Cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase () also known as carnosine dipeptidase 2 is an

enzyme Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products. A ...

that in humans is encoded by the ''CNDP2''

gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba ...

. This enzyme catalyses the following

chemical reaction A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the IUPAC nomenclature for organic transformations, chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the pos ...

Hydrolysis Hydrolysis (; ) is any chemical reaction in which a molecule of water breaks one or more chemical bonds. The term is used broadly for substitution reaction, substitution, elimination reaction, elimination, and solvation reactions in which water ...

dipeptides A dipeptide is an organic compound derived from two amino acids. The constituent amino acids can be the same or different. When different, two isomers of the dipeptide are possible, depending on the sequence. Several dipeptides are physiologicall ...

, preferentially hydrophobic dipeptides including

prolyl Proline (symbol Pro or P) is an organic acid classed as a proteinogenic amino acid (used in the biosynthesis of proteins), although it does not contain the amino group but is rather a secondary amine. The secondary amine nitrogen is in the prot ...

amino acids This

zinc Zinc is a chemical element with the symbol Zn and atomic number 30. Zinc is a slightly brittle metal at room temperature and has a shiny-greyish appearance when oxidation is removed. It is the first element in group 12 (IIB) of the periodi ...

enzyme has broad specificity.

Nomenclature

Cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase is also known as * N2-beta-alanylarginine dipeptidase * glycyl-glycine dipeptidase * glycyl-leucine dipeptidase * iminodipeptidase * peptidase A * Pro-X dipeptidase * prolinase * prolyl dipeptidase * prolylglycine dipeptidase * L-prolylglycine dipeptidase * diglycinase * Gly-Leu hydrolase * glycyl-L-leucine dipeptidase * glycyl-L-leucine hydrolase * glycyl-L-leucine peptidase * L-amino-acyl-L-amino-acid hydrolase * glycylleucine peptidase * glycylleucine hydrolase * glycylleucine dipeptide hydrolase * non-specific dipeptidase * human cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase

Dipeptidase Dipeptidases are enzymes secreted by enterocytes into the small intestine. Dipeptidases hydrolyze bound pairs of amino acids, called dipeptides. Dipeptidases are secreted onto the brush border of the villi in the small intestine, where they cleave ...

is a type of

peptidase A protease (also called a peptidase, proteinase, or proteolytic enzyme) is an enzyme that catalyzes (increases reaction rate or "speeds up") proteolysis, breaking down proteins into smaller polypeptides or single amino acids, and spurring the fo ...

, which is a type of

hydrolase Hydrolase is a class of enzyme that commonly perform as biochemical catalysts that use water to break a chemical bond, which typically results in dividing a larger molecule into smaller molecules. Some common examples of hydrolase enzymes are este ...

. Other term with the suffix

-ase The suffix -ase is used in biochemistry to form names of enzymes. The most common way to name enzymes is to add this suffix onto the end of the substrate, ''e.g.'' an enzyme that breaks down peroxides may be called peroxidase; the enzyme that pro ...

denotes enzymes acting on the substrate with the suffix. Beta-alanyl is an acyl group derived from beta-alanine. ''N''²-beta-alanylarginine is a dipeptide of beta-alanine and

arginine Arginine is the amino acid with the formula (H2N)(HN)CN(H)(CH2)3CH(NH2)CO2H. The molecule features a guanidino group appended to a standard amino acid framework. At physiological pH, the carboxylic acid is deprotonated (−CO2−) and both the am ...

Glycyl Glycine (symbol Gly or G; ) is an amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain. It is the simplest stable amino acid (carbamic acid is unstable), with the chemical formula In chemistry, a chemical formula is a way of pres ...

is an acyl group derived from glycine.

Glycyl-glycine Glycylglycine is the dipeptide of glycine, making it the simplest peptide Peptides (, ) are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Long chains of amino acids are called proteins. Chains of fewer than twenty amino acids are call ...

or diglycine is a dipeptide of two glycine (Gly) molecules. Glycyl-leucine, glycylleucine, glycyl-L-leucine, or Gly-Leu is a dipeptide of glycine and

leucine Leucine (symbol Leu or L) is an essential amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Leucine is an α-amino acid, meaning it contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH3+ form under biological conditions), an α- ca ...

(Leu). Prolyl is an acyl group derived from

proline Proline (symbol Pro or P) is an organic acid classed as a proteinogenic amino acid (used in the biosynthesis of proteins), although it does not contain the amino group but is rather a secondary amine. The secondary amine nitrogen is in the prot ...

(Pro). Pro-X is a dipeptide of proline and another amino acid. Prolylglycine, or L-prolylglycine is a dipeptide of proline and glycine (Pro-Gly, included in Pro-X).

References

External links

* {{Portal bar, Biology, border=no EC 3.4.13

Nomenclature

See also

References

External links