''Pseudomonas luteola'' is an opportunistic pathogen, found ubiquitously in damp environments. Originally designated in the genus ''Chryseomonas'', the species has since been reassigned to the genus ''Pseudomonas''.

Morphology

''Pseudomonas luteola'' is a Gram-negative,

motile Motility is the ability of an organism to move independently, using metabolic energy. Definitions Motility, the ability of an organism to move independently, using metabolic energy, can be contrasted with sessility, the state of organisms th ...

aerobe. Its motility is created by multitrichous flagella. They grow as rods of 0.8 μm to 2.5 μm.http://www.tgw1916.net/Pseudomonas/luteola.html Colonies produce a yellow-orange pigment. Optimal temperature for growth is 30 °C. Importantly for classification, it grows best on heart infusion agar supplemented with 5% horse blood. It is also able to grow on TSA, Nutrient Agar, Mac Conkey or CASA Agar.

Biosorption

''Pseudomonas luteola'' can absorb certain heavy metals such as Cr(VI) and Al(III). Both ions are found in industrial wastewaters. These metals are specifically targeted by P. luteola strain TEM05. Under relatively acidic conditions (pH: 4 and 5 for each ion respectively). Experiments indicated a maximum adsorption capacity of 55.2 mg g⁻¹ for Al(III) and 3.0 mg g⁻¹ for Cr(VI). This same strain is also known to produce an

exopolysaccharide Extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) are natural polymers of high molecular weight secreted by microorganisms into their environment. EPSs establish the functional and structural integrity of biofilms, and are considered the fundamental comp ...

(EPS) utilized in the adsorption of nickel and copper. In order to adsorb Ni and Cu at significant levels, the strain must be immobilized in a

calcium alginate Calcium alginate is a water-insoluble, gelatinous, cream-coloured substance that can be created through the addition of aqueous calcium chloride to aqueous sodium alginate. Calcium alginate is also used for entrapment of enzymes and forming artif ...

beads. With this enhancement, maximum adsorption capacities range from 45.87–50.81 mg g⁻¹ and 52.91–61.73 mg g⁻¹, respectively.

Pathenogenicity

The pathogenic form of ''Pseudomonas luteola'' is a saprophyte. It is an

opportunistic pathogen An opportunistic infection is an infection caused by pathogens (bacteria, fungi, parasites or viruses) that take advantage of an opportunity not normally available. These opportunities can stem from a variety of sources, such as a weakened immune ...

that can cause bacteremia, meningitis, prosthetic valve

endocarditis Endocarditis is an inflammation of the inner layer of the heart, the endocardium. It usually involves the heart valves. Other structures that may be involved include the interventricular septum, the chordae tendineae, the mural endocardium, or the ...

, peritonitis in humans and animals. ''P. luteola'' is registered by the CDC as group Ve-1. Most strains are susceptible to broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as cephalosporins, aminosids, and ciprofloxacin. However, infections associated with foreign material are highly resistant, and infected prostheses have to be removed if possible.

References

External links

Type strain of ''Pseudomonas luteola'' at Bac''Dive'' – the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
{{Taxonbar, from=Q7255062 Gram-negative bacteria Bacteria described in 1985