The Palace of the Four Winds ( pl, Pałac Pod Czterema Wiatrami), also known as the Tepper Palace, is a

rococo Rococo (, also ), less commonly Roccoco or Late Baroque, is an exceptionally ornamental and theatrical style of architecture, art and decoration which combines asymmetry, scrolling curves, gilding, white and pastel colours, sculpted moulding, ...

palace in

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

located at ''ulica Długa'' (Long Street) 38/40.

History

The palace was built about 1680, probably to

Tylman van Gameren Tylman van Gameren, also ''Tilman'' or ''Tielman'' and Tylman Gamerski, (Utrecht, 3 July 1632 – c. 1706, Warsaw) was a Dutch-born Polish architect and engineer who, at the age of 28, settled in Poland and worked for Queen Marie Casimire, w ...

's design, for the high official and royal secretary Stanisław Kleinpolt. The palace was subsequently sold in 1685 to

Jan Dobrogost Krasiński Jan Dobrogost Bonawentura Krasiński ('' en, John Krasinski'', 10 June 1639 – 21 February 1717) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic). Biography He was the son of Jan Kazimierz Krasiński and Ursula Grzybowska. In his youth he studied in the Nether ...

, in 1698 to Andrzej Chryzostom Załuski, and in the early 18th century to the

Bishop of Płock A bishop is an ordained clergy member who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance of dioceses. The role or office of bishop is ca ...

, Andrzej Stanisław Kostka Załuski. From the 1730s the proprietor was

Franciszek Maksymilian Ossoliński Count Franciszek Maksymilian Ossoliński (2 April 1676 – 1 July 1756) was a Polish nobleman, politician, diplomat and a patron of arts. Biography Son of Łowczy and Chorąży Maksymilian Ossoliński and Teodora Krassowska. He was married in ...

, and later Michał Kazimierz ("Rybeńko") Radziwiłł, who reconstructed the palace in the

style, probably to a design by Johann Sigmund Deybel. The magnificent sculptures of the Four Winds (''

Notus In ancient Greek religion and myth, the Anemoi (Greek: , 'Winds') were wind gods who were each ascribed a cardinal direction from which their respective winds came (see Classical compass winds), and were each associated with various seasons ...

'', '' Boreas'', ''

Zephyrus In ancient Greek religion and myth, the Anemoi (Greek: , 'Winds') were wind gods who were each ascribed a cardinal direction from which their respective winds came (see Classical compass winds), and were each associated with various seasons an ...

'' and ''

Eurus In ancient Greek religion and myth, the Anemoi (Greek: , 'Winds') were wind gods who were each ascribed a cardinal direction from which their respective winds came (see Classical compass winds), and were each associated with various seasons and ...

'') atop the fence posts date from that period. The artist is unknown, but probably also participated in decorating the

Saxon Garden The Saxon Garden ( pl, Ogród Saski) is a 15.5–hectare public garden in central ('' Śródmieście'') Warsaw, Poland, facing Piłsudski Square. It is the oldest public park in the city. Founded in the late 17th century, it was opened to the publ ...

. In 1769–71 the palace was rebuilt by Szymon Bogumił Zug for Piotr Tepper. The right wing was widened, and a new annex was erected adjacent to ''ulica Długa'', with an early-classicist front elevation. In 1801 the palace was purchased at

auction An auction is usually a process of buying and selling goods or services by offering them up for bids, taking bids, and then selling the item to the highest bidder or buying the item from the lowest bidder. Some exceptions to this definition ex ...

by Karol Fryderyk Dückert. Until 1891 it belonged to his heirs. In 1808–1914 it served as an elegant hotel, the ''Hôtel de Dresde'' (

Dresden Dresden (, ; Upper Saxon: ''Dräsdn''; wen, label=Upper Sorbian, Drježdźany) is the capital city of the German state of Saxony and its second most populous city, after Leipzig. It is the 12th most populous city of Germany, the fourth larg ...

Hotel). After

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

the palace fell into decline, becoming a

tenement house A tenement is a type of building shared by multiple dwellings, typically with flats or apartments on each floor and with shared entrance stairway access. They are common on the British Isles, particularly in Scotland. In the medieval Old Town, i ...

. In 1927 it was purchased by the Polish Treasury, restored, and made the seat of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare. In 1944 the palace was deliberately burned by the Germans after they had suppressed the

Warsaw Uprising The Warsaw Uprising ( pl, powstanie warszawskie; german: Warschauer Aufstand) was a major World War II operation by the Polish resistance movement in World War II, Polish underground resistance to liberate Warsaw from German occupation. It occ ...

Notes

References

External links

*
www.warszawa1939.pl
*
fotohistoria.pl
Picture shortly after the war. {{coord, 52, 14, 50, N, 21, 0, 14, E, source:plwiki_region:PL_type:landmark, display=title Rococo architecture in Warsaw Rebuilt buildings and structures in Poland Palaces in Warsaw

History

See also

Notes

References

External links