Polynemus Multifilis
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''Polynemus multifilis'', the elegant paradise fish is a species of ray-finned fish, a threadfin from the family
Polynemidae Threadfins are silvery grey perciform fish of the family Polynemidae. Found in tropical to subtropical waters throughout the world, the threadfin family contains eight genera and about 40 species. An unrelated species sometimes known by the n ...
which is found in rivers in southeast Asia.


Description

''Polynemus multifilis'' is a medium-sized species of threadfin which attains a maximum
standard length Fish measurement is the measuring of individual fish and various parts of their anatomies. These data are used in many areas of ichthyology, including taxonomy and fisheries biology. Overall length * Standard length (SL) is the length of a fish m ...
of . It has a pointed snout and the dorsal profile of the head is almost straight, There are two separate dorsal fins, the first dorsal fin contains 8 spines which are all of a similar thickness at their bases and the second dorsal fin has a single spine and 14-16 soft rats. The
anal fin Fins are distinctive anatomical features composed of bony spines or rays protruding from the body of a fish. They are covered with skin and joined together either in a webbed fashion, as seen in most bony fish, or similar to a flipper, as se ...
contains 3 spines and 11 to 13 soft rays and its base is shorter than that of the second dorsal fin. The pectoral fin has 14-16 unbranched soft rays and its tip reaches the origin of the anal fin. There are normally fourteen, rarely thirteen or fifteen, pectoral filaments on each side of the body and the count on each side is not necessarily symmetrical. The longest of these are longer than the total length of the fish. The
lateral line The lateral line, also called the lateral line organ (LLO), is a system of sensory organs found in fish, used to detect movement, vibration, and pressure gradients in the surrounding water. The sensory ability is achieved via modified epithelial ...
contains 83-99 pored scales and is simple, it starts at the upper margin of the gill slit and extends to the middle of the caudal fin. The caudal fin is deeply forked but neither lobe bears any filaments. The upper head and upper body are dark purplish-blue and below this the fish is silver in colour. The bases of the dorsal, anal and caudal fins are greyish white while the forward margin of the pelvic fin white. The remaining parts of these fins are semi-transparent as is the pectoral fin.The pectoral filaments are white.


Distribution

''Polynemus multifilis'' has been recorded from the Chao Phraya River system in Thailand, the Musi and Batanghari rivers in southeastern Sumatra, Indonesia, and on Borneo in the Sampit and Barito rivers in southern
Kalimantan Kalimantan () is the Indonesian portion of the island of Borneo. It constitutes 73% of the island's area. The non-Indonesian parts of Borneo are Brunei and East Malaysia. In Indonesia, "Kalimantan" refers to the whole island of Borneo. In 2019, ...
, Indonesia. This species is absent from the Kapuas River where the endemic '' Polynemus kapuasensis'' appears to replace it.


Habitat and biology

''Polynemus multifilis'' is found in freshwater rivers where there is a sandy or muddy substrate. It is a carnivorous species which preys on crustaceans, small fishes and benthic invertebrates.


Fisheries

''Polynemus multifilis'' is highly regarded as a food fish, especially in Thailand. It is also caught for export to Japan as an ornamental fish.


Species description

''Polynemus multifilis'' was first formally described in 1843 by Coenraad Jacob Temminck and Hermann Schlegel with the
type locality Type locality may refer to: * Type locality (biology) * Type locality (geology) See also * Local (disambiguation) * Locality (disambiguation) {{disambiguation ...
being given as near Banjarmasin on Borneo.


References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q958308 multifilis Taxa named by Coenraad Jacob Temminck - 1846 Taxa named by Hermann Schlegel Fish described in 1843 Fish of Indonesia Fish of Thailand