''Phoxinus'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

freshwater Fresh water or freshwater is any naturally occurring liquid or frozen water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. Although the term specifically excludes seawater and brackish water, it does include ...

fish Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% of li ...

in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Leuciscidae of

order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood * Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of d ...

Cypriniformes Cypriniformes is an order of ray-finned fish, including the carps, minnows, loaches, and relatives. Cypriniformes is an Order within the Superorder Ostariophysi consisting of "Carp-like" Ostariophysins. This order contains 11-12 families, ...

, and the only members of the

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...

Phoxininae, or Eurasian minnows. The

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ...

is ''

Phoxinus phoxinus The Eurasian minnow, minnow, or common minnow (''Phoxinus phoxinus'') is a small species of Fresh water, freshwater fish in the carp family (biology), family Cyprinidae. It is the type species of genus ''Phoxinus''. It is ubiquitous throughout mu ...

''. The other species in this genus are also commonly known as minnows. The name "minnow" was what early English fisherman used to describe "small and insignificant". The genus ''Phoxinus'' is found throughout

Eurasia Eurasia (, ) is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. Primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it spans from the British Isles and the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Japanese archipelago a ...

, and includes 21 known

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

. Previously, members of the North American genus '' Chrosomus'' were also believed to form part of this genus.Strange, R.M. & Mayden, R.L. (2009): Phylogenetic Relationships and a Revised Taxonomy for North American Cyprinids Currently Assigned to ''Phoxinus'' (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae). ''Copeia, 2009 (3): 494-501.''

Species

There are currently 22 recognized species in this genus: * ''

Phoxinus apollonicus ''Phoxinus apollonicus'' is a species of small cyprinid fish from Montenegro and Albania Albania ( ; sq, Shqipëri or ), or , also or . officially the Republic of Albania ( sq, Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern E ...

'' Bianco & De Bonis, 2015 Bianco, P.G. & De Bonis, S. (2015): A taxonomic study on the genus ''Phoxinus'' (Acthinopterigy, Cyprinidae) from Italy and western Balkans with description of four new species: ''P. ketmaieri'', ''P. karsticus'', ''P. apollonicus'' and ''P. likai''. ''In'': Bianco, P.G. & de Filippo, G. (Eds.), ''Researches on Wildlife Conservation'', 4 IGF Publ., USA., . pp. 1–22.'' * ''

Phoxinus bigerri ''Phoxinus bigerri'', the Adour minnow, is a species of minnow that was described in 2007. It is found in the Adour drainage basin in France and the Ebro basin in Spain and Andorra, it has been introduced to the Douro The Douro (, , ; es, ...

Kottelat Maurice Kottelat (born 16 July 1957 in Delémont, SwitzerlandC ...

, 2007 (Adour minnow) * ''

Phoxinus brachyurus ''Phoxinus brachyurus'', also known as the Seven River's minnow, is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. References Phoxinus Taxa named by Lev Berg Fish described in 1912 {{Leuciscinae-stub ...

'' L. S. Berg, 1912 (Seven River's minnow) * ''

Phoxinus colchicus ''Phoxinus colchicus'' is a species of minnow that was described in 1910.It is found in southern tributaries of lower Kuban River of Russia and Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of ...

'' L. S. Berg, 1910 * ''

Phoxinus grumi ''Phoxinus grumi'' is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to China. References Phoxinus Taxa named by Lev Berg Fish described in 1907 {{Leuciscinae-stub ...

'' L. S. Berg, 1907 * ''

Phoxinus issykkulensis ''Phoxinus issykkulensis'', also known as the Issyk-kul' minnow, is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either consider ...

'' L. S. Berg, 1912 (Issyk-kul' minnow) * ''

Phoxinus jouyi ''Phoxinus jouyi'' is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to Japan. It may be a subspecies of '' Phoxinus oxycephalus''. References Phoxinus Taxa named by David Starr Jordan Taxa named by John Otterbein ...

'' ( D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1901) * '' Phoxinus karsticus'' Bianco & De Bonis, 2015 * '' Phoxinus keumkang'' ( M. K. Chyung, 1977) * '' Phoxinus ketmaieri'' Bianco & De Bonis, 2015 * '' Phoxinus kumgangensis'' L. T. Kim, 1980 :* ''Phoxinus laevis'' syn. ''P. phoxinus'' below * '' Phoxinus likai'' Bianco & De Bonis, 2015 * '' Phoxinus oxyrhynchus'' ( T. Mori, 1930) * ''

'' ( Linnaeus,

1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...

) (Eurasian minnow) * '' Phoxinus semotilus'' ( D. S. Jordan & Starks, 1905) * '' Phoxinus septimaniae''

Kottelat Maurice Kottelat (born 16 July 1957 in Delémont, SwitzerlandC ...

, 2007 * '' Phoxinus steindachneri'' Sauvage, 1883 * ''

Phoxinus strandjae The Bulgarian minnow (''Phoxinus strandjae'') is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in the Veleka and Resowska drainages in Bulgaria and Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ...

'' Drensky, 1926 (Bulgarian minnow) * ''

Phoxinus strymonicus ''Phoxinus strymonicus'' is a species of minnow Minnow is the common name for a number of species of small freshwater fish, belonging to several genera of the families Cyprinidae and Leuciscidae. They are also known in Ireland as pinkeens. ...

Kottelat Maurice Kottelat (born 16 July 1957 in Delémont, SwitzerlandC ...

, 2007 (Aegean minnow) * ''

Phoxinus tchangi ''Phoxinus tchangi'' is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to China and Mongolia Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bor ...

'' X. Y. Chen, 1988 * ''

Phoxinus ujmonensis ''Phoxinus ujmonensis'' is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is found in Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's ...

'' Kaschenko, 1899 * ''

Phoxinus lumaireul ''Phoxinus'' is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Leuciscidae of order Cypriniformes, and the only members of the subfamily Phoxininae, or Eurasian minnows. The type species is ''Phoxinus phoxinus''. The other species in this genus are als ...

Schinz Schinz is a Swiss surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Albert Schinz (1870–1943), Swiss-born U.S. editor and academic *Hans Schinz (1858–1941), Swiss explorer and botanist *Heinrich Rudolf Schinz Heinrich Rudolf Schinz (30 March ...

, 1840

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q311561 Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque Freshwater fish genera