''Phonognatha'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
South Pacific
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the continen ...
orb-weaver spiders first described by
Eugène Simon
Eugène Louis Simon (; 30 April 1848 – 17 November 1924) was a French naturalist who worked particularly on insects and spiders, but also on birds and plants. He is by far the most prolific spider taxonomist in history, describing over 4, ...
in 1895.
It was originally placed with the
long-jawed orb weavers, and was moved to ''
Araneidae
Orb-weaver spiders are members of the spider family Araneidae. They are the most common group of builders of spiral wheel-shaped webs often found in gardens, fields, and forests. The English word "orb" can mean "circular", hence the English name ...
'' in 2008.
The leaf curling spider (''
Phonognatha graeffei'') is a
common Australian spider found in urban areas as well as woodlands of the northeastern, eastern, and southern states.
''Phonognatha vicitra'' was formerly placed in the genus, but it has been shown to be a misidentification of ''
Acusilas coccineus
''Acusilas coccineus'' is a species of spider in the family Araneidae, found from India and China to Indonesia (the Moluccas). In India particularly, it has been known by the synonym
A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means exactly ...
''.
Species
it contains four species:
*''
Phonognatha graeffei''
(Keyserling, 1865) (
type
Type may refer to:
Science and technology Computing
* Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc.
* Data type, collection of values used for computations.
* File type
* TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file.
* Ty ...
) – Australia
*''
Phonognatha melania''
(L. Koch
Ludwig Carl Christian Koch (8 November 1825 – 1 November 1908) was a German entomologist and arachnologist.
He was born in Regensburg, Germany, and died in Nuremberg, Germany. He studied in Nuremberg, initially law, but then turned to medicin ...
, 1871) – Australia
*''
Phonognatha neocaledonica
''Phonognatha'' is a genus of South Pacific orb-weaver spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. It was originally placed with the long-jawed orb weavers, and was moved to ''Araneidae'' in 2008.
The leaf curling spider ('' Phonognatha ...
''
Berland, 1924 – New Caledonia
*''
Phonognatha tanyodon
''Phonognatha'' is a genus of South Pacific orb-weaver spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1895. It was originally placed with the long-jawed orb weavers, and was moved to ''Araneidae'' in 2008.
The leaf curling spider ('' Phonognatha ...
''
Kallal & Hormiga, 2018 – Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)
References
External links
closeup pictures showing webs as wellTaxonomy and species list
Araneidae
Araneomorphae genera
Spiders of Asia
Spiders of Oceania
Taxa named by Eugène Simon
{{Araneidae-stub