Pobedim ( hu, Pobedény) is a

village A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town (although the word is often used to describe both hamlets and smaller towns), with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to ...

and

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...

Nové Mesto nad Váhom District Nové Mesto nad Váhom District ( sk, okres Nové Mesto nad Váhom, hu, Vágújhelyi járás) is a district in the Trenčín Region of western Slovakia Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, ...

in the

Trenčín Region The Trenčín Region ( sk, Trenčiansky kraj, ; cs, Trenčínský kraj; hu, Trencséni kerület) is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions. It consists of 9 districts ('' okresy''). The region was established in 1996: previously it had ...

of western

Slovakia Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the s ...

. A Slavic hill fort from the pre-

Great Moravia Great Moravia ( la, Regnum Marahensium; el, Μεγάλη Μοραβία, ''Meghálī Moravía''; cz, Velká Morava ; sk, Veľká Morava ; pl, Wielkie Morawy), or simply Moravia, was the first major state that was predominantly West Slavs, Wes ...

n period has been uncovered in the locality Hradištia. The hill fort belongs to Early Medieval sites with the highest number of artifacts found in Slovakia.

Geography

The

lies at an

altitude Altitude or height (also sometimes known as depth) is a distance measurement, usually in the vertical or "up" direction, between a reference datum and a point or object. The exact definition and reference datum varies according to the context ...

of 169 metres and covers an

area Area is the quantity that expresses the extent of a region on the plane or on a curved surface. The area of a plane region or ''plane area'' refers to the area of a shape A shape or figure is a graphics, graphical representation of an obje ...

of 8.609 km². It has a

population Population typically refers to the number of people in a single area, whether it be a city or town, region, country, continent, or the world. Governments typically quantify the size of the resident population within their jurisdiction using a ...

of about 1,218 people.

History

The village was first mentioned in 1392, but the area was occasionally inhabited from the Late

Stone Age The Stone Age was a broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make tools with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface. The period lasted for roughly 3.4 million years, and ended between 4,000 BC and 2,000 BC, with t ...

. The settlement is documented also from the Early

Bronze Age The Bronze Age is a historic period, lasting approximately from 3300 BC to 1200 BC, characterized by the use of bronze, the presence of writing in some areas, and other early features of urban civilization. The Bronze Age is the second pri ...

and especially in the Late

. The people of

Lusatian culture The Lusatian culture existed in the later Bronze Age and early Iron Age (1700 BC – 500 BC) in most of what is now Poland and parts of the Czech Republic, Slovakia, eastern Germany and western Ukraine. It covers the Periods Montelius III (earl ...

built their settlement in the local swamps and left numerous artifacts (cultic artifacts, metallurgical tools, fragments of bronze, ceramics, etc.). The area was then settled by the

Celts The Celts (, see pronunciation for different usages) or Celtic peoples () are. "CELTS location: Greater Europe time period: Second millennium B.C.E. to present ancestry: Celtic a collection of Indo-European peoples. "The Celts, an ancien ...

. In the Roman period, it was more or less uninhabited and only one finding is known from the Migration period. The locality had been intensively colonized by the Slavs at the end of the 5th and in the 6th century (localities Horné Pole and Dolné Pole). The Slavic hill fort was built at the end of the 8th century and was destroyed for the first time at the end of the first third the 9th century. The destruction of the hill fort is usually associated with the unification of the

Principality of Nitra The Principality of Nitra ( sk, Nitrianske kniežatstvo, Nitriansko, Nitrava, lit=Duchy of Nitra, Nitravia, Nitrava; hu, Nyitrai Fejedelemség), also known as the Duchy of Nitra, was a West Slavic polity encompassing a group of settlements th ...

and the Principality of Moravia (the attack of Mojmír's army or Pribina's attack preceding his expulsion, depending on principality to which is Pobedim attributed; neither destruction during other internal conflict related to integration processes of the Slavs cannot be excluded). Radiocarbon dating indices that construction activities were realized also in the turnover of the 9th/10th century. The hill fort consists of two parts, probably not built at once. The whole hill fort was protected by 3 meters high wall with a palisade on top and external ditch. An archeological research uncovered 114 graves from the Early Middle Ages, residential buildings, outbuildings, workshops and in particular, one of the largest collection of ceramics from the 9th century in Slovakia. Twenty large metal depots contained hundreds of old Slavic

hrivna The or ( ; uk, гривня , : ''hrn''; sign: ₴; code: UAH) has been the national currency of Ukraine since 2 September 1996. The hryvnia is divided into 100 . It is named after a measure of weight used in medieval Kievan Rus'. Name Etym ...

s (semifinished iron products), tools, stirrups, keys and further artifacts. Weapons except axes are nearly missing what led to a hypothesis that the depots were hidden before an external attack and weapons were left for defense. Nowadays, the area of the hill fort is a part of an agricultural field. The findings can be seen in the local museum in Pobedim.

References

Sources

External links

*http://www.e-obce.sk/obec/pobedim/pobedim.html *http://www.pobedim.sk - official site of Pobedim Villages and municipalities in Nové Mesto nad Váhom District Great Moravia {{Trenčín-geo-stub