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Police collaboration in Vichy France was part of the Vichy government's external political objectives and emerged as an essential tool of collaboration in meeting its policy of collaboration with Nazi Germany during World War II.
Police collaboration in Vichy France was part of the Vichy government's external political objectives and emerged as an essential tool of collaboration in meeting its policy of collaboration with Nazi Germany during World War II.
Oath of state
On 14 August 1941, a decree signed by Philippe Pétain required all civil servants to take an oath of loyalty to him. An official ceremony took place for the police on 20 January 1942, during which 3,000 delegates from the Paris Guard, the National Police and the Police Prefecture met in the great hall of the Palais de Chaillot, under the presidency ofPierre Pucheu
Pierre Firmin Pucheu (27 June 1899 – 20 March 1944) was a French industrialist, fascist and member of the Vichy government. He became after his marriage the son-in-law of the Belgian architect Paul Saintenoy.
Early years
The son of a tailor ...
, Minister of the Interior. After the Peacekeepers' Band played La Marseillaise, the oath was taken in these terms: "I swear loyalty to the Head of State in everything he commands in the interest of the service, public order and the good of the country". To which all the police officers present responded by raising their arms and saying: "I swear it".
Round-ups
French police carried out numerous round-ups (French: ) of Jews during World War II, including the Green ticket roundup in May 1941, the round-up in the 11th arrondissement of Paris in August 1941 in which 4,200 persons were arrested and interned at Drancy, the massiveVélodrome d'Hiver round-up
The Vel' d'Hiv' Roundup ( ; from french: Rafle du Vel' d'Hiv', an abbreviation of ) was a mass arrest of foreign Jewish families by French police and gendarmes at the behest of the German authorities, that took place in Paris on 16 and 17 Jul ...
in 1942 in which over 13,000 Jews were arrested, the rafle of Clermont-Ferrand (25 November 1943), and the roundup in the Old Port of Marseille in 1943. Maurice Rajsfus, ''La Police de Vichy. Les Forces de l'ordre françaises au service de la Gestapo, 1940/1944'', , 1995. Chapter XIV, ''La Bataille de Marseille'', pp. 209–217. Almost all of those arrested were deported to Auschwitz or other death camps.
See also
* Carlingue * Collaboration with the Axis powers *Government of Vichy France
The Government of Vichy France was the collaborationist ruling regime or government in Nazi-occupied France during the Second World War. Of contested legitimacy, it was headquartered in the town of Vichy in occupied France, but it initially ...
* Green ticket roundup
* Groupe mobile de réserve
The Groupes mobiles de réserve (), often referred to as GMR, were paramilitary units created by the Vichy regime during the Second World War. Their development was the special task of René Bousquet, Vichy director-general of the French national p ...
* Law on the status of Jews
* Joseph Darnand
Joseph Darnand (19 March 1897 – 10 October 1945) was a French collaborator with Nazi Germany during World War II. A decorated soldier in the French Army of World War I and early World War II, he went on to become the organizer and ''de facto ...
* Milice
* René Bousquet
René Bousquet (; 11 May 1909 – 8 June 1993) was a high-ranking French political appointee who served as secretary general to the Vichy French police from May 1942 to 31 December 1943. For personal heroism, he had become a protégé of promine ...
* Special Brigades
During the Second World War, the Special Brigades (french: Brigades spéciales, or BS) were a French police force in Vichy France specializing in tracking down "internal enemies" (i.e. French Resistance workers), dissidents, escaped prisoners, Jew ...
* Vel' d'Hiv Roundup
* Vichy anti-Jewish legislation
Anti-Jewish laws were enacted by the Vichy France government in 1940 and 1941 affecting metropolitan France and its overseas territories during World War II. These laws were, in fact, decrees of head of state Marshal Philippe Pétain, since Parli ...
* Vichy Holocaust collaboration timeline
* Wartime collaboration
* Paris in World War II
References
Citations
Bibliography
* * * * * *Further reading
* * * Vichy France The Holocaust in France Corruption in France {{France-hist-stub