Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) is one of the two classes of Polycomb Repressive complexes, the other being
PRC2
PRC2 (polycomb repressive complex 2) is one of the two classes of polycomb-group proteins or (PcG). The other component of this group of proteins is PRC1 ( Polycomb Repressive Complex 1).
This complex has histone methyltransferase activity and ...
.
Polycomb-group proteins play a major role in
transcriptional regulation
In molecular biology and genetics, transcriptional regulation is the means by which a cell regulates the conversion of DNA to RNA ( transcription), thereby orchestrating gene activity. A single gene can be regulated in a range of ways, from al ...
during development. Polycomb Repressive Complexes PRC1 and PRC2 function in the silencing of expression of the
Hox gene
Hox genes, a subset of homeobox genes, are a group of related genes that specify regions of the body plan of an embryo along the head-tail axis of animals. Hox proteins encode and specify the characteristics of 'position', ensuring that the co ...
network involved in development as well as the
inactivation of the X chromosome. PRC1 inhibits the activated form of
RNA polymerase II
RNA polymerase II (RNAP II and Pol II) is a multiprotein complex that transcribes DNA into precursors of messenger RNA (mRNA) and most small nuclear RNA (snRNA) and microRNA. It is one of the three RNAP enzymes found in the nucleus of eukary ...
preinitiation complex with the use of
H3K27me. PRC1 binds to three
nucleosome
A nucleosome is the basic structural unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotes. The structure of a nucleosome consists of a segment of DNA wound around eight histone proteins and resembles thread wrapped around a spool. The nucleosome is the fundamen ...
s, this is believed to limit access of
transcription factors
In molecular biology, a transcription factor (TF) (or sequence-specific DNA-binding factor) is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding to a specific DNA sequence. The f ...
to the
chromatin
Chromatin is a complex of DNA and protein found in eukaryote, eukaryotic cells. The primary function is to package long DNA molecules into more compact, denser structures. This prevents the strands from becoming tangled and also plays important ...
, and therefore limit
gene expression
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product that enables it to produce end products, protein or non-coding RNA, and ultimately affect a phenotype, as the final effect. ...
.
[{{Cite journal, last1=Lehmann, first1=Lynn, last2=Ferrari, first2=Roberto, last3=Vashisht, first3=Ajay A., last4=Wohlschlegel, first4=James A., last5=Kurdistani, first5=Siavash K., last6=Carey, first6=Michael, date=2012-10-19, title=Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) Disassembles RNA Polymerase II Preinitiation Complexes, journal=Journal of Biological Chemistry, language=en, volume=287, issue=43, pages=35784–35794, doi=10.1074/jbc.M112.397430, issn=0021-9258, pmid=22910904, pmc=3476247, doi-access=free]
References
Proteins