Pierre Dionis (1643 in
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
– 11 December 1718 in Paris) was a French surgeon and anatomist, First surgeon of the ''
Enfants de France''.
Biography
Pierre Dionis was trained at the in Paris where he obtained the rank of master surgeon. He was influenced by the work of
Guichard Joseph Duverney
Joseph Guichard Duverney or Joseph-Guichard Du Verney (5 August 1648 – 10 September 1730) was a French anatomist known for his work in comparative anatomy and for his treatise on the ear. The fracture of the iliac wing of the pelvis is some ...
(1648-1730).
In 1669, Dionis was surgeon of the King and of the Queen
Maria Theresa
Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina (german: Maria Theresia; 13 May 1717 – 29 November 1780) was ruler of the Habsburg dominions from 1740 until her death in 1780, and the only woman to hold the position ''suo jure'' (in her own right). ...
.
[Physician per quarter: a physician who serves with a sovereign per quarter year.]
On 31 July 1671, the King Louis XIV appointed
François Cureau de La Chambre as a
[Demonstrator operator of the interior of plants: the composition of the medicines was associated with the "interior of the plants".] of the Botanical Garden ''(
Jardin des Plantes)''. Too busy with his duties, François Cureau de La Chambre appointed
Pierre Cressé
Pierre Cressé (1632 - 1714) was a 17th-century French physician during the reign of Louis XIV.
Biography
He was related to Molière's mother, Marie Cressé (1601-1632).
In 1657 he defended a thesis on the mineral waters of Passy and of Forges-le ...
, to read the lectures, while Pierre Dionis performed the actual dissections.
He was appointed surgeon by Louis XIV in 1672 to teach at the “anatomy according to the circulation of the blood”, while the Faculty of Medicine in Paris contested
William Harvey
William Harvey (1 April 1578 – 3 June 1657) was an English physician who made influential contributions in anatomy and physiology. He was the first known physician to describe completely, and in detail, the systemic circulation and proper ...
's discovery of blood circulation. Louis XIV had sided with the Moderns of the Garden against the Ancients of the Faculty.
In 1688, he was first surgeon to
Madame la Dauphine, then in 1709, first surgeon to
Duchess of Burgundy
This article lists queens, countesses, and duchesses consort of the Kingdom, County, Duchy of Burgundy.
Queen consort of Burgundy Queen consort of the Burgundians (till 534)
Frankish Burgundy (534–855) Merovingian dynasty (534–751)
...
.
His work, "L'anatomie de l'homme suivant la circulation du sang et les dernières découvertes" (The anatomy of man according to the circulation of the blood and the latest discoveries), 1690, was a prodigious success and was even translated into Tartar.
Works
* — Translated into several languages including Latin and the “Tartar language of Mantcheou, or Eastern Tartar, by order of the Emperor of China”. English translation: 1716
*
* . English translation: 1719
* . Translated into English in 1710 and into German in 1712. The first edition is from 1707.
Notes
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dionis, Pierre
17th-century French physicians
1643 births
1718 deaths
French surgeons