FFFFFF;" colspan="2" , Total votes , style="text-align:right;background-color:#FFFFFF;" , 138,549 , style="text-align:right;background-color:#FFFFFF;" , 38.36% , style="text-align:right;background-color:#FFFFFF;" , +4.3% , style="text-align:right;" , , - , style="text-align:right;background-color:#FFFFFF;" colspan="2" , Registered voters , style="text-align:right;background-color:#FFFFFF;" , 361,212 , style="text-align:right;background-color:#FFFFFF;" , 100% , style="text-align:right;background-color:#FFFFFF;" , n/a , style="text-align:right;" , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="6" , Note: All Hamilton Municipal Elections are officially non-partisan.
Note: Candidate campaign colours are based on the prominent colour used in campaign items (signs, literature, etc.)
and are used as a visual differentiation between candidates.
, - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="13" , Sources:''
City of Hamilton, "Nominated Candidates"
, - ! style="background:#ddf; width:400px;", Candidate ! style="background:#ddf; width:50px;", Vote ! style="background:#ddf; width:30px;", % , - ,
Bonnie Crombie Bonnie Crombie ( Stack, born February 5, 1960) is a Canadian politician who has served as the 6th and current Mayor of Mississauga, Ontario since December 1, 2014. From 2008 to 2011, she was a Liberal Member of Parliament for the riding of Miss ...
, , 102,346 , , 63.49 , - , Steve Mahoney , , 46,224 , , 28.68 , - , Dil Muhammad , , 2,429 , , 1.51 , - , Stephen King , , 1,874 , , 1.16 , - , Masood Khan , , 1,254 , , 0.78 , - , Donald Barber , , 1,225 , , 0.76 , - , Derek Ramkissoon , , 1,044 , , 0.65 , - , Scott E. W. Chapman , , 868 , , 0.54 , - , Riazuddin Choudhry , , 790 , , 0.49 , - , Paul Fromm , , 775 , , 0.48 , - , Kevin Jackal Johnston , , 741 , , 0.46 , - , Andrew Seitz , , 507 , , 0.31 , - , Joe Lomangino , , 415 , , 0.26 , - , Grant Isaac , , 392 , , 0.24 , - , Sheraz Siddiqui , , 315 , , 0.20 , - ! style="background:#ddf; width:200px;", Candidate ! style="background:#ddf; width:50px;", Vote ! style="background:#ddf; width:30px;", % , - , Hazel McCallion (X), , 107,643 , , 76.40 , - , Dave Cook, , 10,744 , , 7.63 , - , George Winter , , 4,783 , , 3.39 , - , Ranjit Chahal , , 4,199 , , 2.98 , - , Ghani Ahsan, , 3,744 , , 2.66 , - , Ram Selvarajah , , 2,241 , , 1.59 , - , Peter Orphanos , , 2,140 , , 1.52 , - , Donald Barber, , 1,513 , , 1.07 , - , Paul Fromm, , 917, , 0.65 , - , Martin Marinka, , 644 , , 0.46 , - , Bryan Robert Hallett, , 575 , , 0.41 , - , Shirley Vanden Berg , , 516 , , 0.37 , - , Ursula Keuper-Bennett, , 329 , , 0.23 , - , Andy Valenton, , 293 , , 0.21 , - , Antu Maprani Chakkunny , , 249 , , 0.18 , - , Andrew Seitz, , 233 , , 0.17 , - , Innocent Watat , , 139 , , 0.10 Public School Trustee, Peel Board of Education, November 10, 1997 municipal election :''Mississauga Wards 1 & 7'' *Janet McDougald 2,862 (32%) *Joan Parker 2,332 (29%) *Gail Green 1,938 (24%) *Paul Fromm 827 (10%) , - , Liberal , GUARNIERI, Albina , align="right", 23,055 , Progressive Conservative , PALLETT, Laurie , align="right", 20,963 ,
New Democratic Party The New Democratic Party (NDP; french: Nouveau Parti démocratique, NPD) is a federal political party in Canada. Widely described as social democratic,The party is widely described as social democratic: * * * * * * * * * * * * ...
, GROZDANOVSKI, Walter , align="right", 5,677 , Independent , DI PALMA, Adel , align="right", 189 Metropolitan Toronto Separate (Catholic) School Board Trustee, November 13, 1978 municipal election :''Metro Ward 11'' (314 out of 335 polls reporting) *Francis Hogan 2,814 *Paul Fromm 1,813 *Joyce Frustaglio 1,762 Metropolitan Toronto Separate (Catholic) School Board Trustee, December 6, 1976 municipal election :''Area 11'' *Paul Fromm 2,515 *Ed Webster 1,903 Metropolitan Toronto Separate (Catholic) School Board Trustee, December 2, 1974 municipal election :''Area 11'' *Ed Webster 1,502 *F. Paul Fromm 1,168 *Gerry McGilly 1,136


See also

*
Ron Gostick Ronald A. Gostick (July 18, 1918 – July 16, 2005) was a long-time figure on the Canadian far right and founder of the Canadian League of Rights. Gostick was involved in the Canadian social credit movement and later published far-right and ...
*
Bernard Klatt Bernard Klatt is a former Canadian internet service provider who ran what has been called "Canada's most notorious source of hate propaganda". In 1996, his Fairview Technology Centre in Oliver, British Columbia hosted websites for "at least 12 grou ...


References


External links


Canadian Association for Free Expression

One People's Project on Paul FrommCanada First Immigration Reform Committee – Canadian Political Parties and Political Interest Groups
– Web Archive created by the University of Toronto Libraries {{DEFAULTSORT:Fromm, Paul 1949 births Alt-right politicians in Canada Anti-Masonry Canadian people of German descent Canadian activists Canadian anti-communists Canadian Holocaust deniers Canadian neo-Nazis University of Toronto alumni Confederation of Regions Party of Canada candidates in the 1988 Canadian federal election Living people Politicians from Toronto Politicians from Hamilton, Ontario Canadian social crediters People from Bogotá Council of Conservative Citizens Western Canadian separatists