Philippe de Cabassole or Philippe de Cabassoles (1305–1372), the

Bishop of Cavaillon The former French diocese of Cavaillon (''Lat.'' dioecesis Caballicensis) existed until the French Revolution as a diocese of the Comtat Venaissin, a fief of the Church of Rome. It was a member of the ecclesiastical province headed by the Metropol ...

Seigneur ''Seigneur'' is an originally feudal title in France before the Revolution, in New France and British North America until 1854, and in the Channel Islands to this day. A seigneur refers to the person or collective who owned a ''seigneurie'' (or ...

Vaucluse Vaucluse (; oc, Vauclusa, label= Provençal or ) is a department in the southeastern French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. It had a population of 561,469 as of 2019.Francesco Petrarch Francesco Petrarca (; 20 July 1304 – 18/19 July 1374), commonly anglicized as Petrarch (), was a scholar and poet of early Renaissance Italy, and one of the earliest humanists. Petrarch's rediscovery of Cicero's letters is often credited w ...

Early life

Philippe was educated by the clergy of Cavaillon and was made Canon of the cathedral chapter of Cavaillon on 22 March 1328. He next was promoted to

archdeacon An archdeacon is a senior clergy position in the Church of the East, Chaldean Catholic Church, Syriac Orthodox Church, Anglican Communion, St Thomas Christians, Eastern Orthodox churches and some other Christian denominations, above that o ...

on 26 August 1330. He then took a position as provost on 18 September 1331. Philippe was promoted to the

episcopate A bishop is an ordained clergy member who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance of dioceses. The role or office of bishop is ca ...

when he was a

deacon A deacon is a member of the diaconate, an office in Christian churches that is generally associated with service of some kind, but which varies among theological and denominational traditions. Major Christian churches, such as the Catholic Churc ...

in 1333 by Pope John XXII.

Middle life

Philip was elected bishop of Cavaillon on 17 August 1334. He attended the Council of Avignon in 1337. Philip became guardian of

Robert of Anjou Robert of Anjou ( it, Roberto d'Angiò), known as Robert the Wise ( it, Roberto il Saggio; 1276 – 20 January 1343), was King of Naples, titular King of Jerusalem and Count of Provence and Forcalquier from 1309 to 1343, the central figure of Ita ...

's granddaughter at his death, Queen

Joan I of Naples Joanna I, also known as Johanna I ( it, Giovanna I; December 1325 – 27 July 1382), was Queen of Naples, and Countess of Provence and Forcalquier from 1343 to 1382; she was also Princess of Achaea from 1373 to 1381. Joanna was the eldest daug ...

. He became chancellor of Sicily in 1343 and

legate Legate may refer to: *Legatus, a higher ranking general officer of the Roman army drawn from among the senatorial class :*Legatus Augusti pro praetore, a provincial governor in the Roman Imperial period *A member of a legation *A representative, ...

Pope Innocent VI Pope Innocent VI ( la, Innocentius VI; 1282 or 1295 – 12 September 1362), born Étienne Aubert, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 18 December 1352 to his death in September 1362. He was the fifth Avignon pope a ...

in Dauphiné in 1353 and in Germany in 1358. He was named

titular Titular may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * Title character in a narrative work, the character referred to in its title Religion * Titular (Catholicism), a cardinal who holds a titulus, one of the main churches of Rome ** Titular bisho ...

Latin patriarch of Jerusalem on 18 August 1361 and remained as administrator of the see of Cavaillon until 23 September 1366. He became rector of Comtat-Venaissin starting 17 November 1362. Philip was also named administrator of the see of Marseille on 23 September 1366 and was there until 9 December 1368. Philip created a cardinal priest of

Santi Marcellino e Pietro al Laterano Santi is used as: People with the surname * Brenden Santi (born 1993), Australian-Italian rugby league player * Domenico Santi (1621–1694), also known as il Mengazzino, Italian painter * Emanuele Santi, Italian economist and political scientist ...

in the ecclesiastical council of 22 September 1368. He was made a cardinal by

Pope Urban V Pope Urban V ( la, Urbanus V; 1310 – 19 December 1370), born Guillaume de Grimoard, was the head of the Catholic Church from 28 September 1362 until his death in December 1370 and was also a member of the Order of Saint Benedict. He was the on ...

in 1368 and entered the papal curia in Avignon on 4 June 1369. He was also named by Pope Urban V the governor of Avignon and

vicar general A vicar general (previously, archdeacon) is the principal deputy of the bishop of a diocese for the exercise of administrative authority and possesses the title of local ordinary. As vicar of the bishop, the vicar general exercises the bishop's ...

during the pope's absence. He opted for the order of cardinal bishops and the

suburbicarian The seven suburbicarian dioceses are Roman Catholic dioceses located in the vicinity of Rome, whose (titular) bishops are the (now six) ordinary members of the highest-ranking order of cardinals, the cardinal bishops (to which the cardinal-patriar ...

see of Sabina on 31 May 1370 and also participated in the conclave of the same year to elect

Pope Gregory XI Pope Gregory XI ( la, Gregorius, born Pierre Roger de Beaufort; c. 1329 – 27 March 1378) was head of the Catholic Church from 30 December 1370 to his death in March 1378. He was the seventh and last Avignon pope and the most recent French pope ...

. Gregory designated Philip

papal legate 300px, A woodcut showing Henry II of England greeting the pope's legate. A papal legate or apostolic legate (from the ancient Roman title ''legatus'') is a personal representative of the pope to foreign nations, or to some part of the Catholic ...

of Tuscany, Campagna and Sabina. He was also

Archdeacon of York The Archdeacon of York (or of the West Riding) is a senior clergy position in an archdeaconry subdivision of the Church of England Diocese of York in the Province of York. It is named for the City of York and consists of the seven rural deanerie ...

and

Archdeacon of Leicester The Archdeacon An archdeacon is a senior clergy position in the Church of the East, Chaldean Catholic Church, Syriac Orthodox Church, Anglican Communion, St Thomas Christians, Eastern Orthodox churches and some other Christian denominati ...

from 1370 to 1372.

The best friend of Petrarch

Philippe formed a long lasting friendship with Petrarch from 1337 until his death in 1372. Philippe had a villa not far from

Avignon Avignon (, ; ; oc, Avinhon, label=Provençal dialect, Provençal or , ; la, Avenio) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Vaucluse Departments of France, department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regions of France, region of So ...

in the village of

Vaucluse Vaucluse (; oc, Vauclusa, label= Provençal or ) is a department in the southeastern French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. It had a population of 561,469 as of 2019.Vaucluse Vaucluse (; oc, Vauclusa, label= Provençal or ) is a department in the southeastern French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. It had a population of 561,469 as of 2019.bequest A bequest is property given by will. Historically, the term ''bequest'' was used for personal property given by will and ''deviser'' for real property. Today, the two words are used interchangeably. The word ''bequeath'' is a verb form for the act ...

suitable to a man of such high

status Status (Latin plural: ''statūs''), is a state, condition, or situation, and may refer to: * Status (law) ** City status ** Legal status, in law ** Political status, in international law ** Small entity status, in patent law ** Status conference ...

as that of a prince. Petrarch made a collection of 350 letters he personally wrote called ''Epistolae familiares'' (a.k.a.

Familiar Letters ''Epistolae familiares'' is the title of a collection of letters of Petrarch which he edited during his lifetime. He originally called the collection ''Epistolarum mearum ad diversos liber'' (''"a book of my letters to different people"'') but th ...

). In among these letters in 1346 Petrarch writes what is called ''De vita solitaria'', a treatise composed of two books and dedicated to Philippe de Cabassoles. In Book XXII of Familiar Letters is Petrarch's books of these letters to Philippe which he delivered 20 years after he wrote them. Also in addition to these books of letters he wrote some very special letters that he held out of the set of ''Epistolae familiares'', which was later put into a set of 19 letters called

Liber sine nomine The ' (''The Book without a Name'') is a collection of nineteen personal letters written in Latin by the fourteenth century Italian poet and Renaissance humanist Petrarch. The letters being harshly critical of the Avignon papacy, they were withhe ...

. Letters 1 and 12 are letters Petrarch wrote to his friend Phillippe that are in this reserved set of letters "without a name" of the recipient. Petrarch dedicated his work ''

De vita solitaria ' ("Of Solitary Life" or "On the Solitary Life"; translated as ''The Life of Solitude'') is a philosophical treatise composed in Latin and written between 1346 and 1356 (mainly in Lent of 1346) by Italian Renaissance humanist Petrarch. It constit ...

'' to his friend Philip. A dedication to him is in the

preface __NOTOC__ A preface () or proem () is an introduction to a book or other literary work written by the work's author. An introductory essay written by a different person is a '' foreword'' and precedes an author's preface. The preface often closes ...

. Historian Wilkens tells of part of a letter Petrarch sent to Philip in 1371 that shows their friendship,

Death and after

Pope Gregory XI sent Philippe to

Perugia Perugia (, , ; lat, Perusia) is the capital city of Umbria in central Italy, crossed by the River Tiber, and of the province of Perugia. The city is located about north of Rome and southeast of Florence. It covers a high hilltop and part o ...

and designated him papal legate and governor of Umbria in early 1372. Before his term ended he died on 27 August 1372 and was buried in the Carthusian monastery of Bonpas, near Avignon. Later his body was transferred to the church of

Caumont-sur-Durance Caumont-sur-Durance (, literally ''Caumont on Durance''; oc, Caumont de Durença) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of Southeastern France. In 2017, it had a population of 4,885. Geography The rive ...

in 1833. In October 1926, a commemorative plaque was placed ''de l'Evêché'' at Cavaillon in the ruins of his palace.Cook, p. 342

Works

*Life of St. Mary Magdalene (''Libellus hystorialis Marie beatissime Magedelene'') - 1355.

Footnotes

References

* Aldonce, Jacques François Paul de Sade, ''The Life of Petrarch, collected from Memoires pour la vie de Petrarch'', vol. 1, London, Vernor & Hood, 1797. * Calthrop Hollway-Calthrop, Henry, ''Petrarch: his life and times'', G.P. Putnam's sons, 1907 * Cook, Sir Theodore Andrea, ''Old Provence,'' Volume 2, C. Scribner's Sons, 1905 * This article incorporates text from the

old Catholic Encyclopedia The ''Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church'' (also referred to as the ''Old Catholic Encyclopedia'' and the ''Original Catholic Encyclopedia'') i ...

of 1914, a publication now in the public domain. * This article incorporates text from the Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, a publication now in the public domain.

External links

JSTOR - Petrarch's Exul ab Italia by Ernest H. Wilkins; Speculum, Vol. 38, No. 3 (Jul., 1963), pp. 453-460JSTOR - Philippe de Cabassoles on Petrarch by Ernest H. Wilkins; Speculum, Vol. 35, No. 1 (Jan., 1960), pp. 69-77
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cabassoles, Philippe De 14th-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops Bishops of Cavaillon 14th-century French cardinals Cardinal-bishops of Sabina 1305 births 1372 deaths Latin Patriarchs of Jerusalem Clergy from Avignon