''Puławianie'' was an informal designation of one of two peer groups of communists in postwar politics of

Stalinist Poland Stalinism is the means of governing and Marxist-Leninist policies implemented in the Soviet Union from 1927 to 1953 by Joseph Stalin. It included the creation of a one-party totalitarian police state, rapid industrialization, the theory o ...

, bidding for power within the leadership of the

Polish United Workers' Party The Polish United Workers' Party ( pl, Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza; ), commonly abbreviated to PZPR, was the communist party which ruled the Polish People's Republic as a one-party state from 1948 to 1989. The PZPR had led two other lega ...

in spring of 1956, following Bierut's death. They were known as the reformists during Poland's de-Stalinisation process. The other group, dubbed Natolińczycy, was known as the hardliners. Puławianie united many party members of Jewish origin. The most prominent representatives of the

Puławy Puławy (, also written Pulawy) is a city in eastern Poland, in Lesser Poland's Lublin Voivodeship, at the confluence of the Vistula and Kurówka Rivers. Puławy is the capital of Puławy County. The city's 2019 population was estimated at 47,417 ...

faction were

Roman Zambrowski Roman Zambrowski (born Rubin Nassbaum; 15 July 1909 – 19 August 1977) was a Polish communist politician. Career Zambrowski was born into a Jewish family in Warsaw. He was a member of the Communist Party of Poland (1928–1938) and of the Cen ...

, and

Leon Kasman Leon Kasman, pseudonyms "Adam," "Bolek," "Janowski," "Zygmunt" (born 28 October 1905 in Łódź; died 12 July 1984 in Warsaw) was a Polish communist journalist and politician of Jewish descent. Head of the propaganda and agitation department of ...

. The name comes from the chain of apartment buildings at Puławska 24 and 26 streets in

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

, which survived the war. These apartments were settled mainly by a very high communist party officials, in which some of the supporters of the Puławianie group lived. The opposed Polish clique within the communist party called them “the Jews.”

Witold Jedlicki Witold Jedlicki (born 9 February 1929 in Warsaw; died 8 September 1995 in Jerusalem) was a Polish sociologist and journalist of Jewish descent, activist of the Crooked Circle Club, author of Chamy and Żydy (''"Oafs and Jews"''), in which he describ ...

described the struggle between Natolins and the Pulawians in the booklet “Oafs and Jews”. (Chamy i Żydy) A young group derived from parents who are members of the Puławians were connected with the March 1968 rebellion in Poland.

References

1950s in Poland 1960s in Poland Polish United Workers' Party 20th-century Polish Jews Communism in Poland Jewish socialists {{Poland-hist-stub

See also

References