The Purus jacamar (''Galbalcyrhynchus purusianus'') is a species of bird in the family Galbulidae. It is found in

Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...

, Brazil, and Peru.Tobias, J., T. Züchner, T.A. de Melo Júnior, and G. M. Kirwan (2020). Purus Jacamar (''Galbalcyrhynchus purusianus''), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.purjac2.01 retrieved May 9, 2021

Taxonomy and systematics

The Purus jacamar shares genus ''Galbalcyrhynchus'' with the white-eared jacamar (''G. leucotis''). They were originally treated a separate species, then as conspecific ("chestnut jacamar"), but are now understood to be separate species.Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 19 January 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved January 19, 2021 The Purus jacamar is monotypic.

Description

The Purus jacamar is long and weighs . It is stouter than many jacamars, and has a more robust bill. It is almost entirely chestnut, with dark bronzy forehead, crown, wings, and tail. The juvenile is paler and its bill is shorter.

Distribution and habitat

The Purus jacamar is found in the upper

Amazon Basin The Amazon basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries. The Amazon drainage basin covers an area of about , or about 35.5 percent of the South American continent. It is located in the countries of Bolivi ...

of eastern Peru, western Brazil, and northern Bolivia. In this humid region, it inhabits ''

terra firme Terra may often refer to: * Terra (mythology), primeval Roman goddess * An alternate name for planet Earth, as well as the Latin name for the planet Terra may also refer to: Geography Astronomy * Terra (satellite), a multi-national NASA scienti ...

'' and '' várzea'' forest, both

primary Primary or primaries may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Music Groups and labels * Primary (band), from Australia * Primary (musician), hip hop musician and record producer from South Korea * Primary Music, Israeli record label Works * ...

and

secondary Secondary may refer to: Science and nature * Secondary emission, of particles ** Secondary electrons, electrons generated as ionization products * The secondary winding, or the electrical or electronic circuit connected to the secondary winding i ...

. It prefers edges such as along waterways and oxbow lakes.

Behavior

Feeding

The Purus jacamar preys on insects, with

Hymenoptera Hymenoptera is a large order (biology), order of insects, comprising the sawfly, sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants. Over 150,000 living species of Hymenoptera have been described, in addition to over 2,000 extinct ones. Many of the species are Par ...

(bees and wasps) and Isoptera (termites) favored. It perches at mid- to upper canopy height singly or in small groups and sallies out to capture its prey.

Breeding

The Purus jacamar has been documented excavating cavities in termite nests high in trees in Brazil and Peru. It is apparently a cooperative breeder, as the Peru cavity was excavated by six individuals and groups of up to six individuals have been noted singing together.

Vocalization

The Purus jacamar's vocalizations are essentially identical to those of white-eared jacamar. The song is a rising tril

and the calls "a series of loud 'peeeur' whistles and a sharp 'pee'�

Status

The

IUCN The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natu ...

has assessed the Purus jacamar as being of Least Concern. It ranges from scarce in Peru to locally common in Brazil and " parently tolerates disturbed and partially man-modified habitats, and no specific threats are known."

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q1265756

Purus jacamar The Purus jacamar (''Galbalcyrhynchus purusianus'') is a species of bird in the family Galbulidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru.Tobias, J., T. Züchner, T.A. de Melo Júnior, and G. M. Kirwan (2020). Purus Jacamar (''Galbalcyrhy ...

Birds of the Amazon Basin Birds of the Bolivian Amazon Birds of the Peruvian Amazon

Taxonomy articles created by Polbot