Philipp Schwartz (born 19 July 1894 in Versec,

Banat Banat (, ; hu, Bánság; sr, Банат, Banat) is a geographical and historical region that straddles Central and Eastern Europe and which is currently divided among three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania (the counties of T ...

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the ...

, died 1 December 1977 in

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) was a Hungarian-born neuropathologist. In the interwar period he was a professor in Frankfurt, Germany. He became a major figure in the community of German émigré scientists after 1933 and founded the .

Early career

He studied medicine in Budapest and earned his doctorate there in 1919. In the same year, he became an assistant of

Bernhard Fischer Johann Friedrich Bernhard Fischer (19 February 1852 Coburg - 2 August 1915 Dadizele) was a German bacteriologist noted for his classification system for bacteria. Biography After attending Casimirianum from 1862 to 1871, he was educated at the ...

at the Senckenberg Institute of Pathology at the University of Frankfurt, where he worked for the next 14 years. He earned his Habilitation in 1923, became an associate professor in 1926 and a full professor in 1927.

Life in exile

Following the Nazi takeover in Germany in 1933 he was dismissed from his university chair for being Jewish, and he emigrated to Zurich, Switzerland, where he founded the to help other refugees find new employment. He notably established contacts with Turkish universities. Together with Albert Malche, Schwartz convinced the Turkish government to offer a significant number of persecuted German professors employment in Turkey. Finally, contracts of up to five years were signed. Over time around 150 academics immigrated to Turkey. Most of them were from the economic, finance, legal or medical fields, while social sciences played a less important role. He later became director of the Department of Pathology at the

University of Istanbul , image = Istanbul_University_logo.svg , image_size = 200px , latin_name = Universitas Istanbulensis , motto = tr, Tarihten Geleceğe Bilim Köprüsü , mottoeng = Science Bridge from Past to the Future , established = 1453 1846 1933 ...

. From 1953 he worked as a pathologist at the Warren State Hospital in

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...

and chaired a research department there. In 1957 he was formally reinstated as a Professor (emeritus) at the Goethe University, but the university declined his wish to resume teaching due to his age.

Family

His daughter is the Zurich psychiatrist Susan Ferenz-Schwartz. He is interred at the

Fluntern Cemetery Also known as Friedhof Fluntern, the Fluntern Cemetery is located in the Zürichberg district of Zürich. Notable interments * Emil Abderhalden (1877–1950), Swiss biochemist and physiologist * Johann Ludwig Aberli (1723–1786), Swiss artist * ...

in Zurich.Gabor Hamza: Studies on Legal Relations between the Ottoman Empire/the Republic of Turkey and Hungary, Cyprus, and Macedonia. Selected Essays in Hungarian, English, German, and Turkish. Klaus Schwarz Verlag, Berlin, 2017.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Schwartz, Philipp Hungarian pathologists German pathologists American pathologists Goethe University Frankfurt faculty Scientists from Frankfurt 1894 births 1977 deaths Hungarian emigrants to Germany German emigrants to the United States