This family represents the
Picornavirus internal ribosome entry site (IRES) element present in their 5' untranslated region. These elements were discovered in picornaviruses.
They are cis-acting RNA sequences that adopt diverse three-dimensional structures, recruit the translation machinery and that often operate in association with specific RNA-binding proteins.
IRES elements allow cap and end-independent
translation of
mRNA in the host cell. It has been found that La autoantigen (La) is required for
Coxsackievirus
Coxsackieviruses are a few related enteroviruses that belong to the ''Picornaviridae'' family of viral envelope, nonenveloped, linear, positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, as well as its genus ''Enterovirus'', which also includes poliovi ...
B3 (CVB3) IRES-mediated translation, and it has been suggested that La may be required for the efficient translation of the viral
RNA
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes. RNA and deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) are nucleic acids. Along with lipids, proteins, and carbohydra ...
in the
pancreas.
Based on their secondary structure, picornavirus IRES are grouped into four main types. Type I comprises enteroand rhinovirus IRES and type II, those of cardio- and aphthovirus, among others. Type III is used to name hepatitis A IRES.
References
External links
* http://rfam.xfam.org/family/RF00229 Picornavirus internal ribosome entry site (IRES)
*
Cis-regulatory RNA elements
Internal ribosome entry site
Picornaviridae
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