enzymology Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...

, a pantetheine-phosphate adenylyltransferase () is an

enzyme Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...

that

catalyzes Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recyc ...

the

chemical reaction A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the IUPAC nomenclature for organic transformations, chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the pos ...

:ATP + 4'-Phosphopantetheine

\rightleftharpoons

diphosphate + 3'-dephospho-CoA Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are

ATP ATP may refer to: Companies and organizations * Association of Tennis Professionals, men's professional tennis governing body * American Technical Publishers, employee-owned publishing company * ', a Danish pension * Armenia Tree Project, non ...

and 4'-Phosphopantetheine, whereas its two products are diphosphate and 3'-dephospho-CoA. This enzyme belongs to the family of

transferase A transferase is any one of a class of enzymes that catalyse the transfer of specific functional groups (e.g. a methyl or glycosyl group) from one molecule (called the donor) to another (called the acceptor). They are involved in hundreds of di ...

s, specifically those transferring phosphorus-containing

nucleotide Nucleotides are organic molecules consisting of a nucleoside and a phosphate. They serve as monomeric units of the nucleic acid polymers – deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), both of which are essential biomolecules wi ...

groups ( nucleotidyltransferases). The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:pantetheine-4'-phosphate adenylyltransferase. Other names in common use include dephospho-CoA pyrophosphorylase, pantetheine phosphate adenylyltransferase, dephospho-coenzyme A pyrophosphorylase, and 3'-dephospho-CoA pyrophosphorylase. This enzyme participates in

pantothenate and coa biosynthesis Pantothenic acid, also called vitamin B5 is a water-soluble B vitamin and therefore an essential nutrient. All animals require pantothenic acid in order to synthesize coenzyme A (CoA) – essential for fatty acid metabolism – as well as to, ...

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 8 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes , , , , , , , and .

References

* * * * * EC 2.7.7 Enzymes of known structure {{2.7-enzyme-stub