Pilisszentkereszt ( sk, Mlynky) is a village in
Pest County,
Budapest metropolitan area
The Budapest metropolitan area ( hu, budapesti agglomeráció) is a statistical area that describes the reach of commuter movement to and from Budapest and its surrounding suburbs. Created by Hungary's national statistical office HCSO to describe ...
,
Hungary
Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia a ...
, some 20 km from
Budapest
Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...
in the
Pilis Mountains
Pilis Mountains is a mountainous region in the Transdanubian Mountains. Its highest peak is ''Pilis-tető'' at . It is a popular hiking destination in Hungary.
It is the direct southern neighbour of the Visegrád Mountains which are based on vo ...
. ''Pilis Szent-Kereszt'' means "St. Cross in
Pilis
Pilis () is a town in Pest County, Hungary.
History
The town was inhabited in prehistoric times, but was abandoned at the end of the Roman rule. Pilis was then first mentioned in 1326. It was destroyed during the Ottoman rule in the 16th cen ...
".
History
The territory of Pilisszentkereszt and the surrounding lands were inhabited in the
prehistoric
Prehistory, also known as pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the use of the first stone tools by hominins 3.3 million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use of ...
times, living in the nearby caves, but later they left the area. During the
Roman times
In modern historiography, ancient Rome refers to Roman civilisation from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BC ...
logging was common in the nearby woods.
The village was established by Hungarians in the 12th century around a
Cistercian
The Cistercians, () officially the Order of Cistercians ( la, (Sacer) Ordo Cisterciensis, abbreviated as OCist or SOCist), are a Catholic religious order of monks and nuns that branched off from the Benedictines and follow the Rule of Saint ...
abbey
An abbey is a type of monastery used by members of a religious order under the governance of an abbot or abbess. Abbeys provide a complex of buildings and land for religious activities, work, and housing of Christian monks and nuns.
The conce ...
, which itself was established at May 27, 1184. The abbey, as well as the village was destroyed during the
Turkish occupation of the region, in an attack at September 7, 1526. Some Benedictines may have lived here after the attack, until about 1541, when they finally left the uttering Turkish rule. After the reconquista of
Ottoman Hungary
Ottoman Hungary ( hu, Török hódoltság) was the southern and central parts of what had been the Kingdom of Hungary in the late medieval period, which were conquered and ruled by the Ottoman Empire from 1541 to 1699. The Ottoman rule covered ...
, in 1747, a group of Slovak migrants arrived at the scene to reestablish it, from neighbouring
Pilisszántó
Pilisszántó ( sk, Santov) is a village in Pest County, Budapest metropolitan area, Hungary
Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by ...
. Later more Slovaks arrived from all around the
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen ...
, but many left in 1782. To fill the gaps, some
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
**Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ger ...
(mainly
Swabia
Swabia ; german: Schwaben , colloquially ''Schwabenland'' or ''Ländle''; archaic English also Suabia or Svebia is a cultural, historic and linguistic region in southwestern Germany.
The name is ultimately derived from the medieval Duchy of ...
n) settlers arrived in 1785.
In the 2001 census, 54.6% of the total population (or approximately 1,170 people) declared themselves ethnic
Slovaks
The Slovaks ( sk, Slováci, singular: ''Slovák'', feminine: ''Slovenka'', plural: ''Slovenky'') are a West Slavic ethnic group and nation native to Slovakia who share a common ancestry, culture, history and speak Slovak.
In Slovakia, 4.4 mi ...
, making the village the only settlement in Hungary where ethnic Slovaks are forming a majority.
Famous people
Queen
Gertrude of Merania
Gertrude of Merania ( 1185 – 28 September 1213) was Queen of Hungary as the first wife of Andrew II from 1205 until her assassination. She was regent during her husband's absence.
Life
She was the daughter of the Bavarian Count Berthold IV ...
(d. 1213) is buried in the graveyard of
Pilisszentkereszt Abbey
Pilisszentkereszt ( sk, Mlynky) is a village in Pest County, Budapest metropolitan area, Hungary, some 20 km from Budapest in the Pilis Mountains. ''Pilis Szent-Kereszt'' means "St. Cross in Pilis".
History
The territory of Pilisszentke ...
after her
assassination
Assassination is the murder of a prominent or important person, such as a head of state, head of government, politician, world leader, member of a royal family or CEO. The murder of a celebrity, activist, or artist, though they may not have ...
.
References
Third Reich’s last offensive was a bid to keep Hungarian oil in its handsat ''Budapest Times''
External links
Official website(in Hungarian)
{{authority control
Populated places in Pest County
1184 establishments in Europe
Slovak communities in Hungary