Philippine Republic

The term "Philippine Republic" or "Republic of the Philippines" refers to a succession of

republic A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th c ...

s during and after the Philippine Revolution in the

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

. The current government of the Philippines recognizes five "Philippine republics" in the

history of the Philippines Earliest hominin activity in the Philippine archipelago is dated back to at least 709,000 years ago. ''Homo luzonensis'', a species of archaic humans, was present on the island of Luzon at least 67,000 years ago. The earliest known anatomically ...

: *

First Philippine Republic The Philippine Republic ( es, República Filipina), now officially known as the First Philippine Republic, also referred to by historians as the Malolos Republic, was established in Malolos, Bulacan during the Philippine Revolution against ...

(January 23, 1899 – March 23, 1901) ** Called itself the "Philippine Republic". Also called the

Malolos Republic The Philippine Republic ( es, República Filipina), now officially known as the First Philippine Republic, also referred to by historians as the Malolos Republic, was established in Malolos, Bulacan during the Philippine Revolution against ...

by historians. *

Second Philippine Republic The Second Philippine Republic, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines ( tl, Repúbliká ng Pilipinas; es, República de Filipinas; ja, フィリピン共和国, ''Firipin-kyōwakoku'') and also known as the Japanese-sponsored Phi ...

(October 14, 1943 – August 17, 1945) *

Third Philippine Republic Third or 3rd may refer to: Numbers * 3rd, the ordinal form of the cardinal number 3 * , a fraction of one third * 1⁄60 of a ''second'', or 1⁄3600 of a ''minute'' Places * 3rd Street (disambiguation) * Third Avenue (disambiguation) * Hig ...

(July 4, 1946 – September 21, 1972) *

Fourth Philippine Republic The Fourth Philippine Republic, also known as the Fourth Republic of the Philippines ( tl, Repúbliká ng Pilipinas; es, República de Filipinas) was established after Ferdinand Marcos Sr won the June 16, 1981 Philippine Presidential Electio ...

(June 30, 1981 – February 25, 1986) *

Fifth Philippine Republic Fifth is the ordinal form of the number five. Fifth or The Fifth may refer to: * Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution, as in the expression "pleading the Fifth" * Fifth column, a political term * Fifth disease, a contagious rash that ...

(February 2, 1987 – present) **The current government in the

(

Republic of the Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

redirects to an article about the current government). Earlier organizational bodies which led to the First Republic, headed by many of the same people, also styled themselves as "Philippine Republic" and/or "Republic of the Philippines": * Tejeros government (March 22, 1897 – November 1, 1897) **Called itself by both and other names, no historical consensus. *

Republic of Biak-na-Bato Republic of Biak-na-Bato is a designation referring to the second revolutionary republican government led by Emilio Aguinaldo during the Philippine Revolution, That government referred to itself as Republic of the Philippines ( es, República d ...

(November 1, 1897 – December 15, 1897) **Called itself the "Republic of the Philippines". "Republic of Biak-na-Bato" is from historians. Two other organizational bodies separate from the above also styled themselves as republican governments but used " Tagalog" and its derivatives as direct equivalents of "Philippines" and its derivatives. One may be considered a revival or continuation of the other.: *

Tagalog Republic Tagalog Republic ( fil, Republika ng Katagalugan, more precisely "Republic of the Tagalog Nation/People"; es, República Tagala) is a term used to refer to two revolutionary governments involved in the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish ...

(1896 – 1897) *

(1902 – 1906) **"Tagalog Republic" is an approximation of the original

Tagalog language Tagalog (, ; ; '' Baybayin'': ) is an Austronesian language spoken as a first language by the ethnic Tagalog people, who make up a quarter of the population of the Philippines, and as a second language by the majority. Its standardized form, ...

term by later historians. The original term may be translated more precisely as "Republic of the Tagalog People/Nation". Within the Philippines, regional governments also styled themselves as republics but did not claim authority over the entire Philippine islands and population unlike all of the above: *

Cantonal Republic of Negros The Republic of Negros ( hil, Republika sang Negros; ceb, Republika sa Negros; es, República de Negros) was a short-lived revolutionary entity which had existed on the island of Negros first as a canton of the First Philippine Republic and ...

Republic of Negros The Republic of Negros ( hil, Republika sang Negros; ceb, Republika sa Negros; es, República de Negros) was a short-lived revolutionary entity which had existed on the island of Negros first as a canton of the First Philippine Republic and ...

Republic of Zamboanga The Republic of Zamboanga was a short-lived revolutionary government, founded by General Vicente Alvarez with his Zamboangueño Revolutionary Forces after the Spanish government in Zamboanga, Philippines officially surrendered and turned ove ...

{{Philippines topics History of the Philippines