''Pseudancistrus kayabi'' is a

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

catfish Catfish (or catfishes; order Siluriformes or Nematognathi) are a diverse group of ray-finned fish. Named for their prominent barbels, which resemble a cat's whiskers, catfish range in size and behavior from the three largest species alive, ...

in the family Loricariidae. It is native to

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe ...

, where it occurs in the

Teles Pires River The Teles Pires ( pt, Rio São Manuel) is a long river in Brazil. The river flows through the state of Mato Grosso and its lower part marks the border between the states of Mato Grosso and Pará. At its mouth it joins Juruena River and together t ...

, which is part of the Tapajós basin in the state of

Mato Grosso Mato Grosso ( – lit. "Thick Bush") is one of the states of Brazil, the third largest by area, located in the Central-West region. The state has 1.66% of the Brazilian population and is responsible for 1.9% of the Brazilian GDP. Neighboring ...

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

. The species reaches 8.8 cm (3.5 inches) SL. Its specific epithet, ''kayabi'', refers to the

Kayabí The Kayabí or Kaiabi are an indigenous people of Brazil inhabiting the northern state of Mato Grosso. They primarily live in the Xingu Indigenous Park and the Indian Reservation of Apiaká-Kayabi south of Pará. There are approximately 1300 K ...

people who historically inhabited the region surrounding the Teles Pires,

Arinos Arinos is a municipality in northern Minas Gerais state in Brazil. Arinos is located east of the Federal District on the Urucuia River, a major tributary of the São Francisco. The city is 333 km from Brasília. The municipality belongs t ...

, and Dos Peixes river basins in Mato Grosso. It was described in 2015 by Gabriel S. C. Silva, Fábio F. Roxo, and Claudio Oliveira alongside the related species ''

Pseudancistrus asurini ''Pseudancistrus asurini'' is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Xingu River basin in the state of Pará in Brazil. The species reaches 19.6 cm (7.7 inches) SL. Its specific ep ...

'' from the Xingu River basin.Silva, G. S., Roxo, F. F., & Oliveira, C. (2015). Two new species of Pseudancistrus (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from the Amazon basin, northern Brazil. ''ZooKeys'', (482), 21–34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.482.6909

References

Ancistrini Fish of Brazil Fish described in 2015 {{Loricariidae-stub