Prymnesin-1 is a chemical with the molecular formula . It is a member of the

prymnesins Prymnesin may refer to: * Prymnesin-1 * Prymnesin-2 * Prymnesin-B1 Prymnesin-B1 is a chemical with the molecular formula . It is a member of the prymnesins, a class of ladder-frame polyether phycotoxins made by the alga '' Prymnesium parvum''. It ...

, a class of

hemolytic Hemolysis or haemolysis (), also known by several other names, is the rupturing (lysis) of red blood cells (erythrocytes) and the release of their contents (cytoplasm) into surrounding fluid (e.g. blood plasma). Hemolysis may occur in vivo o ...

phycotoxins made by the alga ''

Prymnesium parvum ''Prymnesium parvum'' is a species of haptophytes (also collectively called Prymnesiophyta). The species is of concern because of its ability to produce the phycotoxin prymnesin. It is a flagellated alga that is normally found suspended in the ...

''. It is known to be toxic to fish, causing mass fish deaths around the world, including in Texas and England, or in 2022 in the border region of Germany and Poland (Oder).

Structures

Prymnesin-1 is formed of a large polyether polycyclic core with several conjugate double and triple bonds, chlorine and nitrogen heteroatoms and O-linked sugar moieties including α-D-ribofuranose, α-L-arabinopyranose, and β-D-galactofuranose, unlike the single linked α-L-xylofuranose of

prymnesin-2 Prymnesin-2 is an organic compound that is secreted by the haptophyte ''Prymnesium parvum''. It belongs to the prymnesin family and has potent hemolytic and ichthyotoxic properties. In a purified form it appears as a pale yellow solid. ''P. parvum ...

. There are three forms of prymnesin known, prymnesin 1 and 2, differing in their glycosylation, and prymnesin B1 differing in backbone.

References

{{reflist Phycotoxins Polyether toxins Primary alcohols Secondary alcohols Conjugated enynes Organochlorides Halohydrins Halogen-containing natural products Amines Polyynes Glycosides

Structures

See also

References