Phreatia Tafana

''Phreatia'', commonly known as lace orchids, is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae, native to regions bordering the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Plants in this genus are epiphytes, sometimes with pseudobulbs, in which case there are usually one or two leaves. Others lack pseudobulbs but have up to twelve leaves. A large number of small white or greenish flowers are borne on a flowering stem emerging from a leaf axil or from the base of the pseudobulb when present but the flowers do not open widely. There are about 220 species, distributed from tropical and subtropical Asia to the Pacific.

Description

Orchids in the genus ''Phratia'' are epiphytic herbs similar to those in the genus ''Thelasis'' and sometimes have pseudobulbs with one or two leaves or otherwise lack pseudobulbs and have up to twelve leaves. A large number of small flowers are arranged on a flowering stem that emerges from the top of the pseudobulb when present or from a leaf axil. The flowers are resupinate, usually white or greenish and do not open widely. The sepals and petals are free from and similar to each other, but the petals are slightly smaller. The lateral sepals form a small ledge or "mentum" with the base of the column. There is sometimes a sac-like structure at the base of the Labellum (botany), labellum.

Taxonomy and naming

The genus ''Phreatia'' was first formally described in 1830 by John Lindley and the description was published in his book ''The Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants''. The name ''Phreatia'' is derived from the Ancient Greek word ''phreatos'' meaning "a well" or "reservoir".

Species list

The following is a list of ''Phreatia'' species accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as at January 2019:

* ''Phreatia acuminata'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia albiflora'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia albofarinosa'' Ormerod
* ''Phreatia alpina'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia altigena'' Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
* ''Phreatia amabilis'' P.Royen
* ''Phreatia amesii'' Kraenzl.
* ''Phreatia angustifolia'' Schltr.,
* ''Phreatia aristulifera'' Ames
* ''Phreatia asciiformis'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia beiningiana'' Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
* ''Phreatia bicallosa'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia bicostata'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia biechinata'' Ormerod
* ''Phreatia bigibbosa'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia bigibbula'' Kores
* ''Phreatia bismarckiensis'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia brachyphylla'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia brachyphyton'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia brachystachys'' Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
* ''Phreatia bracteata'' Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
* ''Phreatia brevicaulis'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia brevis'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia breviscapa'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia bulbophylloides'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia caespitosa'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia calcarata'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia canaliculata'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia carolinensis'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia caudata'' Schltr.
** ''Phreatia caudata'' var. ''caudata''
** ''Phreatia caudata'' var. ''tenuissima'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia caudiflora'' Gilli
* ''Phreatia caulescens'' Ames
* ''Phreatia chionantha'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia coelonychia'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia collina'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia concinna'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia constricta'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia crassifolia'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia crassiuscula'' Nicholls – green caterpillar orchid
* ''Phreatia crinonioides'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia cryptostigma'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia cucullata'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia curvata'' (Gilli) Ormerod
* ''Phreatia cylindrostachya'' Schltr.
** ''Phreatia cylindrostachya'' var. ''cylindrostachya''
** ''Phreatia cylindrostachya'' var. ''grandifolia'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia deltoides'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia dendrochiloides'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia dendrophylax'' (Rchb.f.) Kraenzl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.)
* ''Phreatia densiflora'' (Blume) Lindl.
** ''Phreatia densiflora'' var. ''densiflora''
** ''Phreatia densiflora'' var. ''vietnamensis'' Aver.
* ''Phreatia densispica'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia densissima'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia dischorensis'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia djamuensis'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia dulcis'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia elata'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia elegans'' Lindl.
* ''Phreatia elongata'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia epimonticola'' J.M.H.Shaw
* ''Phreatia falcata'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia finisterrae'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia flaccida'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia flavovirens'' Kores
* ''Phreatia formosana'' Rolfe ex Hemsl.
** ''Phreatia formosana'' var. ''continentalis'' Aver.
** ''Phreatia formosana'' var. ''formosana''
* ''Phreatia foveata'' Carr
* ''Phreatia ganggapensis'' P.Royen
* ''Phreatia gillespiei'' Kores
* ''Phreatia giluwensis'' Ormerod
* ''Phreatia gladiata'' (A.Rich.) Lindl.
* ''Phreatia goliathensis'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia goodspeediana'' A.D.Hawkes
* ''Phreatia govidjoae'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia gracilis'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia grandiflora'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia habbemae'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia hartleyi'' Ormerod
* ''Phreatia hollandiana'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia hypsorrhynchos'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia imitans'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia infundibuliformis'' Ames
* ''Phreatia iridifolia'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia jadunae'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia jayaweerae'' Ormerod
* ''Phreatia kaindiensis'' Ormerod
* ''Phreatia kanehirae'' Fukuy.
* ''Phreatia kaniensis'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia kempfii'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia kempteri'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia keysseri'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia klabatensis'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia klossii'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia koordersii'' Rolfe
* ''Phreatia kusaiensis'' Tuyama
* ''Phreatia ladronica'' Tuyama
* ''Phreatia lalana'' Ormerod
* ''Phreatia lasioglossa'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia latipetala'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia laxa'' Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
** ''Phreatia laxa'' var. ''laxa''
** ''Phreatia laxa'' var. ''perlaxa'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia laxiflora'' (Blume) Lindl.
* ''Phreatia leioglossa'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia leptophylla'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia leucostachya'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia limenophylax'' (Endl.) Rchb.f. – Norfolk Island caterpillar orchid
* ''Phreatia linearifolia'' Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
* ''Phreatia linearis'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia listeri'' Rolfe – Christmas Island caterpillar orchid
* ''Phreatia listrophora'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia longibractea'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia longibracteata'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia longicaulis'' Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
* ''Phreatia longimentum'' Gilli
* ''Phreatia loriae'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia louisiadum'' Kraenzl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.)
* ''Phreatia luzoniensis'' Rolfe ex Ames
* ''Phreatia macra'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia masarangica'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia matthewsii'' Rchb.f.
* ''Phreatia maxima'' Kraenzl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.)
* ''Phreatia mearnsii'' Ames
* ''Phreatia mentosa'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia micholitzii'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia micrantha'' (A.Rich.) Lindl. – native fan orchid
* ''Phreatia microphyton'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia microtatantha'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia millikenii'' Ormerod
* ''Phreatia minahassae'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia minima'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia minutiflora'' Lindl.
* ''Phreatia modesta'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia moluccana'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia montana'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia monticola'' Schltr.
** ''Phreatia monticola'' var. ''minor'' Schltr.
** ''Phreatia monticola'' var. ''monticola''
* ''Phreatia morii'' Hayata
* ''Phreatia muscicola'' P.Royen
* ''Phreatia myriantha'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia navicularis'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia nebularum'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia negrosiana'' Ames
* ''Phreatia nutans'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia oreogena'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia oreophylax'' Rchb.f.
* ''Phreatia oxyantheroides'' Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
* ''Phreatia pacifica'' Fukuy.
* ''Phreatia padangensis'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia palawensis'' (Schltr.) Tuyama
* ''Phreatia paleata'' (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f. – white lace orchid
* ''Phreatia palmifrons'' Ormerod
* ''Phreatia papuana'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia pentagona'' Kores
* ''Phreatia petiolata'' Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
** ''Phreatia petiolata'' var. ''eitapensis'' Schltr.
** ''Phreatia petiolata'' var. ''petiolata''
* ''Phreatia pholidotoides'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia phreatioides'' (J.J.Sm.) L.O.Williams
* ''Phreatia pisifera'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia plagiopetala'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia plantaginifolia'' (J.Koenig) Ormerod
* ''Phreatia platychila'' (Kraenzl.) Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
* ''Phreatia platyclinoides'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia pleistantha'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia plexauroides'' Rchb.f.
* ''Phreatia polyantha'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia potamophila'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia procera'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia protensa'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia pseudothompsonii'' Tuyama
* ''Phreatia pulchella'' Ridl.
* ''Phreatia pumilio'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia pusilla'' (F.M.Bailey) Rolfe nom. illeg.
* ''Phreatia pusilla'' (Blume) Lindl.
* ''Phreatia quadrata'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia quinquelobulata'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia ramosii'' Ames
* ''Phreatia renilabris'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia repens'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia resiana'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia rhomboglossa'' Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
* ''Phreatia rotundata'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia rupestris'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia ryozoana'' Tuyama
* ''Phreatia saccifera'' Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
* ''Phreatia sarasinorum'' Kraenzl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.)
* ''Phreatia sarawaketensis'' Ormerod
* ''Phreatia scandens'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia scaphioglossa'' Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
* ''Phreatia schoenorchis'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia seleniglossa'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia semiorbicularis'' J.J.Sm.
** ''Phreatia semiorbicularis'' var. ''angiensis'' J.J.Sm.
** ''Phreatia semiorbicularis'' var. ''semiorbicularis''
** ''Phreatia semiorbicularis'' var. ''seramica'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia seranica'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia similis'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia simplex'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia sinadjiensis'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia sororia'' Schltr.
** ''Phreatia sororia'' var. ''kenejiana'' Schltr.
** ''Phreatia sororia'' var. ''litoralis''] Schltr.
** ''Phreatia sororia'' var. ''sororia''
* ''Phreatia spathilabia'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia spathulata'' J.J.Sm. in L.S.Gibbs
* ''Phreatia sphaerocarpa'' Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
* ''Phreatia stenophylla'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia stenostachya'' (Rchb.f.) Kraenzl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.)
* ''Phreatia stipulata'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia stresemannii'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia subalpina'' P.Royen
* ''Phreatia subcrenulata'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia sublata'' N.Hallé
* ''Phreatia subsaccata'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia subsacculata'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia subtriloba'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia sulcata'' (Blume) J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia sumatrana'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia tafana'' Ormerod
* ''Phreatia tahitensis'' Lindl.
* ''Phreatia taiwaniana'' Fukuy.
* ''Phreatia tenuis'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia teretifolia'' (Gilli) Ormerod
* ''Phreatia thompsonii'' Ames
* ''Phreatia tjibodasana'' J.J.Sm.
* ''Phreatia transversiloba'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia trilobulata'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia urostachya'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia vaginata'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia valida'' Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach
* ''Phreatia vandenbergiae'' Ormerod
* ''Phreatia vanimoana'' Ormerod
* ''Phreatia vanoverberghii'' Ames
* ''Phreatia vanuatensis'' T.Yukawa
* ''Phreatia virescens'' Schltr.
* ''Phreatia wenzelii'' Ames
* ''Phreatia xantholeuca'' Kraenzl.

Distribution

Orchids in the genus ''Phreatia'' are found in China, Taiwan, the Indian Subcontinent, the Andaman Islands, Thailand, Vietnam, Borneo, Java, the Lesser Sunda Islands, Peninsular Malaysia, the Maluku Islands, the Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Christmas Island, the Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Norfolk Island, Queensland, Queensland (Australia), Fiji, Niue, New Caledonia, Samoa, the Santa Cruz Islands, Tonga, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna, Wallis and Futuna Islands, the Society Islands, the Caroline Islands and the Mariana Islands.

References

External links

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{{Taxonbar, from=Q1249117

Phreatia,
Podochileae genera