Plecia Nagatomii
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''Plecia'' is a genus of March flies ( Bibionidae) comprising many species, both
extant Extant is the opposite of the word extinct. It may refer to: * Extant hereditary titles * Extant literature, surviving literature, such as ''Beowulf'', the oldest extant manuscript written in English * Extant taxon, a taxon which is not extinct, ...
and fossilised.


Species


Extant species

*'' P. acutirostris'' *'' P. adiastola'' *'' P. affinidecora'' *'' P. americana'' *'' P. amplipennis'' *'' P. aruensis'' *'' P. angularis'' *'' P. avicephaliforma'' *'' P. bicuspidata'' *'' P. bifida'' *'' P. bifoliolata'' *'' P. bisulca'' *'' P. boliviana'' *'' P. chinensis'' *'' P. crenula'' *'' P. curtispina'' *'' P. cuspidata'' *'' P. digitiformis'' *'' P. dileracabilis'' *'' P. dimidiata'' *'' P. duplicis'' *'' P. edwardsi'' *'' P. emeiensis'' *'' P. erebea'' *'' P. erebeoidea'' *'' P. forcipiformis'' *'' P. fulvicollis'' *'' P. hadrosoma'' *'' P. hamata'' *'' P. impilosa'' *'' P. intricata'' *'' P. javensis'' *'' P. lateralis'' *'' P. lieftincki'' *'' P. longifolia'' *'' P. longiforceps'' *'' P. lopesi'' *'' P. mandibuliformis'' *'' P. membranifera'' *'' P. multilobata'' *'' P. nagatomii'' *'' P. nearctica'' – Lovebug *'' P. obtusicornis'' *'' P. obtusilobata'' *'' P. oculastra'' *'' P. okadai'' *'' P. ornaticornis'' *'' P. patula'' *'' P. pellucida'' *'' P. persimilis'' *'' P. plagiata'' *'' P. propeforcipata'' *'' P. propria'' *'' P. protea'' *'' P. pruinosa'' *'' P. pudica'' *'' P. punctulata'' *'' P. ramosa'' *'' P. rhinigera'' *'' P. rostellata'' *'' P. rufangularis'' *'' P. ruficollis'' – Harlequin fly *'' P. rufimarginata'' *'' P. rufiscutella'' *'' P. rugosa'' *'' P. serrifera'' *'' P. spilota'' *'' P. stricta'' *'' P. tephra'' *'' P. tetrascolata'' *'' P. thulinigra'' *'' P. trifida'' *'' P. triquetra'' *'' P. trunca'' *'' P. xyele''


Fossil species

Many fossil species have been assigned to ''Plecia'' with ages dating from the Cretaceous ( Campanian) through the early Pleistocene ( Gelasian):Fossilworks ''Plecia'' 12 July 2021
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Cretaceous

*†'' P. myersi'' (Campanian, Canadian Amber, MB)


Paleocene

*†'' P. undans'' ( Thanetian, ArdTun head, UK)


Eocene

;Ypresian, Allenby Formation, Canada *†'' P. angustipennis'' *†'' P. canadensis'' *†'' P. elatior'' *†'' P. minutula'' (Allenby Formation) *†'' P. nana'' (Allenby Formation) *†'' P. pictipennis'' (Allenby Formation) *†'' P. pulchra'' (Allenby Formation) *†'' P. pulla'' (Allenby Formation) *†'' P. similkameena'' (Allenby Formation) *†'' P. transitoria'' (Allenby Formation) *†'' P. tulameenensis'' (Allenby Formation) ;Ypresian, Driftwood shales, Canada *†'' P. cairnesi'' ;Ypresian,
Horsefly Shales Horse-flies or horseflies are true flies in the family Tabanidae in the insect order Diptera. They are often large and agile in flight, and only the female horseflies bite animals, including humans, to obtain blood. They prefer to fly in su ...
, Canada *†'' P. avus'' *†'' P. curtula'' *†'' P. dilatata'' *†'' P. platyptera'' (Horsefly Shales) *†'' P. reducta'' (Horsefly Shales) ;Ypresian, "Mission Creek site", Canada *†'' P. kelownaensis'' ;Ypresian, Oise amber, France *†'' P. parisiensis'' ;Ypresian, Green River Formation, USA *†'' P. akerionana'' *†'' P. dejecta'' *†'' P. pealei'' *†'' P. rhodopterina'' *†'' P. winchesteri'' *†'' P. woodruffi'' ;Priabonian, Baltic Amber *†'' P. borussica'' *†'' P. brunniptera'' *†'' P. clavifemur'' *†'' P. hoffeinsorum'' *†'' P. prisca'' *†'' P. tenuicornis'' ;Priabonian, France *†'' P. angustiventris'' ( Célas site, France) *†'' P. chapuisii'' *†'' P. dumasi'' *†'' P. foersteri'' ;Pribonian, United Kingdom *†'' P. acourti'' ( Bembridge Marls, UK) ;Priabonian, Florissant Formation, USA *†'' P. axeliana'' *†'' P. decapitata'' *†'' P. explanata'' *†'' P. gradata'' *†'' P. melanderi'' *†'' P. orycta'' *†'' P. tessella''


Oligocene The Oligocene ( ) is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present ( to ). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the ...

; Rupelian,
Brunstatt Brunstatt (; Alsatian: ''Brunscht'') is a former commune in the Haut-Rhin department in north-eastern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune Brunstatt-Didenheim Brunstatt-Didenheim is a commune in the Haut-Rhin depar ...
, France *†'' P. gracillima'' ;Rupelian, Corent, France *†'' P. joannis'' *†'' P. larteti'' *†'' P. longipennis'' *†'' P. pallida'' *†''
P. rubescens P. is an abbreviation or acronym that may refer to: * Page (paper), where the abbreviation comes from Latin ''pagina'' * Paris Herbarium, at the ''Muséum national d'histoire naturelle'' * ''Pani'' (Polish), translating as Mrs. * The ''Pacific Rep ...
'' *†'' P. sauvagei'' ;Rupelian, Calcaires de Vacheres Formation, France *†'' P. assonensis'' *†'' P. larguensis'' *†'' P. maimensis'' ;Rupelian, Chadrat, France *†'' P. oustaleti'' ;
Chattian The Chattian is, in the geologic timescale, the younger of two ages or upper of two stages of the Oligocene Epoch/Series. It spans the time between . The Chattian is preceded by the Rupelian and is followed by the Aquitanian (the lowest stage ...
, Niveau du gypse d'Aix, France *†'' P. livida'' *†'' P. painvini'' *†'' P. retracta'' *†'' P. rhenana'' ;
Chattian The Chattian is, in the geologic timescale, the younger of two ages or upper of two stages of the Oligocene Epoch/Series. It spans the time between . The Chattian is preceded by the Rupelian and is followed by the Aquitanian (the lowest stage ...
, Camoins-les-Bains, France *†'' P. theobaldi'' ;
Chattian The Chattian is, in the geologic timescale, the younger of two ages or upper of two stages of the Oligocene Epoch/Series. It spans the time between . The Chattian is preceded by the Rupelian and is followed by the Aquitanian (the lowest stage ...
, Rott Formation, Germany *†'' P. collossea'' *†'' P. conica'' *†'' P. dubia'' *†'' P. exigua'' *†'' P. gracilenta'' *†'' P. grossa'' *†'' P. hypogaea'' *†'' P. inflata'' *†'' P. luctuosa'' *†'' P. luteola'' *†'' P. lygaeoides'' *†'' P. macrocephala'' *†'' P. morio'' *†'' P. pennata'' *†'' P. pinguis'' *†'' P. proserpina'' *†'' P. rhenana'' *†'' P. sturmi'' *†'' P. stygia'' *†'' P. winnertzi''


Miocene

; Aquitanian, Mexican amber, Mexico *†'' P. pristina'' ; Burdigalian, Shanwang Formation. China *†'' P. aculeolata'' *†'' P. bivalvula'' *†'' P. capitata'' *†'' P. diatoma'' *†'' P. fumosa'' *†'' P. gracilentula'' *†'' P. ludongensis'' *†'' P. platoptera'' *†'' P. rectivenia'' *†'' P. solaris'' *†'' P. spinula'' *†'' P. villosa'' *†'' P. vulcania'' ;Burdigalian, Kudia River site, Russia *†'' P. amagua'' *†'' P. obsitula'' *†'' P. kuznetzovi'' *†'' P. kudiella'' *†'' P. redempta'' *†'' P. refracta'' ;Burdigalian - Langhian,
Cypris Formation Aphrodite ( ; grc-gre, Ἀφροδίτη, Aphrodítē; , , ) is an ancient Greek goddess associated with love, lust, beauty, pleasure, passion, and procreation. She was syncretized with the Roman goddess . Aphrodite's major symbols include ...
, Czech Republic *†'' P. quaesita'' ;Langhian, Chojabaru Formation, Japan *†'' P. kanetakii'' ; Serravallian, Radoboj Formation, Croatia *†'' P. bucklandi'' ; Serravallian, Oehningen beds Member ( Upper Freshwater-Molasse), Germany *†'' P. hilaris'' *†'' P. jucunda'' *†'' P. macilenta'' ;
Messinian The Messinian is in the geologic timescale the last age or uppermost stage of the Miocene. It spans the time between 7.246 ± 0.005 Ma and 5.333 ± 0.005 Ma (million years ago). It follows the Tortonian and is followed by the Zanclean, the first ...
,
Monte Castellaro Monte may refer to: Places Argentina * Argentine Monte, an ecoregion * Monte Desert * Monte Partido, a ''partido'' in Buenos Aires Province Italy * Monte Bregagno * Monte Cassino * Montecorvino (disambiguation) * Montefalcione Portugal * Mont ...
, Italy *†'' P. baglii'' *†'' P. castellaroi'' *†'' P. pisaurensis''


Pliocene

;
Piacenzian The Piacenzian is in the international geologic time scale the upper stage (stratigraphy), stage or latest age (geology), age of the Pliocene. It spans the time between 3.6 ± 0.005 year#SI prefix multipliers, Ma and 2.588 ± 0.005 Ma (million yea ...
,
Togo Formation Togo (), officially the Togolese Republic (french: République togolaise), is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Ghana to the west, Benin to the east and Burkina Faso to the north. It extends south to the Gulf of Guinea, where its c ...
, Japan *†'' P. intima''


Pleistocene

;Gelasian, Lac Chambon, France *†'' P. brunneipennis'' *†'' P. vergnei'' Revision of the Bibionidae fossil record from the Oligocene of Germany by Skartveit and Wedmann (2021) included the redescription of a number of ''Plecia'' species. *''
Hesperinus heeri ''Hesperinus'' is a genus of flies and the sole genus in the relict family Hesperinidae belonging to the nematoceran infraorder Bibionomorpha. There are about 8 known species, nearly all from the Palaearctic region with one each from the Nearcti ...
'' (formerly ''Plecia heeri'' and syn ''P. elegantula'' )


References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q11995850 Bibionidae Nematocera genera Taxa named by Christian Rudolph Wilhelm Wiedemann