''Psychrobacter arcticus'' is a

Gram-negative Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall ...

, nonmotile species of bacteria first isolated from Siberian

permafrost Permafrost is ground that continuously remains below 0 °C (32 °F) for two or more years, located on land or under the ocean. Most common in the Northern Hemisphere, around 15% of the Northern Hemisphere or 11% of the global surface ...

. Its type strain is 273-4^T (=DSM 17307^T =VKM B-2377^T). Hypoacylated

lipopolysaccharide Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are large molecules consisting of a lipid and a polysaccharide that are bacterial toxins. They are composed of an O-antigen, an outer core, and an inner core all joined by a covalent bond, and are found in the outer m ...

(LPS) from ''P. arcticus'' induces weak

TLR4 Toll-like receptor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TLR4'' gene. TLR4 is a transmembrane protein, member of the toll-like receptor family, which belongs to the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) family. Its activation leads to an ...

-mediated inflammatory response in

macrophages Macrophages (abbreviated as M φ, MΦ or MP) ( el, large eaters, from Greek ''μακρός'' (') = large, ''φαγεῖν'' (') = to eat) are a type of white blood cell of the immune system that engulfs and digests pathogens, such as cancer ce ...

and such LPS bioactivity may potentially result in the failure of local and systemic bacterial clearance in patients.

References

External links

LPSN
*
Type strain of ''Psychrobacter arcticus'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
Moraxellaceae Bacteria described in 2007 {{Pseudomonadales-stub

References

Further reading

External links