180px, Ramón Freire, hero of the Chilean War of Independence and head of state between 1823 and 1826 and again in 1827, was an icon of the Pipiolo movement ''Pipiolos'' (spanish language, Spanish for a young or naive person) was a name used to refer to Chilean aristocracy, upper class Liberalism, liberals in the early 19th century. The name "''pipiolo''" was originally used by the conservative ''

Pelucones image:MEgaña.jpg, 180px, Mariano Egaña, was a notable Pelucón; politically he felt affinity to constitutional monarchy as a form of government. Pelucones (spanish language, Spanish for bigwigs) was the name used to refer to Chilean aristocrac ...

'' in a derogatory manner by associating the liberals to inexperience. In the

Chilean Civil War of 1829 Chilean may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Chile, a country in South America * Chilean people * Chilean Spanish * Chilean culture * Chilean cuisine * Chilean Americans See also *List of Chileans This is a list of Chileans who ar ...

the ''Pipiolos'', led by

Ramón Freire Ramón Freire Serrano (; November 29, 1787 – December 9, 1851) was a Chilean political figure. He was head of state on several occasions, and enjoyed a numerous following until the War of the Confederation. Ramón Freire was one of the pr ...

, were defeated and the ''Pelucones'' could triumphantly enforce the

Chilean Constitution of 1833 The Constitution of 1833 was the constitution used in Chile from 1833 to 1925 when it was replaced by the Constitution of 1925. One of the most long-lived constitutions of Latin America, it was used to endorse both an authoritarian, presidential ...

, which led to creation of a strong unitarian and

authoritarian Authoritarianism is a political system characterized by the rejection of political plurality, the use of strong central power to preserve the political ''status quo'', and reductions in the rule of law, separation of powers, and democratic votin ...

presidentialist A presidential system, or single executive system, is a form of government in which a head of government, typically with the title of President (government title), president, leads an Executive (government), executive branch that is separate from ...

system held up by upper-class democracy. During the

Revolution of 1851 The Revolution of 1851 (or Civil War of 1851) was an attempt by Chilean liberals to overthrow the conservative government of president Manuel Montt and repeal the Chilean Constitution of 1833. After various battles and sieges, by late December 18 ...

, the ''Pipiolos'' made a failed attempt to seize power from conservatives. With the

Liberal–Conservative Fusion The Liberal–Conservative Fusion () was a political alliance between Chilean liberal (''Pipiolos'') and conservative (''Pelucones'') political movements that existed from 1858 to 1873. The two groups were united in their opposition to the poli ...

in 1858, the term "''Pipiolo''" fell into disuse.

Historical leaders

Francisco Antonio Pinto Francisco Antonio Pinto y Díaz de la Puente (; July 23, 1785 – July 18, 1858) was a Chilean politician who served as President of Chile between 1827 and 1829. Early life He was born in Santiago, the son of Joaquín Pinto and Mercedes D ...

Jorge Beauchef Jorge Beauchef (1787 in Velay, France - June 10, 1840 in Santiago, Chile) was a French military who participated in the Napoleonic Wars. He is best known in Latin America for his participation in the Chilean War of Independence, where he won man ...

Francisco de la Lastra General Francisco de la Lastra y de la Sotta (; October 4, 1777 – May 13, 1852) was a Chilean military officer and the first Supreme Director of Chile (1814). Biography He was born in Santiago de Chile, the son of Antonio de la Lastra Cor ...

José Manuel Borgoño José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced differently in each language: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ). In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , is an old vernacul ...

Guillermo Tupper Guillermo () is the Spanish form of the male given name William. The name is also commonly shortened to 'Guille' or, in Latin America, to nickname 'Memo'. People *Guillermo Amor (born 1967), Spanish football manager and former player *Guillermo Ar� ...

José Rondizzoni Giuseppe Rondizzoni (14 March 1788 – 24 May 1866) was an Italian army officer who contributed to the independence of Chile. Early life and Napoleonic Wars He was born in Mezzano Superiore on 14 March 1788. Rondizzoni joined the French Imp ...

Enrique Castro Enrique Castro González (; 23 September 1949 – 27 February 2018), known as Quini , was a Spanish footballer who played as a striker. In a career totally connected with Sporting de Gijón and FC Barcelona, he was widely regarded as one of ...

Francisco Ramón Vicuña Francisco Ramón de Vicuña Larraín (; September 9, 1775 – January 13, 1849) was a Chilean political figure. He served twice as acting President of Chile in 1829. Francisco Vicuña was of Basque descent. Early life He was born in Santiag ...

Liberalism in Chile {{Chile-hist-stub