Pogonophryne Marmorata

''Pogonophryne'' is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Artedidraconidae, the barbeled plunderfishes. They are native to the Southern Ocean.

Taxonomy

''Pogonophryne'' was first described as a genus in 1914 by the English ichthyologist Charles Tate Regan when he described a new species of fish, ''Pogonophryne scotti'', which had been collected on the Terra Nova Expedition in the Ross Sea. ''P. scotti'' is, therefore, the type species of ''Pogonophryne'' by monotypy. The genus name is a compound of ''pogonos'' meaning "beard", a reference to the barbel on the chin of ''P. scotti'', and "phryne" which means "toad", possibly an allusion to the bumps and knobs on the head, like the skin of a toad.

Species

There are currently 28 recognized species in this genus:
* ''Pogonophryne albipinna'' Eakin, 1981 (White-fin plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne barsukovi'' Andriashev, 1967 (Stub-beard plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne bellingshausenensis'' Eakin, Eastman & Matallanas, 2008 (Spot-less nape plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne brevibarbata'' Balushkin, Andrei Fedorovich Petrov, Petrov & Victor Gavrilovich Prut'ko, Prut'ko, 2011 (Short-beard plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne cerebropogon'' Eakin & Eastman, 1998 (Brain-beard plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne dewitti'' Eakin, 1988 (Dewitt's plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne eakini'' Balushkin, 1999 (Eakin's plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne favosa'' Balushkin & Elena Dmitrievna Korolkova, Korolkova, 2013 Balushkin, A.V. & Korolkova, E.D. (2013): New Species of Plunderfish ''Pogonophryne favosa'' sp. n. (Artedidraconidae, Notothenioidei, Perciformes) from the Cosmonauts Sea (Antarctica) with Description in Artedidraconids of Unusual Anatomical Structures–Convexitas Superaxillaris. ''Journal of Ichthyology, 53 (8): 562-574.''
* ''Pogonophryne fusca'' Balushkin & Eakin, 1998 (Dusky plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne immaculata'' Eakin, 1981 (Spot-less plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne lanceobarbata'' Eakin, 1987 (Lance-beard plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne macropogon'' Eakin, 1981 (Great-beard plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne maculiventrata'' Viktoria Viktorovna Spodareva, Spodareva & Balushkin, 2014 (Spot-belly plunderfish) Spodareva, V.V. & Balushkin, A.V. (2014): Description of a new species of plunderfish of genus ''Pogonophryne'' (Perciformes: Artedidraconidae) from the Bransfield Strait (Antarctica) with a key for the identification of species of the group "marmorata". ''Journal of Ichthyology, 54 (1): 1-6.''
* ''Pogonophryne marmorata'' John Roxborough Norman, Norman, 1938 (Marbled plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne mentella'' Andriashev, 1967 (Long-beard plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne neyelovi'' Gennadiy Aleksandrovich Shandikov, Shandikov & Eakin, 2013 (Hop-beard plunderfish) Shandikov, G.A. & Eakin, R.R. (2013)
''Pogonophryne neyelovi'', a new species of Antarctic short-barbeled plunderfish (Perciformes, Notothenioidei, Artedidraconidae) from the deep Ross Sea.
''ZooKeys, 296: 59–77.''
* ''Pogonophryne orangiensis'' Eakin & Balushkin, 1998 (Orange-beard plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne pallida'' Balushkin & Spodareva, 2015 (Pale plunderfish) Balushkin, A.V. & Spodareva, V.V. (2015): New species of the toad plunderfish of the "albipinna" group, genus ''Pogonophryne'' (Artedidraconidae) from the Ross Sea (Antarctica). ''Journal of Ichthyology, 55 (6): 757-764.''
* ''Pogonophryne pavlovi'' Balushkin, 2013 (Pavlov's plunderfish) Balushkin, A.V. (2013)
A new species of ''Pogonophryne'' (Perciformes: Notothenioidei: Artedidraconidae) from the deep Ross Sea, Antarctica.
''Proceedings of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 317 (2): 119-124.''
* ''Pogonophryne permitini'' Andriashev, 1967 (Fine-spotted plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne platypogon'' Eakin, 1988 (Flat-beard plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne sarmentifera'' Balushkin & Spodareva, 2013 Balushkin, A.V. & Spodareva, V.V. (2013): ''Pogonophryne sarmentifera'' sp. nov. (Artedidraconidae; Notothenioidei; Perciformes) – the deep-water species of Antarctic plunderfishes from the Ross Sea (Southern Ocean). ''Proceedings of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 317 (3): 275-281.''
* ''Pogonophryne scotti'' Regan, 1914 (Saddle-back plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne skorai'' Balushkin & Spodareva, 2013 Balushkin, A.V. & Spodareva, V.V. (2013): ''Pogonophryne skorai'' sp. n. (Perciformes: Artedidraconidae), a new species of toadlike plunderfish from the Bransfield Strait and coastal waters of the South Shetland Islands (Antarctica). ''Russian Journal of Marine Biology, 39 (3): 196–201.''
* ''Pogonophryne squamibarbata'' Eakin & Balushkin, 2000 (Scale-beard plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne stewarti'' Eakin, Eastman & Thomas J. Near, Near, 2009 (Stewart's plunderfish)
* ''Pogonophryne tronio'' Shandikov, Eakin & Sergey Ivanovich Usachev, Usachev, 2013 (Turquoise plunderfish) Shandikov, G.A., Eakin, R.R. & Usachev, S. (2013)
''Pogonophryne tronio'', a new species of Antarctic short-barbeled plunderfish (Perciformes: Notothenioidei: Artedidraconidae) from the deep Ross Sea with new data on Pogonophryne brevibarbata.
''Polar Biology, 36 (2): 273-289.''
* ''Pogonophryne ventrimaculata'' Eakin, 1987 (Spot-belly plunderfish)

Characteristics

''Pogonophryne'' plunderfishes have a broad head which is flattened with post-temporal ridges which vary from weakly to well developed. They have a snout which is longer than the diameter of the eye and a broad space between the eyes. The mental barbel, the barbel on the chin which characterises the barbeled plunderfishes, is tapered to a point or expanded at its tip to a varying extent and frequently has branched or simple processes. The pper lateral line has tubular scales at the front and disc-shaped scales towards the back. The middle lateral line normally has disc¬shaped scales to the front and tubular scales to the rear, frequently these are interspersed with disc-shaped scales. The maximum length of these fishes varies from a standard length of in ''P. albipinna'' to a total length of in ''P. neyelovi''.

Distribution, habitat and biology

''Pogonophryne'' plunderfishes are found in the Southern Ocean around Antarctica reaching as far north as the South Shetland Islands. They are bathydemersal or bathypelagic in deeper water typically at depths greater than . Their biology is little known but they are known to feed on polychaetes and crustaceans such as mysids, isopods and copepods.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2261814

Artedidraconidae
Taxa named by Charles Tate Regan
Marine fish genera