Polymixiidae
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The beardfishes consist of a single extant genus, ''
Polymixia ''Polymixia'' is the only extant taxon, extant genus of the Order (biology), order Polymixiiformes and the only genus in Polymixiidae. It contains 10 species, all of which live in deepwater marine environments. They are found in tropical and subt ...
'', of deep-sea marine ray-finned fish named for their pair of long hyoid barbels. They are classified in their own order Polymixiiformes . But as Nelson says, "few groups have been shifted back and forth as frequently as this one, and they were recently added to Paracanthoptergii". For instance, they have previously been classified as belonging to the Beryciformes. They are of little economic importance. They are found in tropical and subtropical waters of the Atlantic, Indian and western Pacific Ocean. They are bottom-dwelling fish, found down to about depth. Most are relatively small fish, although one species, ''
Polymixia berndti ''Polymixia berndti'' is a species of beardfish found in the Indian and Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean ...
'', is over in length.


Classification

* Order Polymixiiformes Rosen & Patterson, 1969 ** Genus †'' Cumbaaichthys'' Murray 2016 *** †'' Cumbaaichthys oxyrhynchus'' Murray 2016 ** Family † Boreiohydriidae Murray & Cumbaa 2013 *** Genus †'' Boreiohydrias'' Murray & Cumbaa 2013 **** †'' Boreiohydrias dayi'' Murray & Cumbaa 2013 ** Family † Digoriidae Bannikov 1985 *** Genus †'' Digoria'' Jordan 1923 **** †'' Digoria ambigua'' Jordan 1923 ** Family Polymixiidae Gill 1862 erycopsidae Regan 1911; Dalmatichthyidae Radovčić 1975; Omosomopsidae Gaudant 1978; Homonotichthyidae Whitley 1933*** Genus †'' Apricenaichthys'' Taverne 2011 **** †'' Apricenaichthys italicus'' *** Genus †''
Berycopsia ''Berycopsia'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived from the Turonian. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * Lis ...
'' Radovčić 1975 **** †''
Berycopsia inopinnata ''Berycopsia'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived from the Turonian. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * Lis ...
'' Radovčić 1975 *** Genus †''
Berycopsis ''Berycopsis'' is an extinct genus of beardfish from the Cretaceous period. Fossils are known from England. It was about long and one of the first members of the Acanthopterygii, the group that includes the present day barracuda, swordfish, sea ...
'' Dixon 1850 'Platycormus'' von der Marck 1900">Platycormus.html" ;"title="' 'Platycormus'' von der Marck 1900**** †'' B. elegans'' Dixon 1850 [''Platycormus elegans'' (Dixon 1850)">Platycormus">'Platycormus'' von der Marck 1900**** †''Berycopsis elegans">B. elegans'' Dixon 1850 [''Platycormus elegans'' (Dixon 1850)**** †''Berycopsis germana">B. germana'' (Agassiz 1839) [''Beryx germanus'' Agassiz 1839; ''Platycormus germanus'' (Agassiz 1839)] **** †''Berycopsis pulcher, B. pulcher'' Bannikov & Bacchia 2004 *** Genus †''
Dalmatichthys ''Dalmatichthys'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organi ...
'' Radovčić 1975 **** †''Dalmatichthys malezi'' Radovčić 1975 *** Genus †'' Homonotichthys'' Whitley 1933 **** †'' H. dorsalis'' (Dixon 1850) 'Homonotus dorsalis'' Dixon 1850**** †'' H. elegans'' (Dixon 1850) 'Homonotus elegans'' Dixon 1850**** †'' H. rotundus'' (Woodward 1902) 'Homonotus rotundus'' Woodward 1902*** Genus †'' Magrebichthys'' Murray & Wilson 2014 **** †'' Magrebichthys nelsoni'' Murray & Wilson 2014 *** Genus †'' Omosoma'' Costa 1857 **** †'' O. garretti'' Bardack 1976 **** †'' O. pulchellum'' Davis 1887 **** †'' O. sahelaimae'' Costa 1857 **** †'' O. tselfatense'' Gaudant 1978 *** Genus †''
Omosomopsis ''Omosomopsis'' is a genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish from the Late Cretaceous The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the younger of two epochs into which the Cretaceous Period is divided in the geologic time scale. Rock strata from this ...
'' Gaudant 1978 **** †'' Omosomopsis sima'' (Arambourg 1954) Gaudant 1978 *** Genus †'' Parapolymyxia'' David 1946 *** Genus †'' Pycnosterinx'' Heckel 1849 'Imogaster'' Costa 1857">Imogaster.html" ;"title="' 'Imogaster'' Costa 1857 **** †'' P. discoides'' Heckel 1849 **** †'' P. dorsalis'' Pictet 1850 **** †'' P. heckelii'' Pictet 1850 **** †'' P. latus'' Davis 1887 **** †''Pycnosterinx russeggeri">P. russeggeri'' Heckel 1849 [''Homonotus pulcher'' Davis 1886">Pycnosterinx latus">P. latus'' Davis 1887 **** †''Pycnosterinx russeggeri">P. russeggeri'' Heckel 1849 [''Homonotus pulcher'' Davis 1886*** Genus ''
Polymixia ''Polymixia'' is the only extant taxon, extant genus of the Order (biology), order Polymixiiformes and the only genus in Polymixiidae. It contains 10 species, all of which live in deepwater marine environments. They are found in tropical and subt ...
'' Lowe 1836 [''Dinemus'' Poey 1860; ''Nemobrama'' Valenciennes 1860 non Jordan, Evermann & Clark 1930] **** ''Polymixia berndti, P. berndti'' Gilbert 1905 (Pacific beardfish) **** '' P. busakhini'' Kotlyar 1993 (Busakhin's beardfish) **** '' P. fusca'' Kotthaus 1970 **** '' P. japonica'' Günther 1877 (Silver eye) **** '' P. longispina'' Deng, Xiong & Zhan 1983 'Polymixia kawadae'' Okamura & Ema 1985**** '' P. lowei'' Günther 1859 (Beardfish) **** '' P. nobilis'' Lowe 1838 'Nemobrama webbii'' Valenciennes 1837; ''Dinemus venustus'' Poey 1860; ''Polymixia nobilis virginica'' Nichols & Firth 1936(Stout beardfish) **** †'' P. polita'' Schwarzhans 2012 **** '' P. salagomeziensis'' Kotlyar 1991 **** '' P. sazonovi'' Kotlyar 1992 **** '' P. yuri'' Kotlyar 1982


Timeline of genera

ImageSize = width:1000px height:auto barincrement:15px PlotArea = left:10px bottom:50px top:10px right:10px Period = from:-145.5 till:10 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:10 start:-145.5 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:-145.5 TimeAxis = orientation:hor AlignBars = justify Colors = #legends id:CAR value:claret id:ANK value:rgb(0.4,0.3,0.196) id:HER value:teal id:HAD value:green id:OMN value:blue id:black value:black id:white value:white id:cretaceous value:rgb(0.5,0.78,0.31) id:earlycretaceous value:rgb(0.63,0.78,0.65) id:latecretaceous value:rgb(0.74,0.82,0.37) id:cenozoic value:rgb(0.54,0.54,0.258) id:paleogene value:rgb(0.99,0.6,0.32) id:paleocene value:rgb(0.99,0.65,0.37) id:eocene value:rgb(0.99,0.71,0.42) id:oligocene value:rgb(0.99,0.75,0.48) id:neogene value:rgb(0.999999,0.9,0.1) id:miocene value:rgb(0.999999,0.999999,0) id:pliocene value:rgb(0.97,0.98,0.68) id:quaternary value:rgb(0.98,0.98,0.5) id:pleistocene value:rgb(0.999999,0.95,0.68) id:holocene value:rgb(0.999,0.95,0.88) BarData= bar:eratop bar:space bar:periodtop bar:space bar:NAM1 bar:NAM2 bar:NAM3 bar:NAM4 bar:NAM5 bar:NAM6 bar:NAM7 bar:NAM8 bar:NAM9 bar:NAM10 bar:space bar:period bar:space bar:era PlotData= align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25 shift:(7,-4) bar:periodtop from: -145.5 till: -99.6 color:earlycretaceous text:
Early Early may refer to: History * The beginning or oldest part of a defined historical period, as opposed to middle or late periods, e.g.: ** Early Christianity ** Early modern Europe Places in the United States * Early, Iowa * Early, Texas * Early ...
from: -99.6 till: -65.5 color:latecretaceous text: Late from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text: Paleo. from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text: Eo. from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text: Oligo. from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text: Mio. from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text:
Pl. PL, P.L., Pl, or .pl may refer to: Businesses and organizations Government and political * Partit Laburista, a Maltese political party * Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006), a Brazilian political party * Liberal Party (Moldova), a Moldovan political p ...
from: -2.588 till: -0.0117 color:pleistocene text:
Pl. PL, P.L., Pl, or .pl may refer to: Businesses and organizations Government and political * Partit Laburista, a Maltese political party * Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006), a Brazilian political party * Liberal Party (Moldova), a Moldovan political p ...
from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text: H. bar:eratop from: -145.5 till: -65.5 color:cretaceous text: Cretaceous from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:
Paleogene The Paleogene ( ; British English, also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene; informally Lower Tertiary or Early Tertiary) is a geologic period, geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period million yea ...
from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:
Neogene The Neogene ( ), informally Upper Tertiary or Late Tertiary, is a geologic period and system that spans 20.45 million years from the end of the Paleogene Period million years ago ( Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period Mya. ...
from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text: Q. PlotData= align:left fontsize:M mark:(line,white) width:5 anchor:till align:left color:latecretaceous bar:NAM1 from:-99.6 till:-97.6 text: Aipichthyoides color:latecretaceous bar:NAM2 from:-99.6 till:-97.6 text:
Aipichthys ''Aipichthys'' is an extinct genus of bony fish that is possibly polyphyletic. Species Five species have traditionally placed within ''Aipichthys'', but a redescription of the type species in 2016 suggested the genus to be polyphyletic, with on ...
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM3 from:-99.6 till:-97.6 text: Paraipichthys color:latecretaceous bar:NAM4 from:-99.6 till:-93.5 text: Homonotichthys color:latecretaceous bar:NAM5 from:-99.6 till:-70.6 text: Omosoma color:latecretaceous bar:NAM6 from:-99.6 till:-70.6 text:
Berycopsis ''Berycopsis'' is an extinct genus of beardfish from the Cretaceous period. Fossils are known from England. It was about long and one of the first members of the Acanthopterygii, the group that includes the present day barracuda, swordfish, sea ...
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM7 from:-93.5 till:-89.3 text:
Berycopsia ''Berycopsia'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish that lived from the Turonian. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * Lis ...
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM8 from:-89.3 till:-65.5 text:
Dalmatichthys ''Dalmatichthys'' is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish. See also * Prehistoric fish * List of prehistoric bony fish A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organi ...
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM9 from:-85.8 till:-83.5 text: Pycnosterinx color:eocene bar:NAM10 from:-37.2 till:0 text:
Polymixia ''Polymixia'' is the only extant taxon, extant genus of the Order (biology), order Polymixiiformes and the only genus in Polymixiidae. It contains 10 species, all of which live in deepwater marine environments. They are found in tropical and subt ...
PlotData= align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25 bar:period from: -145.5 till: -99.6 color:earlycretaceous text:
Early Early may refer to: History * The beginning or oldest part of a defined historical period, as opposed to middle or late periods, e.g.: ** Early Christianity ** Early modern Europe Places in the United States * Early, Iowa * Early, Texas * Early ...
from: -99.6 till: -65.5 color:latecretaceous text: Late from: -65.5 till: -55.8 color:paleocene text: Paleo. from: -55.8 till: -33.9 color:eocene text: Eo. from: -33.9 till: -23.03 color:oligocene text: Oligo. from: -23.03 till: -5.332 color:miocene text: Mio. from: -5.332 till: -2.588 color:pliocene text:
Pl. PL, P.L., Pl, or .pl may refer to: Businesses and organizations Government and political * Partit Laburista, a Maltese political party * Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006), a Brazilian political party * Liberal Party (Moldova), a Moldovan political p ...
from: -2.588 till: -0.0117 color:pleistocene text:
Pl. PL, P.L., Pl, or .pl may refer to: Businesses and organizations Government and political * Partit Laburista, a Maltese political party * Liberal Party (Brazil, 2006), a Brazilian political party * Liberal Party (Moldova), a Moldovan political p ...
from: -0.0117 till: 0 color:holocene text: H. bar:era from: -145.5 till: -65.5 color:cretaceous text: Cretaceous from: -65.5 till: -23.03 color:paleogene text:
Paleogene The Paleogene ( ; British English, also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene; informally Lower Tertiary or Early Tertiary) is a geologic period, geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period million yea ...
from: -23.03 till: -2.588 color:neogene text:
Neogene The Neogene ( ), informally Upper Tertiary or Late Tertiary, is a geologic period and system that spans 20.45 million years from the end of the Paleogene Period million years ago ( Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period Mya. ...
from: -2.588 till: 0 color:quaternary text: Q.


References

* {{Taxonbar, from1=Q1922429, from2=Q3907757 Fish of Hawaii Extant Late Cretaceous first appearances