''Phyteuma'' is a genus of

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s in the family Campanulaceae, native to

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...

and

Morocco Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to ...

.Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
/ref>Altervista Flora Italiana, genere ''Phyteuma''
/ref> The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''

Campanula rapunculus ''Campanula rapunculus'', common name rampion bellflower, rampion, rover bellflower, or rapunzel, is a species of bellflower (''Campanula'') in the family Campanulaceae. This species was once widely grown in Europe for its leaves, which were us ...

''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of the fairy tale Rapunzel. In the version collected by the

Brothers Grimm The Brothers Grimm ( or ), Jacob (1785–1863) and Wilhelm (1786–1859), were a brother duo of German academics, philologists, cultural researchers, lexicographers, and authors who together collected and published folklore. They are among the ...

, it is said that "rapunzel" is the name given to a local variety of rampion. The species are

herbaceous Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground. This broad category of plants includes many perennials, and nearly all annuals and biennials. Definitions of "herb" and "herbaceous" The fourth edition of t ...

perennial A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years. The term ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the years") is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. The term is also wide ...

plants, growing to 5–90 cm tall. The

leaves A leaf (plural, : leaves) is any of the principal appendages of a vascular plant plant stem, stem, usually borne laterally aboveground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", wh ...

are alternate,

petiolate Petiole may refer to: *Petiole (botany), the stalk of a leaf, attaching the blade to the stem *Petiole (insect anatomy) In entomology, petiole is the technical term for the narrow waist of some hymenopteran insects, especially ants, bees, a ...

, and vary in shape on a single plant, with larger, broader leaves at the base of the stem and smaller, narrower leaves higher up; the leaf margin is serrated. The flowers are produced in dense erect

panicle A panicle is a much-branched inflorescence. (softcover ). Some authors distinguish it from a compound spike inflorescence, by requiring that the flowers (and fruit) be pedicellate (having a single stem per flower). The branches of a panicle are of ...

s, each flower with a narrow, deeply five-lobed

corolla Corolla may refer to: *Corolla (botany), the petals of a flower, considered as a unit *Toyota Corolla, an automobile model name * Corolla (headgear), an ancient headdress in the form of a circlet or crown * ''Corolla'' (gastropod), a genus of moll ...

, 1–2 cm or more long), mostly purple, sometimes pale blue, white or pink. The

fruit In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants that is formed from the ovary after flowering. Fruits are the means by which flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) disseminate their seeds. Edible fruits in particu ...

is a capsule containing numerous small

seed A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering, along with a food reserve. The formation of the seed is a part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, including the gymnosperm and angiospe ...

Species

*''

Phyteuma × adulterinum ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' - Germany, Czech Republic (P. nigrum × P. spicatum) *'' Phyteuma betonicifolium'' - Alps *'' Phyteuma charmelii'' - Morocco, Spain, France, Italy *'' Phyteuma confusum'' - Austria, Balkans *'' Phyteuma cordatum'' - French and Italian Alps *'' Phyteuma gallicum'' - France *'' Phyteuma globulariifolium'' - Pyrenees, Alps *'' Phyteuma hedraianthifolium '' Switzerland, northern Italy *'' Phyteuma hemisphaericum'' - Spain, France, Switzerland, Germany, Austria *'' Phyteuma humile'' - France, Italy *'' Phyteuma × huteri'' Murr - Austrian Alps (P. betonicifolium × P. ovatum) *'' Phyteuma michelii'' - France, Italy *'' Phyteuma nigrum'' - Black rampion - France, Belgium, Germany, Czech Republic, Austria *''

Phyteuma × obornyanum ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' - Austrian Alps (P. confusum × P. globulariifolium) *''

Phyteuma orbiculare Phyteuma orbiculare, common name round-headed rampion or Pride of Sussex, is a herbaceous perennial plant of the genus ''Phyteuma'' belonging to the family Campanulaceae. Description ''Phyteuma orbiculare'' reaches on average of height. A deep ...

'' - Round-headed rampion - most of Europe except Ireland, Scandinavia, Greece, Bulgaria *'' Phyteuma × orbiculariforme'' - Czech Republic (P. nigrum × P. orbiculare) *'' Phyteuma ovatum'' - Pyrenees, Alps *'' Phyteuma persicifolium'' - Slovenia, Austria, Trentino-Alto Adige, Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Giulia *''

Phyteuma × pyrenaeum ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' Sennen - French Pyrenees (P. ovatum × P. spicatum) *''

Phyteuma rupicola ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' - French Pyrenees *'' Phyteuma scheuchzeri'' - Alps; naturalised in Great Britain *''

Phyteuma scorzonerifolium ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' Vill. - Alps *''

Phyteuma serratum ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' Viv. - Corsica *''

Phyteuma sieberi ''Phyteuma sieberi'', the horned rampion, is a species of herbaceous perennial plant in the family Campanulaceae. It is native to the South-eastern Alps, where it grows on limestone slopes. It was named after Franz Sieber, a 19th-century Bohemian ...

'' - Alps *''

Phyteuma spicatum ''Phyteuma spicatum'', the spiked rampion, is a herbaceous perennial plant in the family Campanulaceae. It is common across much of Europe. Its common names include ''raiponce en épi'' (French), ''Ährige Teufelskralle'' (German), ''Ährige Rap ...

'' - Spiked rampion - most of Europe *''

Phyteuma tetramerum ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

'' - Carpathians of Romania and Ukraine *'' Phyteuma vagneri'' - Carpathians of Romania and Ukraine *''

Phyteuma zahlbruckneri ''Phyteuma'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco. The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant ''Campanula rapunculus''. Rampion features prominently in some versions of t ...

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q53468 Campanuloideae Campanulaceae genera