Pişmaniye
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''Pişmaniye'' is a Turkish confection made by blending flour roasted in butter into pulled-sugar and then forming it into fine strands. It is sometimes garnished with ground
pistachio The pistachio (, ; ''Pistacia vera'') is a small to medium-sized tree of the Anacardiaceae, cashew family, originating in Iran. The tree produces nut (fruit)#Culinary definition and uses, seeds that are widely consumed as food. In 2022, world ...
nuts. Although it is sometimes compared to
cotton candy Cotton candy, also known as candy floss (candyfloss) and fairy floss, is a spun sugar confection that resembles cotton. It is made by heating and liquefying sugar, and spinning it centrifugally through minute holes, causing it to rapidly cool ...
, both the ingredients and method of preparation are significantly different. Until recently pişmaniye used to be made at home in most regions of
Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...
, but this tradition is now rapidly disappearing. Today the manufacturing process is partially mechanised.


Alternative names

There are many different Turkish names, used in different provinces, the most common being ''tel helva, çekme helva, tel tel, tepme helva'' and ''keten helva''.


Origin and etymology

The earliest Turkish reference to pişmaniye is a recipe by Şirvani, a physician writing during the 1430s. The Persian form ''pashmak'', related to and , the origin of the Turkish name ''pişmaniye'', occurs in the poetry of the Iranian poet Ebu Ishak, also known as Bushak (d. 1423 or 1427). "Pashm" in Persian means wool, and "Pashmak" means wool-like. Another theory is that it may be of a Coptic origin from "ⲡⲏⲥ: pis", which means "to mix flour with fat", and "ⲛⲏⲓⲛⲓ: nani or mani", Moawad Dawood Coptic dictionary , P:206a which means "honey". This candy is found in Egypt, where it is known as "halawat sha'ar حلاوة شعر", which means "hair candy".


See also

*
Sutarfeni Sutarfeni (સુતરફેણી) is a Gujarati and Rajasthani sweet, made with shredded, all-purpose flour roasted in ghee (clarified butter), blended with melted sugar, and topped with finely chopped pistachios and almonds. The product is ...
*
Soan papdi Soan papdi is a popular dessert in the Indian subcontinent. It is made of gram flour (besan), all-purpose flour, ghee, sugar and milk. It is usually cube-shaped or served as flakes, and has a crisp and flaky texture. Traditionally sold loose in r ...
, a similar Indian sweet * Pashmak *
Dragon's beard candy Dragon's beard candy ( zh, t=龍鬚糖, s=龙须糖, p=lóng xū táng, first=t) or Chinese cotton candy or Longxusu ( zh, t=龍鬚酥, s=龙须酥, p=lóng xū sū) is a handmade traditional Chinese confectionary similar to floss halva or Weste ...


References


External links


Video of traditional hand-made technique
filmed in a bazaar
Demonstration of modern mechanized equipment
in the making of pişmaniye {{DEFAULTSORT:Pismaniye Sugar confectionery Halva