Palestinian Authority Governments of June and July 2007" is a conciliation pact between Hamas and Fatah in the

Palestinian Authority The Palestinian National Authority (PA or PNA; ar, السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية '), commonly known as the Palestinian Authority and officially the State of Palestine,

This agreement convened a council (PA) of emergency cabinets led by

Salam Fayyad Salam Fayyad ( ar, سلام فياض, ; born 1951 or 12 April 1952) is a Jordanian-Palestinian politician and former Prime Minister of the Palestinian Authority and Finance Minister. He was Finance Minister from June 2002 to November 2005 and ...

established by the Palestinian President

Mahmoud Abbas Mahmoud Abbas ( ar, مَحْمُود عَبَّاس, Maḥmūd ʿAbbās; born 15 November 1935), also known by the kunya Abu Mazen ( ar, أَبُو مَازِن, links=no, ), is the president of the State of Palestine and the Palestinian Natio ...

by presidential decree. The first Fayyad government was formed on June 14, 2007. Although widely supported by the international community, its creation is controversial as it was established under the Basic Law which requires the approval of the new government by

Palestinian Legislative Council The Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC) is the unicameral legislature of the Palestinian Authority, elected by the Palestinian residents of the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip. It currently comprises 132 members, e ...

. President Abbas has enacted some articles of the Basic Law to allow cabinets to be sworn in with the approval of the PLC. Emergency rule replaced the short-lived Hamas government National Unity Government 2007, which was dismissed by President Abbas after Hamas takeover of Gaza in June 2007 The Fayyad government was swiftly recognized by the international community as the legal government of the Palestinian Authority. Fayyad remained the Prime Minister of the

Ramallah Ramallah ( , ; ar, رام الله, , God's Height) is a Palestinian city in the central West Bank that serves as the ''de facto'' administrative capital of the State of Palestine. It is situated on the Judaean Mountains, north of Jerusale ...

-based

West Bank The West Bank ( ar, الضفة الغربية, translit=aḍ-Ḍiffah al-Ġarbiyyah; he, הגדה המערבית, translit=HaGadah HaMaʽaravit, also referred to by some Israelis as ) is a landlocked territory near the coast of the Mediter ...

Governments, until he was replaced by

Rami Hamdallah Rami Hamdallah ( ar, رامي الحمد الله, Rāmī al-Ḥamd al-Lāh; born 10 August 1958) is a Palestinian politician and academic. He is the former prime minister of the Palestinian National Authority and president of An-Najah Nationa ...

, who became Prime Minister of the Palestinian Authority Government of June 2013.

Controversy

By presidential decree, President Abbas declared a

state of emergency A state of emergency is a situation in which a government is empowered to be able to put through policies that it would normally not be permitted to do, for the safety and protection of its citizens. A government can declare such a state du ...

in June 2007, and dismissed Haniyeh-led 2007 National Unity Government, which included Abbas'

Fatah Fatah ( ar, فتح '), formerly the Palestinian National Liberation Movement, is a Palestinian nationalist social democratic political party and the largest faction of the confederated multi-party Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and ...

faction and several other parties.''Presidential Decrees Issued on June - July 2007''
JMCC, archived on 12 October 2007 Then, he appointed an emergency cabinet and suspended articles of the Basic Law, to circumvent the needed PLC approval.''Framers of Palestinian constitution challenge Abbas''
Adam Entous, Reuters, 8 July 2007 Senior lawyers who wrote the Basic Law said that President Abbas exceeded his powers in appointing an emergency government to replace a Hamas-led cabinet without PLC approval. Although he had the power to dismiss Haniyeh as Prime Minister, the law did not grant him the power to appoint a new government without PLC approval nor the right to suspend articles of the Basic Law.''TEXT-Opinion of lawyer who drafted Palestinian law''
Reuters, 8 July 2007 Haniyeh's dismissed cabinet should have remained as caretaker administration until Abbas secured PLC approval for a new government. Moreover, a Presidential decree lasts 30 days, only extendable with PLC approval. Nathan Brown said: "These are absolutely and clearly black and white violations. He has no authority whatsoever to appoint an emergency government."

Timeline

On 14 June 2007, President Abbas declared a state of emergency, dismissed the Hamas-led national unity PA government and

was commissioned to form a caretaker government. Fayyad's 16-member emergency government (described as the 12th government) was installed on the same day. Only two members of the previous government, Fayyad himself and

Khouloud Daibes Khuloud Khalil Daibes ( ar, خلود دعيبس), also transliterated as Khouloud D'eibes, is a Palestinian architect and former politician and diplomat. She was born on 16 April 1965 in Jerusalem Career Khuloud Daibes holds a PhD in Architectu ...

, kept their portfolios in the new government.''The PA Ministerial Cabinet List—The Emergency Government June 2007 - July 2007'' (12th government)
JMCC, archived on 18 August 2007 The Fayyad government was immediately recognized by the

international community The international community is an imprecise phrase used in geopolitics and international relations to refer to a broad group of people and governments of the world. As a rhetorical term Aside from its use as a general descriptor, the term is ...

as the legal Palestinian Authority government,''Abbas appoints new Palestinian PM''
BBC, 15 June 2007.
"The group of Middle East mediators known as the Quartet - the US, UN, EU and Russia - pledged their "full support" for Mr Abbas, a spokeswoman for EU foreign policy chief Javier Solana, said." The international community had boycotted the previous Hamas-led governments, and diverted

international aid In international relations, aid (also known as international aid, overseas aid, foreign aid, economic aid or foreign assistance) is – from the perspective of governments – a voluntary transfer of resources from one country to another. Ai ...

directly to Abbas or humanitarian aid organizations. Yet, they were prepared to work with the new PA Government.''U.S. ends embargo on Palestinian Authority in move to bolster Fatah''
Helene Cooper, International Herald Tribune, 19 June 2007''EU to sponsor Palestinian emergency government''
Lucia Kubosova, EU Observer, 19 June 2007
Isabel Kershner, New York Times, 25 June 2007 According to a

Human Rights Watch Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization, headquartered in New York City, that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. The group pressures governments, policy makers, companies, and individual human r ...

report, the Government ordered a boycott of the security, judicial and other government sectors in Gaza and ordered its employees to stay home from work if they wanted to get paid. President Abbas and Fatah supported Israel's Gaza border closures and restrictions on the supply of electricity and fuel.''Internal Fight-Palestinian Abuses in Gaza and the West Bank''
pp.15-16. Human Rights Watch, July 2008
Here available
According to Palestinian security officials in the West Bank, Israel had since June 2007 assisted them in their ''common fight against Hamas''. The cooperation with Israel generated a common view among Palestinians in the West Bank, that the forces under President Abbas are the “subcontractor of the occupation“. The Human Rights Watch report furthermore states that serious human rights abuses were committed by the new government, but also by the

Hamas government in Gaza The governance of the Gaza Strip since the Hamas takeover of the Gaza Strip in June 2007 has been carried out by Hamas, which is often referred to as the Hamas government in Gaza. The Hamas administration was led by Ismail Haniyeh from 2007 to ...

. On 13 July 2007, the state of emergency expired in accordance with the Basic Law, and President Abbas issued a new decree to continue the state of emergency. The Fayyad government continued functioning as a caretaker government.''Platform of the 13th Government July 2007''
JMCC, 22 July 2007 On 22 July 2007, Prime Minister Fayyad presented his government (described as the 13th government) for PLC approval. Fayyad also presented his government's principles and goals, and emphasized that his government would be based on inter alia the

Arab Peace Initiative The Arab Peace Initiative ( ar, مبادرة السلام العربية; ), also known as the Saudi Initiative (; ), is a 10 sentence proposal for an end to the Arab–Israeli conflict that was endorsed by the Arab League in 2002 at the Beiru ...

and ″all pertinent international resolutions″, and that the government would honour the agreements made with Israel. The second Fayyad government was identical to the first Fayyad government of 14 June. ''The PA Ministerial Cabinet List—July 2007'' (13th government)
JMCC, archived on 4 October 2007 However, as the PLC quorum requirement could not be met, as Hamas members were boycotting the PLC, the approval was given in “extraordinary” session.

Members of the Government

June to July 2007

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Palestinian Authority Governments of 2007 06-07 Palestinian National Authority governments Cabinets disestablished in 2009 Cabinets established in 2007 2007 establishments in the Palestinian territories 2009 disestablishments in the Palestinian territories

Controversy

Timeline

Members of the Government

See also

References