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''Pioneer'' was the first of three Lake Pontchartrain Basin Maritime Museum
/ref> in Madisonville, Louisiana.
''Pioneer'' was the first of three submarine
A submarine (or sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater. It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability. The term is also sometimes used historically or colloquially to refer to remotely op ...
s privately developed and paid for by Horace Lawson Hunley
Horace Lawson Hunley (December 29, 1823 – October 15, 1863) was a Confederate States of America, Confederate Marine engineering, marine engineer during the American Civil War. He developed early hand-powered submarines, the most famous of which ...
, James McClintock, and Baxter Watson.
While the United States Navy
The United States Navy (USN) is the maritime service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. It is the largest and most powerful navy in the world, with the estimated tonnage ...
was constructing its first submarine, USS ''Alligator'', during the American Civil War
The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states th ...
in late 1861, the Confederates were doing so as well. Hunley, McClintock and Watson built ''Pioneer'' in New Orleans
New Orleans ( , ,New Orleans
Merriam-Webster. ; french: La Nouvelle-Orléans , es, Nuev ...
, Merriam-Webster. ; french: La Nouvelle-Orléans , es, Nuev ...
Louisiana
Louisiana , group=pronunciation (French: ''La Louisiane'') is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It is the 20th-smallest by area and the 25th most populous of the 50 U.S. states. Louisiana is borde ...
. ''Pioneer'' was tested in February 1862 in the Mississippi River
The Mississippi River is the second-longest river and chief river of the second-largest drainage system in North America, second only to the Hudson Bay drainage system. From its traditional source of Lake Itasca in northern Minnesota, it f ...
, and later was towed to Lake Pontchartrain
Lake Pontchartrain ( ) is an estuary located in southeastern Louisiana in the United States. It covers an area of with an average depth of . Some shipping channels are kept deeper through dredging. It is roughly oval in shape, about from west ...
for additional trials
In law, a trial is a coming together of parties to a dispute, to present information (in the form of evidence) in a tribunal, a formal setting with the authority to adjudicate claims or disputes. One form of tribunal is a court. The tribun ...
, but the Union
Union commonly refers to:
* Trade union, an organization of workers
* Union (set theory), in mathematics, a fundamental operation on sets
Union may also refer to:
Arts and entertainment
Music
* Union (band), an American rock group
** ''Un ...
advance towards New Orleans the following month prompted the men to abandon development and scuttle ''Pioneer'' in the New Basin Canal
The New Basin Canal, also known as the New Canal and the New Orleans Canal, was a shipping canal in New Orleans, Louisiana, operating from 1830s into the 1940s.
History
The New Basin Canal was constructed by the New Orleans Canal and Banking Comp ...
on 25 April 1862. The team followed with , built after they relocated to Mobile
Mobile may refer to:
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* Mobile, Alabama, a U.S. port city
* Mobile County, Alabama
* Mobile, Arizona, a small town near Phoenix, U.S.
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Arts, entertainment, and media Music Groups and labels
* Mobile ( ...
, Alabama
(We dare defend our rights)
, anthem = "Alabama (state song), Alabama"
, image_map = Alabama in United States.svg
, seat = Montgomery, Alabama, Montgomery
, LargestCity = Huntsville, Alabama, Huntsville
, LargestCounty = Baldwin County, Al ...
.
The scuttled ''Pioneer'' was raised and examined by Union troops. ''The Times-Picayune
''The Times-Picayune/The New Orleans Advocate'' is an American newspaper published in New Orleans, Louisiana, since January 25, 1837. The current publication is the result of the 2019 acquisition of ''The Times-Picayune'' (itself a result of th ...
'' of New Orleans of 15 February 1868 reported ''Pioneer'' had been sold for scrap
Scrap consists of Recycling, recyclable materials, usually metals, left over from product manufacturing and consumption, such as parts of vehicles, building supplies, and surplus materials. Unlike waste, scrap Waste valorization, has monetary ...
.
The Bayou St. John submarine
The Bayou St. John Confederate Submarine is an early military submarine built for use by the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War.
Description
The submarine is constructed of riveted iron, long, wide and deep, with a ha ...
, now in the collection of the Louisiana State Museum
The Louisiana State Museum (LSM), founded in New Orleans in 1906, is a statewide system of National Historic Landmarks and modern structures across Louisiana, housing thousands of artifacts and works of art reflecting Louisiana's legacy of historic ...
, was for decades misidentified as ''Pioneer''. The Bayou St. John submarine and ''Pioneer'' may have undergone trials at about the same time and confusion between the two may date back to contemporary accounts; it is not clear which of the two was constructed first.
A life-size model of ''Pioneer'' can be viewed and explored at Maritime Museum Louisiana,/ref> in Madisonville, Louisiana.
References
Submarines of the Confederate States Navy Louisiana in the American Civil War Pioneer (sub) Hand-cranked submarines Scuttled vessels Shipwrecks of the American Civil War Shipwrecks of the Mississippi River Maritime incidents in April 1862 1862 ships {{AmericanCivilWar-stub