''Proceratium'' is a rare genus of ants in the

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...

Proceratiinae Proceratiinae is a subfamily of ants in the poneromorph subfamilies group, with three extant genera, of which most are tropical or subtropical, although overall distribution is worldwide. Identification The ants are relatively small to medium i ...

. It is the type genus of the tribe Proceratiini, which in addition to ''Proceratium'' consists of two even rarer genera: the extant '' Discothyrea'' and the fossil genus '' Bradoponera''.

Distribution

The genus is rare, but widespread throughout the northern temperate and tropical zones. In the

Old World The "Old World" is a term for Afro-Eurasia that originated in Europe , after Europeans became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia, which were previously thought of by the ...

, it is distributed from Spain to

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

, in

sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Africa is, geographically, the area and regions of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara. These include West Africa, East Africa, Central Africa, and Southern Africa. Geopolitically, in addition to the List of sov ...

, Mauritius, the

Malay Archipelago The Malay Archipelago (Indonesian/Malay: , tgl, Kapuluang Malay) is the archipelago between mainland Indochina and Australia. It has also been called the " Malay world," "Nusantara", "East Indies", Indo-Australian Archipelago, Spices Archipe ...

, New Guinea, Queensland (

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

) and

Fiji Fiji ( , ,; fj, Viti, ; Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी, ''Fijī''), officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about north-northeast of New Zealand. Fiji consists ...

. In the New World, it is known from Canada to Brazil (and some

Caribbean The Caribbean (, ) ( es, El Caribe; french: la Caraïbe; ht, Karayib; nl, De Caraïben) is a region of the Americas that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean Se ...

islands).

Biology

Colonies are relatively small, usually containing less than 200 individuals. They nest in soil, in rotten wood, under stones, or on tree branches. Similar to its sister genus '' Discothyrea'', some species are specialist predators of arthropod eggs, mainly spider eggs.

Species

*''

Proceratium algiricum ''Proceratium'' is a rare genus of ants in the subfamily Proceratiinae. It is the type genus of the tribe Proceratiini, which in addition to ''Proceratium'' consists of two even rarer genera: the extant ''Discothyrea'' and the fossil genus ''Bra ...

'' Forel, 1899 *''

Proceratium angulinode ''Proceratium'' is a rare genus of ants in the subfamily Proceratiinae. It is the type genus of the tribe Proceratiini, which in addition to ''Proceratium'' consists of two even rarer genera: the extant ''Discothyrea'' and the fossil genus ''Bra ...

'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *''

Proceratium arnoldi ''Proceratium'' is a rare genus of ants in the subfamily Proceratiinae. It is the type genus of the tribe Proceratiini, which in addition to ''Proceratium'' consists of two even rarer genera: the extant ''Discothyrea'' and the fossil genus ''Bra ...

'' Forel, 1913 *''

Proceratium australe ''Proceratium'' is a rare genus of ants in the subfamily Proceratiinae. It is the type genus of the tribe Proceratiini, which in addition to ''Proceratium'' consists of two even rarer genera: the extant ''Discothyrea'' and the fossil genus ''Bra ...

'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *''

Proceratium austronesicum ''Proceratium'' is a rare genus of ants in the subfamily Proceratiinae. It is the type genus of the tribe Proceratiini, which in addition to ''Proceratium'' consists of two even rarer genera: the extant ''Discothyrea'' and the fossil genus ''Bra ...

'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium avium'' Brown, 1974 *'' Proceratium banjaranense'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *''

Proceratium boltoni ''Proceratium'' is a rare genus of ants in the subfamily Proceratiinae. It is the type genus of the tribe Proceratiini, which in addition to ''Proceratium'' consists of two even rarer genera: the extant ''Discothyrea'' and the fossil genus ''Bra ...

'' Leston, 1971 *'' Proceratium brasiliense'' Borgmeier, 1959 *'' Proceratium burundense'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium caledonicum'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium californicum'' Cook, 1953 *'' Proceratium catio'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium cavinodus'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium chickasaw'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium colombicum'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium compitale'' Ward, 1988 *'' Proceratium confinium'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium convexiceps'' Borgmeier, 1957 *'' Proceratium crassicorne'' Emery, 1895 *'' Proceratium creek'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium croceum'' (Roger, 1860) *'' Proceratium cubanum'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium dayak'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium deelemani'' Perrault, 1981 *†'' Proceratium denticulatum'' Lattke, 1991 *'' Proceratium diplopyx'' Brown, 1980 *†'' Proceratium dominicanum'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium dusun'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium ecuadoriense'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *†'' Proceratium eocenicum'' Dlussky, 2009 *'' Proceratium foveolatum'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium galilaeum'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *†'' Proceratium gibberum'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium gigas'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium goliath'' Kempf & Brown, 1968 *'' Proceratium google'' Fisher, 2005 *'' Proceratium gracile'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium hirsutum'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium itoi'' (Forel, 1918) *'' Proceratium ivimka'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium japonicum'' Santschi, 1937 *'' Proceratium lattkei'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium lombokense'' Emery, 1897 *'' Proceratium longigaster'' Karavaiev, 1935 *'' Proceratium longiscapus'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium longmenense'' Xu, 2006 *'' Proceratium lunatum'' Terron, 1981 *'' Proceratium malesianum'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium mancum'' Mann, 1922 *'' Proceratium melinum'' (Roger, 1860) *'' Proceratium melitense'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium mexicanum'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium micrommatum'' (Roger, 1863) *'' Proceratium microsculptum'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium morisitai'' Onoyama & Yoshimura, 2002 *'' Proceratium nujiangense'' Xu, 2006 *'' Proceratium numidicum'' Santschi, 1912 *'' Proceratium oceanicum'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium panamense'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium papuanum'' Emery, 1897 *'' Proceratium pergandei'' (Emery, 1895) *†'' Proceratium petrosum'' Dlussky, Rasnitsyn & Perfilieva, 2015 *†'' Proceratium poinari'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium politum'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium pumilio'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium relictum'' Mann, 1921 Proceratium eocenicum paratype GPIH-BE4507 Profile whole

Proceratium eocenicum paratype GPIH-BE4507 Profile whole

*'' Proceratium robustum'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium siamense'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium silaceum'' Roger, 1863 *'' Proceratium snellingi'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium stictum'' Brown, 1958 *'' Proceratium striativenter'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium sulawense'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium taino'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium terraealtae'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium terroni'' Bolton, 1995 *'' Proceratium tio'' Snelling & Cover, 1992 *'' Proceratium toschii'' (Consani, 1951) *'' Proceratium transitionis'' Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003 *'' Proceratium vinaka'' Garcia, Sarnat, & Economo, 2015 *'' Proceratium watasei'' (Wheeler, 1906) *'' Proceratium williamsi'' Mathew & Tiwari, 2000 *'' Proceratium zhaoi'' Xu, 2000

References

External links

* Proceratiinae Ant genera {{ant-stub