''Pneuma'' is an album by American violinist and composer Michael White featuring performances recorded in 1972 and released on the

Impulse! Impulse! Records (occasionally styled as "¡mpulse! Records" and "¡!") is an American jazz record company and label established by Creed Taylor in 1960. John Coltrane was among Impulse!'s earliest signings. Thanks to consistent sales and positiv ...

label.Impulse! Records discography
accessed May 2, 2012

Reception

Allmusic AllMusic (previously known as All Music Guide and AMG) is an American online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on musicians and bands. Initiated in 1991, the databas ...

reviewer Mark Allan states, "This ground-breaking jazz violinist demands much from his listeners".Allan, M
Allmusic Review
accessed May 2, 2012

Track listing

:''All compositions by Michael White'' # "Pneuma (Part 1)" – 5:16 # "Pneuma (Part 2)" – 4:57 # "Pneuma (Part 3)" – 4:11 # "Pneuma (Part 4)" – 4:13 # "Pneuma (Part 5)" – 1:52 # "Ebony Plaza" – 9:18 # "Journey of the Black Star" – 2:53 # "The Blessing Song" – 6:25

Personnel

* Michael White – violin *Ed Kelly – piano *

Ray Drummond Ray Drummond (born November 23, 1946 in Brookline, Massachusetts) is an American jazz bassist and teacher. He also has an MBA from Stanford University, hence his linkage to the Stanford Jazz Workshop. He can be heard on hundreds of albums and co- ...

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bass Bass or Basses may refer to: Fish * Bass (fish), various saltwater and freshwater species Music * Bass (sound), describing low-frequency sound or one of several instruments in the bass range: ** Bass (instrument), including: ** Acoustic bass gui ...

*Kenneth Nash – percussion *Faye Kelly, Leola Sharp, D. Jean Skinner, Joyce Walker – vocals

References

{{Authority control Impulse! Records albums Michael White (violinist) albums 1972 albums