Ptychotrema Fraterculus
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''Ptychotrema'' is a
genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of air-breathing
land snail A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells (those without shells are known as ...
s,
terrestrial Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth. Terrestrial may also refer to: * Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on or near the ground, as opposed to ...
pulmonate Pulmonata or pulmonates, is an informal group (previously an order, and before that a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group includ ...
gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...
mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000  extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...
s in the subfamily Enneinae of the family Streptaxidae. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Ptychotrema L. Pfeiffer, 1853. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=996769 on 2022-03-01


Distribution

The distribution of the genus ''Ptychotrema'' is
Afrotropical The Afrotropical realm is one of Earth's eight biogeographic realms. It includes Africa south of the Sahara Desert, the majority of the Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, southern Iran and extreme southwestern Pakistan, and the island ...
, and includes:Sutcharit C., Naggs F., Wade C. M., Fontanilla I. & Panha S. (2010). "The new family Diapheridae, a new species of ''Diaphera'' Albers from Thailand, and the position of the Diapheridae within a molecular phylogeny of the Streptaxoidea (Pulmonata: Stylommatophora)". ''
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society The ''Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society'' is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering zoology published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Linnean Society. The editor-in-chief is Maarten Christenhusz (Linnean Society). ...
'' 160: 1-16. .
*
Uganda }), is a landlocked country in East Africa East Africa, Eastern Africa, or East of Africa, is the eastern subregion of the African continent. In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions, 10-11-(16*) territor ...
Wronski T. & Hausdorf B. (2010). "Diversity and body-size patterns of land snails in rain forests in Uganda". ''
Journal of Molluscan Studies The ''Journal of Molluscan Studies'' is the peer-reviewed scientific journal of the Malacological Society of London, covering research in malacology.
'' 76(1): 87-100. .


Species

Species within the genus ''Ptychotrema'' include: * '' Ptychotrema mazumbiensis'' Tattersfield, 1999 * '' Ptychotrema usambarense'' Verdcourt ? subgenus '' Ennea'' * ''Ptychotrema'' (''Ennea'') ''bequaerti'' (Dautzenberg & Germain, 1914) * ''Ptychotrema'' (''Ennea'') ''fraterculus'' Pilsbry, 1919 * ''Ptychotrema'' (''Ennea'') ''paradoxulum'' (Martens, 1895) * ''Ptychotrema'' (''Ennea'') ''pollonerae'' Preston, 1913 * ''Ptychotrema'' (''Ennea'') ''silvaticum'' Pilsbry, 1919 subgenus '' Haplonepion'' Pilsbry, 1919Pilsbry H. A. (1919). "A review of the land mollusks of the Belgian Congo chiefly based on the collection of the American Museum Congo Expedition, 1909–1915". ''
Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History The ''Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in the fields of zoology, paleontology, and geology. It is part of a group of journals published by the American Museum of Natural History, in whic ...
'' 40(1): 1-370. page 200-201.
* ''Ptychotrema'' (''Haplonepion'') ''geminatum'' (Martens, 1895) * ''Ptychotrema'' (''Haplonepion'') ''runsoranum'' (Martens, 1892) ? subgenus '' Parennea'' * Ptychotrema (''Parennea'') aequatoriale Pilsbry, 1919 * ''Ptychotrema'' (''Parennea'') ''cossyphae'' van Bruggen, 1989 * ''Ptychotrema'' (''Parennea'') ''goossensi'' (Adam & van Goethem, 1978) * ''Ptychotrema'' (''Parennea'') ''kerereense'' (Adam & van Goethem, 1978) * ''Ptychotrema'' (''Parennea'') ''kigeziense'' (Preston, 1913) * ''Ptychotrema'' (''Parennea'') ''pelengeense'' (Adam & van Goethem, 1978)


References


Further reading

* Adam W. & van Goethem J. L. (1978). Revision du sous-genre ''Parennea'' Pilsbry du Genre ''Ptychotrema'' Morch (Mollusca-Pulmonata-Streptaxidae)". ''Études du Continent Africain'', Bruxelles 5: 1-79. * Oke O. C. & Odiete W.O. (1996). "New species of land molluscs from south western Nigeria I. A new species attributed to ''Ptychotrema'' (Mollusca, Gastropoda)". '' Journal of African Zoology'' 110: 99-104. * Verdcourt B. (1985). "New taxa of ''
Gulella ''Gulella'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Streptaxidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Gulella L. Pfeiffer, 1856. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...
'' L. Pfr. and ''Ptychotrema'' Mörch (Mollusca, Streptaxidae) from Eastern Africa". ''
Journal of Conchology The ''Journal of Conchology'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by The Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland, covering research in conchology and malacology. It claims to be the world's oldest continuing publication on t ...
'' 32(1): 109-122
abstract
Streptaxidae Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Streptaxidae-stub